Ocular biometric changes after trabeculectomy

Introduction/Objective. Trabeculectomy is a conventional filtration procedure in surgical glaucoma treatment. Even after successful trabeculectomy, the patient?s visual acuity can be reduced. Studies (1991) showed that changes in visual acuity occur due to changes of corneal curvature and anterior chamber depth. Anterior chamber depth change for 1 mm results in about 2 diopters change in refractive sphere. Simultaneous with anterior segment changes, anti-glaucoma surgery effect can also be manifested in posterior segment of the eye: choroidal thickness, axial length and the ocular perfusion. Axial length reduction after trabeculectomy was supposed according to biometry, more pronounced if intraocular pressure is higher preoperatively, or in the first postoperative week with spontaneous recovery to preoperative values one year after surgery. A study was conducted at the Clinic for Eye Diseases in Nis to determine the difference in pre/post-operative values of biometry on 60 patients with glaucoma. Methods. In this study we used retrospective-prospective biometric analysis in patients with open-angle glaucoma. Results. Anterior chamber depth was significantly different during the observed period, for 1.1 mm in first week (p < 0.0001) in the whole group and glaucoma type. The mean axial length varies considerably during the observed period, shorter for 0.39 mm in first week (p < 0.05). Conclusion. By analyzing biometric parameters, a postoperative difference of biometry with spontaneous recovery was determined. There is a difference in postoperative visual acuity of patients compared to preoperative, with spontaneous recovery at the end of the follow-up.

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Comparison of Ocular Biometry between Primary Open Angle Glaucoma Patients and Normal subjects

Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.3126/nepjoph.v13i2.34048 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 62-68

Author(s):

Nisha Manandhar ◽

Chandni Pradhan ◽

Purushottam Joshi ◽

Prabha Subedi ◽

Pranav Shrestha

Keyword(s):

Anterior Chamber ◽

Axial Length ◽

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Control Group ◽

Open Angle ◽

K Value ◽

The Difference ◽

Glaucoma Group

Introduction: Glaucoma is one of the major causes of irreversible blindness. In Nepal, the most common type of Glaucoma seen is Primary Open Angle Glaucoma. There are many risk factors associated with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma. The main objective of the study was to compare ocular biometric parameters in patients diagnosed with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma and age matched controls. Material and methods: This is a hospital based cross sectional study done at Mechi Eye Hospital. The study included 137 cases of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma and 75 normal individuals as control. Axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), Keratometry ‘K’ value and Central Corneal Thickness (CCT) were measured. Mann – Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Mean age in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma group was (55.25 ± 10.16 years) and in the control group was (60.96 ± 10.91 years). Axial length in the Primary Open Angle Glaucoma group (23.16 ±1.19 mm) was deeper as compared to the control group (22.69 ±0.89 mm), the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). Anterior chamber depth (ACD) was statistically deeper in the Primary Open Angle Glaucoma group (3.05 ±0.51 mm) as compared to the control group (2.86 ±0.46 mm), (p<0.01). Central corneal thickness (CCT) was thinner in the Primary Open Angle Glaucoma group (519.5 ±36.25 um) as compared to the control group (525.40 ±37.77 um) but the difference was not found to be statistically significant (p<0.19). K value in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (7.54 ±0.41mm) was higher than age-matched controls (7.58 ± 0.33mm) but the difference was not statistically significant (p<0.79). Conclusion: Patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma had longer Axial length (AL) and deeper Anterior chamber depth (ACD) as compared to normal individuals.

