scholarly journals Measurement of competitiveness degree in Tunisian deposit banks: An application of the Panzar and Rosse model

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Mensi
Keyword(s):  
Random Effects ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
Oligopolistic Competition ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Empirical Assessment ◽  
Contestable Market

This paper explores the use of the Panzar-Rosse statistic as a basis for empirical assessment of competitive conditions among Tunisian deposit banks. The elaborated model has been tested with an interest revenues equation and a total revenues equation. Proceeding by means of an Ordinary Least Square analysis, the H-statistics is respectively estimated at 0.87 and 0.91. The computations undertaken using bank fixed effects and bank random effects General Least Square methods yield similar results. With reference to the reviewed literature, we are inclined to believe that Tunisian banks implement neither a joint monopoly nor a collusive competition context, and that they evolve within an oligopolistic competition context in a contestable market. Thus, it confirms the presence of a competitive environment.

Dampak Kebijakan Moneter Pada Output Di Negara-Negara ASEAN Tahun 1980-2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-70
Author(s):  
Nur Widiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
State Data ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
The Impact

The Impact of monetary Policy on Ouput is an ambiguous. The results of previous empirical studies indicate that the impact can be a positive or negative relationship. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of monetary policy on Output more detail. The variables to estimatate monetery poicy are used state and board interest rate andrate. This research is conducted by Ordinary Least Square or Instrumental Variabel, method for 5 countries ASEAN. The state data are estimated for the period of 1980 – 2014. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the impact of monetary policy on Output shown are varied.Keyword: Monetary Policy, Output, Panel Data, Fixed Effects Model

scholarly journals The impact of financial structure on profitability of firms: a cross-sectional industry analysis of Nigerian quoted firms

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 415-427
Author(s):  
Ogbuagu Onu Ekumankama
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Financial Structure ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Industrial Groups

This study empirically examines the impact of financial structure decision on the profitability of Nigerian quoted firms. Cross-sectional time series data of 72 Nigerian quoted firms were collated and analysed. Two hypotheses were proposed for the study, while the ordinary least square (OLS), fixed-effects (FE) and the gerneralised least square (GLS) regression were used on pooled and panel data to estimate the relationship between financial leverage and the different measures of profitability in Nigeria quoted firms. In determining the extent of the influence of leverage on the dependent variables, most of the industrial groups showed evidence of sizable positive influence of leverage on profitability and earnings yield. This was significant and robust with all the measures of leverage.

scholarly journals ANALISIS VARIABEL SOSIAL EKONOMI TERHADAP TINGKAT INKLUSI KEUANGAN NEGARA ASIA TAHUN 2010-2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yana Raudhatul Jannah ◽  
David Kaluge
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Ordinary Least Square

Program inklusi keuangan di Asia mulai gencar dilakukan dengan fokusnya yaitu meningkatkan akses masyarakat, terutama masyarakat yang belum menikmati jasa perbankan. Hal ini menjadikan inklusi keuangan sebagai salah satu satu fokus pembangunan di sektor keuangan diberbagai negara khususnya di kawasan Asia, karena sistem keuangan yang baik dapat mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbandingan tingkat inklusi keuangan dan melihat pengaruh variabel sosial ekonomi terhadap inklusi keuangan di negara Asia tahun 2010-2015. Untuk melihat perbandingan tingkat inklusi keuangan di beberapa negara Asia digunakan metode analisis Index of Financial Inclusion (IFI) yang dikembangkan oleh Sarma (2008), sedangkan untuk menguji hubungan antar variabel sosial ekonomi terhadap inklusi keuangan digunakan metode Ordinary Least Square (OLS) dengan teknik estimasi dalam pendekatan Fixed Effects Model.Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara umum inklusi keuangan di beberapa negara Asia utamanya dipengaruhi oleh dimensi keguanaan. Selain itu, hanya variabel GDP perkapita yang tidak signifikan berpengaruh secara parsial. Sedangkan variabel lainnya, yaitu, tingkat pengangguran dan jumlah penduduk di pedesaan mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap indeks inklusi keuangan.

scholarly journals Do firm characteristics and ownership structure affect corporate philanthropic contributions in Jordan?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Husam Ananzeh ◽  
Hashem Alshurafat ◽  
Khaled Hussainey
Keyword(s):  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Firm Characteristics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Ordinary Least Square Regression ◽  
New Evidence

Purpose This paper aims to examine the drivers of corporate donations in Jordan. In particular, to examine whether firm-specific characteristics and ownership types affect corporate donations. Design/methodology/approach The analysis is based on a sample of 94 Jordanian listed companies, drawn from the manufacturing and service sectors, over the period 2010–2016. This paper uses ordinary least square regression with a year and industry fixed effects to test the research hypotheses. Findings This paper finds that corporate philanthropic contributions are positively associated with company size, age, profitability, media exposure and governmental ownership. This paper also finds that corporate philanthropic contributions are negatively associated with financial leverage and family ownership. Originality/value The paper provides new evidence on the determinants of corporate philanthropic contributions in a developing country.

scholarly journals Mechanization in sugarcane production and other agricultural activities: an econometric analysis of employment and income

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo Ferraz ◽  
Fabíola Cristina Ribeiro de Oliveira ◽  
Daisy Aparecida do Nascimento Rebelatto ◽  
Andreas Pyka
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Agricultural Mechanization ◽  
Sugarcane Farming ◽  
Effect Regression ◽  
Major Argument

