scholarly journals The role of migrant professionals in the process of transition in Yugoslavia

2002 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-271
Author(s):  
Vladimir Grecic
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Scientists And Engineers ◽  
The Brain

The paper deals mainly with brain drain, primarily including emigration of professionals - scientists and engineers from the FR of Yugoslavia. The author discusses the magnitude of the brain drain in FRY and the main reasons of emigration. He argues that the brain drain is in general a loss for the country of origin and mainly a gain for the host country, and explains what could be the main contributions of these professionals to the reforms in their country of origin.

scholarly journals Brain Circulation, the Phenomenon and Challenges

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Lajda Bana
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
Mechanical Action ◽  
Brain Circulation ◽  
Brain Gain ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
The People ◽  
The Brain

The world of today which seeks globalization, while the economic inequality, corruption, political instability, and moreover wars prevail, it is always associated with the movement of people towards what might be called the ‘best for their future’. This movement is not just a mechanical action, but is a phenomenon associated with social, economic and political consequences not only to the country of origin but also for the host country. The departure of the people from their land is a well-known and proven phenomenon mainly of the developing countries. This phenomenon includes also the so-called brain drain emigration, the departure of skilled people, professionals and researchers from their own country to other places. The brain drain is not only a phenomenon that belongs to developing countries, or former communist states, or those countries in war, but it can also affect the developed Western countries. Brain drain does not always constitute a brain gain in the host country. In most of the cases, people who have to leave the countries in political instability or former communist countries, even if they are qualified and holders of university degrees, they are obliged to work in humble jobs which can be simply exercised by persons without university qualifications. Consequently, the brain drain phenomenon is not automatically turned into a benefit 'brain gain' for the host country; on the contrary, it might even be turned into the so-called brain-waste. A social challenge in this context remains the turn of "brain drain" into "brain gain" or "brain circulation". Therefore, one of the current priorities for governments is to create effective economic and social conditions which would enhance the integration of the graduates, researchers and professionals into their national and regional markets

scholarly journals Plutarch’s Thesis: The Contribution of Refugee Historians to Historical Writing, 1945–2010

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoon De Baets
Keyword(s):  
Brain Drain ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
History Writing ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Scholarly Networks ◽  
The Brain

Can exile be seen as a blessing in disguise? The Greek moral essayist Plutarch, and others after him, argued that it can. This thesis that exile is a blessing in disguise is referred to as Plutarch's thesis, and this chapter attempts to test it. It analyzes 764 refugee historians — drawn from 63 countries on all continents — who made their contribution to historical writing after 1945. The overarching question is whether the loss for the country of origin featured as a corresponding benefit for the country of destination. For the countries of origin the three stages of exile — departure, sojourn abroad, and return — had repercussions. The brain drain was a devastating blow to history-writing, as ‘critical historical writing’ was replaced, for the most part, ‘by servile propaganda on behalf of repressive regimes’. During their sojourn abroad, many refugee historians edited ‘influential editions of sources’, while on their return, their influence was initially limited. Through their continued scholarly networks and contact with scholars and ideas from abroad, however, they enriched both their own scholarship and often the discipline itself. And although it was often delayed, in due course the works of those refugees who remained abroad became known or were rediscovered in their countries of origin.

scholarly journals Globalization, Brain Drain, and Development

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 681-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Docquier ◽  
Hillel Rapoport
Keyword(s):  
Brain Drain ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Taxation ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Indian Diaspora ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Technology Sector ◽  
The Brain ◽  
High Skill

This paper reviews four decades of economics research on the brain drain, with a focus on recent contributions and on development issues. We first assess the magnitude, intensity, and determinants of the brain drain, showing that brain drain (or high-skill) migration is becoming a dominant pattern of international migration and a major aspect of globalization. We then use a stylized growth model to analyze the various channels through which a brain drain affects the sending countries and review the evidence on these channels. The recent empirical literature shows that high-skill emigration need not deplete a country's human capital stock and can generate positive network externalities. Three case studies are also considered: the African medical brain drain, the exodus of European scientists to the United States, and the role of the Indian diaspora in the development of India's information technology sector. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of the analysis for education, immigration, and international taxation policies in a global context. (JEL F02, F22, J24, J61, O15)

Reversing the Brain Drain: The Role of Medical Schools

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 42-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inbal Fuchs ◽  
Alan Jotkowitz
Keyword(s):  
Brain Drain ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
The Brain

Dark Side of the African Brain Drain: Experiences of Africans Holding Doctoral Degrees in Social Sciences and Humanities Living in France

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Abdoulaye Gueye
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Doctoral Degrees ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
The Brain