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Anatomical and Visual Effects of Implantable Phakic Contact Lens on Correction of Myopia

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1245764/v1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Mahmoud Ekram ◽

Ahmed Mohamed Kamal Elshafei ◽

Asmaa Anwar Mohamed ◽

Mohamed Farouk Sayed Othman Abdelkader

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Anterior Chamber ◽

Contact Lens ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Case Series ◽

Care Group ◽

Case Series Study ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the anatomical effects of implantable phakic contact lens (IPCL) (Care Group, India) on anterior segment and its visual outcomes .Patients and methods: In a prospective interventional case series study, 60 highly myopic eyes of 32 patients were subjected to IPCL implantation in the Ophthalmology Department of Minia University Hospital, Egypt from January 2019 to June 2021. All patients had complete ophthalmic examination and were followed up for 1 year. Pentacam was used for preoperative and postoperative estimation of anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber angle (ACA), anterior chamber volume (ACV) and IPCL vault in the 1st, 3rd, and 12th months. Assessment of corneal endothelium was done using specular microscope preoperatively and after 12 months. Preoperative and postoperative refraction and visual acuity were measured. Results: There was a statistically significant decrease in ACD, ACA, and ACV. There was no significant difference between preoperative and postoperative mean intraocular pressure (IOP) by the 12th month (P=0.163). The mean preoperative endothelial cell count (ECD) was significantly reduced from 2929.3±248 cells/mm2 to 2737.9±303 cells/mm2 at the 12th month (P<0.001). with a statistically highly significant improvement of mean Log Mar uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) from 1.48±0.19 preoperatively to 0.46±0.11 by the end of follow up (P<0.001) with insignificant difference between preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and postoperative UCVA (P=0.209). In the 12th month, the mean vault was 240±540 μm. No sight threatening complications occurred.Conclusion: Although IPCL induced anatomical changes, it was safe and effective for correction of high myopia.

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Evaluation of Anterior Segment’s Structures in Tilted Disc Syndrome

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2016/5185207 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ercan Ozsoy ◽

Abuzer Gunduz ◽

Ersin Ersan Demirel ◽

Tongabay Cumurcu

Keyword(s):

Anterior Chamber ◽

Axial Length ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Control Group ◽

Tilted Disc Syndrome ◽

Chamber Volume ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Tilted Disc

Purpose. To evaluate anterior segment’s structures by Pentacam in patients with tilted disc syndrome (TDS).Methods. Group 1 included forty-six eyes of forty-six patients who have the TDS. Group 2 including forty-six eyes of forty-six cases was the control group which was equal to the study group in age, gender, and refraction. A complete ophthalmic examination was performed in both groups. All cases were evaluated by Pentacam. The axial length (AL) of eyes was measured by ultrasound. Quantitative data obtained from these measurements were compared between two groups.Results. There was no statistically significant difference for age, gender, axial length, and spherical equivalent measurements between two groups (p=0.625,p=0.830,p=0.234, andp=0.850). There was a statistically significant difference for central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal volume (CV), anterior chamber angle (ACA), and pupil size measurements between two groups (p=0.001,p=0.0001,p=0.003, andp=0.001). Also, there was no statistically significant difference for anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber volume (ACV), and lens thickness (LT) measurements between two groups (p=0.130,p=0.910, andp=0.057).Conclusion. We determined that CCT was thinner, CV was less, and ACA was narrower in patients with TDS. There are some changes in the anterior segment of the eyes with tilted disc.

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Angle stability and outflow in excisional ab interno trabeculectomy with active versus passive chamber management

10.7287/peerj.preprints.2762v2 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Chao Wang ◽

Yalong Dang ◽

Susannah Waxman ◽

Xiaobo Xia ◽

Robert N Weinreb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anterior Chamber ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Glaucoma Surgery ◽