Abstract: Several studies argue that agricultural mechanization has reduced employment and wages. However, there is a lack of studies analyzing employment and income over time, especially comparing the agricultural activities. Our major argument is the structural change in the employment - from un-skilled to skilled workers which has to be understood because of the overall decrease in the number of jobs. This study aims to analyze the labor market evolution in sugarcane farming and other agricultural activities, from 1992 to 2015. Using the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD/IBGE), we compared sugarcane and other Brazilian crops using econometrics techniques. We analyzed the Heckman's procedure and models with fixed effects panel data, controlling the unobservable characteristics of workers. Methodologically, our equations show convergence, since the Heckman procedure and pooled regression present similar estimates. We showed that fixed-effect regression captures the same trends of Ordinary Least Square (OLS) technique, using the Heckman method. Our main findings suggest that the wage of sugarcane workers is higher than wages in other crops, even after we control the observable and regional characteristics. This finding is important because the sugarcane sector has faced criticism regarding the low level of employment and income due to the mechanization process. Finally, we pointed out the decrease in unskilled jobs in sugarcane, which demands for policy intervention to improve the human capital in the sugarcane sector.

The impact of Islamic accounting standards on information asymmetry

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiot Mindaye Tessema ◽  
Samy Garas ◽  
Kienpin Tee
Keyword(s):  
Information Asymmetry ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Ordinary Least Square Regression ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether disclosure as required by Islamic Financial Service Board Standard No. 4 (IFSB-4) influences information asymmetry among investors in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member countries. In addition, the paper investigates whether the influence of IFSB-4 on information asymmetry varies between Islamic and conventional financial institutions. Design/methodology/approach The paper tests the hypotheses using a sample of firms listed in the GCC over a period of 2000-2013. Ordinary least square regression and fixed-effects estimation techniques are applied to test the hypotheses. Findings The findings reveal that information asymmetry among investors is lower after the implementation of IFSB-4 than before, indicating that the standard has increased transparency. The results also reveal that information asymmetry after the implementation of IFSB-4 is lower for Islamic than for conventional financial institutions. This suggests that IFAB-4 promotes more transparency for Islamic than conventional institutions. Research limitations/implications Owing to data availability, we were unable to use other proxies of information asymmetry, e.g. bid-ask spreads, and the level of disclosure, e.g. self-constructed disclosure index. Practical implications The paper concludes that disclosures under IFAB-4 reduce information asymmetry among investors. In this context, this study increases the awareness of standard setters academics investors regulators and many other stakeholders about the economic consequences of disclosure standards in the region. Originality/value This study takes a first step to fill evident gaps in the literature by investigating the influences of disclosure standard on information asymmetry in a unique setting that is often ignored by accounting researchers, which helps to widen our knowledge on accounting practices across the globe.

Role of educational, regional and religious attributes of CEOs in performance of Indian family firms

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjan DasGupta ◽  
Rajesh Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Top Executives ◽  
Northern India

PurposeThe authors investigate whether community-based CEO's attributes, particularly educational attainment, regional and religious affiliation, are direct antecedents of performance in family-controlled Indian firms. The authors further examine whether CEO's education moderates the linkage of firm performance with regional and religious affiliation.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ pooled Ordinary Least Square with fixed effects and Fama-Macbeth regression techniques to test their hypotheses.FindingsThe results reveal that firms with post-graduate CEOs in business and firms with doctorate CEOs, significantly outperform peer firms. The authors also find that CEOs from northern India outperform peer CEOs consistently which emanates from the risk-taking differentials of CEO's across regions. Hindu CEOs also deliver superior return on assets. However, CEO's educational attainment moderates the influence of regional and religious affiliations.Originality/valueThis study is unique as it contributes on the role of regional affiliation of top executives in determining performance which almost remains unexplored in existing literature.

scholarly journals EXTERNAL AUDIT(OR) QUALITY AND ACCRUAL EARNINGS MANAGEMENT: FURTHER EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenny Adedapo Soyemi ◽  
Olubukonla Abosede Olufemi ◽  
Semiu Babatunde Adeyemie
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Audit Quality ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Auditor Independence ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Financial Firms

Hinged on the quest for quality financial information, this study examined the influence of audit quality on restricting the incidence of accrual-based earnings management among 30 quoted non-financial firms in Nigeria, an emerging country which provides a rich institutional background and cultural setting different from developed nations. Secondary data were gathered from annual reports and audited financial statements for 11 years from 2008-2018. These firms were selected using stratified sampling technique. Thereafter, panel ordinary least square technique was used to estimate specified model for the study. While the descriptive statistics revealed the absence of accrualbased manipulation of earnings among quoted non-financial firms in Nigeria, the multivariate fixed effects ordinary least square depicted that audit quality variables adopted are mutually and statistically significant in explaining 49 percent changes in earnings management. Further, audit tenure and auditor independence exhibited positive and significant relationship, while total assets as the control variable, displayed a negative and significant influence on earnings management. Surprisingly, the size of audit firm appeared positive but statistically insignificant. Consequently, the relevant authorities and policy makers should not only sustain but improve on the current practice of audit engagement partner and/or auditor switch after certain years of continuous engagement to enhance their independence and reduce client-auditor engagement periods to avoid familiarity threat.

PENGARUH PENANAMAN MODAL ASING, PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL, GDP PER KAPITA, SEKTOR PERTANIAN, DAN URBANISASI TERHADAP PENDUDUK BEKERJA DI INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
John Marcell Rumondor
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Per Capita

This research aims to understand the influenceof foreign investment, international trade, Gross Domestic Product per capita, agriculture and urbanization of the working population. Country used as an object in this research is Indonesia. This research uses the method of analysis Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and the multiple linear regression analysis method. Research period are from 1997 – 2012. The results showed that the international trade, Gross Domestic Product per capita, agriculture and urbanization have significantpositive influenceon the population work in Indonesia, but foreign investment has no significanteffect on the working population in Indonesia.

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