Often, for many analysts theorizing the brain drain, producing macrolevel statistics is considered enough to demonstrate the significance of the concept. Furthermore, nationalist and internationalist theories and perspectives have shaped the discussion of the brain drain, each seeking to determine whether the brain drain generates an economic loss for the country of origin or a gain for the welcoming country.

scholarly journals Reverse Brain Drain: Korean Policies to Utilize Talent Educated Abroad

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (0) ◽  
pp. 155-170
Author(s):  
Hahzoong Song
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Talented People ◽  
Scientists And Engineers ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Reverse Brain Drain ◽  
The Brain

Now at an important juncture of its development, Korea has pursued technological sophistication as a means of maintaining the momentum of the nation's progress. A corps of scientists and engineers is needed to enhance the national capacity to design, market, and manufacture products as well as to teach students and to carry out research and development activities. A major potential source of high-quality manpower in science and engineering is the pool of talent previously drained to advanced countries. A successful policy to repatriate personnel from advanced countries might turn the brain-drain curse into a blessing. Yet, little attention has been paid to the sensitive subject of how to manage this flow of human (rather than material) resources. During the brain-drain controversy of the 1960s, some analysts believed that social and economic incentives would drive talented people from developing countries to migrate to advanced countries. Given the resources then available to developing countries. this problem seemed unlikely to be solved soon.

scholarly journals Brain Circulation, the Phenomenon and Challenges

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lajda Bana
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
Mechanical Action ◽  
Brain Circulation ◽  
Brain Gain ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
The People ◽  
The Brain

The world of today which seeks globalization, while the economic inequality, corruption, political instability, and moreover wars prevail, it is always associated with the movement of people towards what might be called the ‘best for their future’. This movement is not just a mechanical action, but is a phenomenon associated with social, economic and political consequences not only to the country of origin but also for the host country. The departure of the people from their land is a well-known and proven phenomenon mainly of the developing countries. This phenomenon includes also the so-called brain drain emigration, the departure of skilled people, professionals and researchers from their own country to other places. The brain drain is not only a phenomenon that belongs to developing countries, or former communist states, or those countries in war, but it can also affect the developed Western countries. Brain drain does not always constitute a brain gain in the host country. In most of the cases, people who have to leave the countries in political instability or former communist countries, even if they are qualified and holders of university degrees, they are obliged to work in humble jobs which can be simply exercised by persons without university qualifications. Consequently, the brain drain phenomenon is not automatically turned into a benefit 'brain gain' for the host country; on the contrary, it might even be turned into the so-called brain-waste. A social challenge in this context remains the turn of "brain drain" into "brain gain" or "brain circulation". Therefore, one of the current priorities for governments is to create effective economic and social conditions which would enhance the integration of the graduates, researchers and professionals into their national and regional markets

scholarly journals Plugging the Brain Drain: The Role of Indonesia Diaspora Network towards Indonesian Citizens in Overseas Policy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinny Afifi Elfinur
Keyword(s):  
Brain Drain ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Transnational Advocacy ◽  
Advocacy Network ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
The Government ◽  
Source Countries ◽  
The Brain

This paper will start from the shifting of brain drain as phenomena and terminology, from traditional (nasionalist) to comprehensive (globalist) thought. The nationalist tends to envisage brain drain as negative impact to source countries while the globalist assumes the ‘brain’ is not drained but circulated and their roots will be embeded as part of their identities. By choosing Indonesia as the case study, this paper will try to analyse about how the brain drain issue related to Indonesia Diaspora Network (IDN) and how the network of IDN works to influence the homeland government with the globalist thought. The Indonesian President Decree No. 76 on 2017 regarding Facilities for Indonesian Citizens in Overseas (Masyarakat Indonesia di Luar Negeri – MILN) designated, on this paper, as new milestone of attainment to Indonesian Diaspora official recogniztion, which enclosed to mission of Indonesia Diaspora Network Global (IDN Global) since its established on 2012. Using the theory of Transnational Advocacy Network by Keck and Sikkink, combined with argument of Sara Kalm on Diaspora Strategies as Technology of Citizenship, this paper argues that the launching of the policy shows that: (i) the role of diaspora network as principal actor who spreads and infused the globalist thought to the government, Indonesia citizens in home countries, and collecting international support, (ii) involving Diasporas in policy making process could be a good strategy for Indonesian Government to instill and strengthen diaspora’s emotions of national obligations, which will also plug the ‘drain’ and maintain to circulate the ‘brain’. To enrich and emphasize these arguments, some literatures of state-diaspora relations will also be applied.

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