Training Model ◽

Training System ◽

Angle Stability ◽

Ab Interno Trabeculectomy ◽

The Right ◽

Ab Interno

Purpose: To compare the intraoperative angle stability and the postoperative outflow of two ab interno trabeculectomy devices that excise the trabecular meshwork. The newer device has an active aspiration and irrigation port while the older requires viscoelastic to maintain the anterior chamber. We hypothesized that anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT) allows quantifying the intraoperative behavior in a microincisional glaucoma surgery (MIGS) pig eye training model. Methods: Twelve freshly enucleated porcine eyes were measured with ASOCT at baseline, at the beginning of the procedure and at its conclusion to determine the anterior chamber depth (ACD) and the nasal angle in degrees. The right and left eye of pairs were randomly assigned 24 to an active dual blade goniectome (aDBG) and a passive dual blade goniectome (pDBG) group, 25 respectively. The aDBG had an irrigation and aspiration port while the pDBG required surgery 26 under viscoelastic. We performed the procedures using our MIGS training system with a 27 standard, motorized ophthalmic operating microscope. We estimated outflow by obtaining 28 canalograms with fluorescent spheres. Results: In aDBG, the nasal angle remained wide open during the procedure at above 90° and 30 did not change towards the end (100±10%, p=0.9). In contrast, in pDBG, ACD decreased by 31 51±19% to 21% below baseline (p<0.01) while the angle progressively narrowed by 40±12% 32 (p<0.001). Canalograms showed a similar extent of access to the outflow tract with the aDBG 33 and the pDBG (p=0.513). The average increase for the aDBG in the superonasal and inferonasal 34 quadrants was between 27 to 31% and for the pDBG between 15 to 18%. Conclusion: ASOCT demonstrated that active irrigation and aspiration improved anterior 36 chamber maintenance and ease of handling with the aDBG in this MIGS training model. The 37 immediate postoperative outflow was equally good with both devices.

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Outcomes of a Foldable Capsular Vitreous Body Implantation: A Retrospective Study

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2021/6575195 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Xiangzhong Xu ◽

Huimin Ge ◽

Jiajun Li ◽

Weihong Shang ◽

Yuke Ji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Anterior Chamber ◽

Ocular Trauma ◽

Silicone Oil ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Vitreous Body ◽

Fundus Photography ◽

Clinical Value

Background. The vitreous body is an important part of the ocular body fluid. A foldable capsular vitreous body (FCVB) is designed to treat chronic adverse complications in severe ocular trauma and silicone oil-dependent eyes. This study is aimed at investigating a method for implanting an FCVB, its postoperative efficacy, and clinical value. Methods. A retrospective analysis was performed on data from 18 patients who underwent vitrectomy and FCVB implantation for severe ocular trauma and silicone oil-dependent eyes between March 2019 and May 2020. All treated eyes underwent clinical examinations involving the best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, FCVB position, anterior segment photography, and wide-angle fundus photography regularly after surgery. Results. Eighteen eyes from 18 patients were enrolled in this study. A total of 2.00–4.20 ( 3.46 ± 0.78 ) ml of silicone oil were injected into the FCVB during surgery. The patients were followed up at 1, 2, and 4 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Twelve months after surgery, visual acuity improved in 7 (38.89%) eyes. In contrast, 10 (55.56%) eyes showed no obvious improvement, and 1 (5.56%) eye had decreased vision. Intraocular pressure at 12 months was 10.13 ± 3.52 mmHg, which was comparable to that before the surgery ( t = 0.38 , P = 0.71 ). The anterior chamber depth examined by slit lamp was 2.00–3.00 cornea thickness (CT) in 7 eyes, 1.00–2.00 CT in 2 eyes, and <1.00 CT in one eye. The anterior chamber disappeared in eight eyes. There were eight eyes with clear cornea, four eyes with localized opacity, and two eyes with obvious gray-white opacity. There was no case of severe FCVB deflection, rupture, or exposure during the observation period. Conclusion. FCVB implantation is an effective and safe treatment for eyes with severe ocular trauma and silicone oil-dependent eyes. It may support retinal reattachment, slow down eyeball atrophy, reduce the risk of chronic adverse complications such as corneal endothelial decompensation, and maintain intraocular pressure and preoperative visual function.

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Quantification of Trabecular-Iris Contact and its Prevalence by Optical Coherence Tomography in a Healthy Caucasian Population

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.5301/ejo.5000919 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 417-422 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

José Ignacio Fernández-Vigo ◽

Lucía De-Pablo-Gómez-De-Liaño ◽

Cristina Fernández-Vigo ◽

Inés Sánchez-Guillén ◽

Enrique Santos-Bueso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Anterior Chamber ◽

Refractive Error ◽

Axial Length ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Fourier Domain ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Cross Sectional

Purpose To determine the prevalence of trabecular-iris contact (TIC) and quantify this contact in healthy Caucasian individuals using Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT). Methods For this cross-sectional study, 2,012 eyes of 1,006 healthy subjects were recruited among individuals undergoing a routine ophthalmologic checkup. In each participant, age, sex, intraocular pressure, and spherical refractive error were first recorded along with anterior chamber depth and volume, central corneal thickness measured with the Pentacam, and axial length with the IOLMaster. Anterior chamber angle variables and the presence of TIC in the horizontal quadrants were determined by anterior segment FD-OCT (RTVue 100®). When TIC was observed, TIC length (TICL) and its percentage in relation to the length of the trabecular meshwork (TICL percentage) were also measured. Results Trabecular-iris contact in the horizontal quadrants was observed in 34 eyes of 25 patients, representing 1.6% of the total number of eyes examined. In this subgroup of individuals, mean age was 55.8 years, 84% were women, and spherical refractive error ranged from -0.25 to 8.25 D. Eyes with TIC showed an angle width of less than 23.2 degrees and axial length shorter than 23.7 mm. Mean TICL was 239 ± 79 μm (103-495 μm) and mean TICL percentage was 46.9% ± 13.9% (17.2%-76.3%). Conclusions The prevalence of TIC was low in this population. Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography emerged as useful to assess its prevalence and quantify the extent of TIC.

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Inter-Observer Reproducibility of Axial Ocular Measurements with Non-contact HAAG-STRAIT Biometer

Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.36351/pjo.v37i3.1239 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Suhail Sarwar ◽

Sehrish Shahid ◽

Muhammad Arslan Ashraf ◽

Shaista Kanwal

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Anterior Chamber ◽

Axial Length ◽

Central Corneal Thickness ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Excellent Correlation ◽

Interclass Correlation ◽

The Mean

Purpose: To check inter observer reproducibility of axial ocular measurements i.e. central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), aqueous depth (AD), lens thickness (LT), anterior segment lens (ASL), vitreous length (VL) and axial length (AL) with non-contact HAAG-STRAIT biometer. Study Design: Comparative Reproducibility Analysis. Place and Duration of Study: College of ophthalmology and allied vision sciences (COAVS), Mayo Hospital, Lahore. Methods: This study included 66 healthy students (132 eyes). Data was collected through self-designed proforma by 2 operators independently. SPSS 21 was used for data analysis. Interclass correlation was applied for agreement between the two readings. Interclass coefficient (ICC) value greater than 0.7 was considered as excellent correlation. Results: The mean CCT, AD, ACD, LT, ASL, VL, and AL were 526.47 ± 35.72 µm and 526.47 ± 36.06 µm (ICC = 0.92); 2.93 ± 0.29 mm and 2.93 ± 0.29 mm (ICC = 0.81); 3.45 ± 0.30 mm and 3.46 ± 0.30 mm (ICC = 0.79); 3.58 ± 0.28 mm and 3.56 ± 0.22 mm (ICC = 0.76); 7.03 ± 0.30 mm and 7.02 ± 0.27 mm (ICC = 0.80); 16.56 ± 0.85 mm and 16.62 ± 0.81 mm (ICC = 0.72); and 23.59 ± 0.85 mm and 23.64 ± 0.87 mm (ICC: 0.76) of observer 1 and 2, respectively. Conclusion: Non-contact Biometer (HAAG-STRAIT) has high inter-observer reproducibility with strong interclass coefficient of greater than 0.72. Key Words: Biometry, Axial Length, Central Corneal Thickness, Anterior Chamber Depth.

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Chronological changes of the anterior chamber structure, axial length, and refraction in patients with Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/1120672120902037 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 112067212090203

Author(s):

Tetsuya Muto ◽

Shigeki Machida

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Anterior Chamber ◽

Axial Length ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Pulse Treatment ◽

Spherical Equivalent ◽

Foveal Thickness ◽

Steroid Pulse ◽

Corrected Visual Acuity ◽

Best Corrected Visual Acuity

Purpose: To clarify the chronological changes in the anterior chamber structure and identify the spherical equivalent and axial length to assess the effects of steroid pulse treatment in patients with Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease with active uveitis. Methods: The anterior chamber condition, including anterior chamber volume, central anterior chamber depth, peripheral anterior chamber depth, anterior chamber angle, and pupil diameter, was measured using Pentacam, and axial length was measured using IOLMaster in patients with Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease between June 2015 and February 2018. Furthermore, the best-corrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent, and retinal foveola thickness were also analyzed. All patients were treated with steroid pulse. All these factors were compared before and at 1 and 6 months of treatment. Results: Significant changes were observed in the anterior chamber volume, central anterior chamber depth, peripheral anterior chamber depth, anterior chamber angle, axial length, best-corrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent, and retinal foveal thickness before and at 1 and 6 months of steroid pulse treatment ( P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.0015, P = 0.027, P < 0.001, P = 0.0043, and P < 0.001, respectively). No significant difference was observed in the pupil diameter before and at 1 month and 6 months of steroid pulse treatment ( P = 0.11). Conclusion: The anterior chamber structure, axial length, best-corrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent, and retinal foveal thickness were dramatically changed by steroid pulse treatment in patients with Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease who develop active uveitis. These changes were completed within 1 month.

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Angle stability and outflow in excisional ab interno trabeculectomy with active versus passive chamber management

10.7287/peerj.preprints.2762 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Chao Wang ◽

Yalong Dang ◽

Susannah Waxman ◽

Xiaobo Xia ◽

Robert N Weinreb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anterior Chamber ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Glaucoma Surgery ◽

Training Model ◽

Training System ◽

Angle Stability ◽

Ab Interno Trabeculectomy ◽

The Right ◽

Ab Interno

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Refractive Error Induced by Intraocular Lens Tilt After Intrascleral Intraocular Lens Fixation

10.21203/rs.3.rs-192757/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

TERUAKI TOKUHISA ◽

TOMOYUKI WATANABE ◽

AKIRA WATANABE ◽

TADASHI NAKANO

Keyword(s):

Anterior Chamber ◽

Intraocular Lens ◽

Refractive Error ◽

Axial Length ◽

Optical Design ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Design Program ◽

Department Of Ophthalmology ◽

Postoperative Anterior Chamber Depth

Abstract Purpose To investigate the spherical shift of Intraocular lens (IOL) tilt after intrascleral fixationMethods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent flanged intrascleral IOL fixation with transconjunctival 25- or 27-gauge pars plana vitrectomy at the Department of Ophthalmology of Jikei University Hospital with a minimum follow-up duration of three months. Second-generation anterior segment optical coherence tomography (CASIA2; TOMEY) was used to obtain the tilt and decentration of intrasclerally fixated IOL and postoperative anterior chamber depth. We investigated the relationship of the refractive error with these parameters, axial length, and keratometry. In addition to the clinical investigation, we performed optical simulations using the Zemax optical design program for studying the spherical shift of the IOL tilt by means of the through-focus response and change of spherical equivalent power.Results The study involved 72 eyes of 67 patients. The degree of IOL tilt was correlated with the amount of refractive error (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient [CC] = −0.32; P = 0.006). In particular, a tilt angle greater than 10° strongly influenced the refractive error. Postoperative anterior chamber depth also correlated with the refractive error (CC = 0.50; P < 0.001). The refractive error did not correlate with decentration (CC = −0.17; P = 0.15), axial length (CC = −0.08; P = 0.49), and keratometry (CC = −0.06; P =0.64). Optical simulations using the Zemax optical design program also showed a myopic shift exponentially as the tilt becomes greater. Conclusion An IOL tilt greater than 10 ° induces refractive error.

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