scholarly journals Soft tissue myoepithelial carcinoma

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zorica Stojsic ◽  
Dimitrije Brasanac ◽  
Dragoljub Bacetic ◽  
Radmila Jankovic ◽  
Neda Drndarevic
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Myoepithelial Carcinoma ◽  
Cytologic Atypia ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Myxoid Matrix ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Background. Myoepitheliomas are tumors composed predominantly or exclusively of myoepithelial cells, usually arising in salivary glands. Cutaneous/soft tissue localization is very rare, especially for the malignant myoepitheliomas. Case report. We presented a case of myoepithelial carcinoma involving subcutaneous adipose tissue of the left forearm in a woman aged 62 years. The tumor was composed of epithelioid and hyaline cell types, arranged in diffuse sheets, nests and loose clusters within hyalinized and myxoid matrix. The neoplasm displayed high-grade cytologic atypia with some cells having pleomorphic, hyperchromatic nuclei, and others showing vesicular nuclei, large nucleoli with scattered bizarre giant cells. High mean mitotic count of 7 mitoses/10 high power fields and extensive necrosis favored the diagnosis of malignancy. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for cytokeratin (AE1/AE3), epithelial membrane antigen, S-100 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and vimentin. Conclusion. Considering the subcutaneous localization, myoepithelial immunophenotype and high-grade cytologic atypia the neoplasm was classified as a soft-tissue myoepithelial carcinoma.

scholarly journals Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma of the Salivary Gland

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-37
Author(s):  
Jose M. Carnate ◽  
José Florencio F. Lapeña
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
World Health ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Myoepithelial Carcinoma ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Grade Malignancy ◽  
Epithelial Myoepithelial Carcinoma ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization  (2005) defines an epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) as a malignancy composed of two cell types that typically form duct-like structures.1 We present herein an archival case from the parotid gland.   EMC occurs primarily in the major salivary glands particularly in the parotid where it presents as a painless, slow-growing mass.1  Microscopic examination shows bi-layered tubular duct-like structures with pale to clear areas (Figure 1). The inner luminal layer is composed of cuboidal cells that are of epithelial derivation while the outer layer is composed  of polygonal cells that are of myoepithelial derivation (Figures 2 and 3). The latter typically have abundant clear cytoplasm.1,2 The  epithelial-myoepithelial  dualism is confirmed using immunohistochemical  stains; the epithelial cells being immunoreactive  for low molecular weight keratin and the myoepithelial cells for S-100 protein, muscle specific actin, vimentin and p63.1, 3   EMC is primarily a tumor of adulthood with peak incidence in the sixth and seventh decades. First described by Donath et al. in 1972,3   they are rare salivary gland neoplasms with an incidence of less than 1% arising mainly in the parotid gland4   although they have been documented in the lungs.5  Perineural and vascular invasion are frequent and recurrence occurs in around 40% of cases and metastasis in 14%.1 Although thought to be of low-grade malignancy, fatal courses have been described4  and “analysis of the various series have demonstrated that tumors with a solid growing pattern, nuclear atypia, DNA aneuploidy and high proliferative activity, generally have a more aggressive behavior and a higher frequency of local recurrences and metastases.”3

Immunohistochemical Identification of Myoepithelial, Epithelial, and Connective Tissue Cells in Canine Mammary Tumors

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Destexhe ◽  
L. Lespagnard ◽  
M. Degeyter ◽  
R. Heymann ◽  
F. Coignoul
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Mammary Tumors ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Pleomorphic Carcinoma ◽  
Resting Cells ◽  
Canine Mammary Tumors ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Tissue Cells

Fifty-eight formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded canine mammary tumors, 19 malignant and 39 benign, were used in this study. Tumors were obtained from dogs submitted for surgical resection of lesions at private veterinary practices in Brussels or from the surgery unit of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège. Immunohistochemical evaluation was performed, using monoclonal antibodies directed against keratins 8–18 and 19, vimentin, desmin, and α-actin and polyclonal antibodies directed against high-molecular-weight keratins and S-100 protein. The main cell types, epithelial, myoepithelial, and connective, were identified, and myoepithelial cells represented the major component of most tumors, both benign and malignant. Myoepithelial cells had five patterns: resting and proliferative suprabasal cells, spindle and star-shaped interstitial cells, and cartilage. Reactivity to keratin 19, vimentin, α-actin, and S-100 protein suggested a progressive transformation from resting cells to cartilage. Epithelial cell reactivities were limited to keratins; only keratinized cells were positive for polyclonal keratins. Myofibroblasts were positive for both vimentin and α-actin, and connective tissue cells were positive for vimentin. Myoepithelial cells appeared to be the major component of carcinomas, justifying reevaluation and simplification of histomorphologic classifications, with a “pleomorphic carcinoma” group including all carcinomas except squamous, mucinous, and comedo carcinomas. Immunohistochemical evaluation, in addition to routine hematoxylin and eosin histopathologic evaluation is recommended for precise classification of canine mammary tumors.

scholarly journals A Case of Myxofibrosarcoma in an Unusual Thoracic Location

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavitha Gopalratnam ◽  
Jose A. Rodriguez ◽  
Kevin A. Woodson ◽  
Robert Folman
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
English Language ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Soft Tissue Neoplasm ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Rare Site ◽  
Myxoid Matrix ◽  
Language Literature

Myxofibrosarcoma is a soft tissue neoplasm composed of malignant fibroblasts with a myxoid matrix. It is commonly found in patients during their 6th through 8th decades of life with a slight male predominance. Myxofibrosarcomas are classified as low- to high-grade tumors that are differentiated by hypercellularity, variation of mitotic activity and degree of necrosis. The most common sites are the extremities (77%) and trunk (12%), with the retroperitoneum and mediastinum being very rare. In this case report, we describe a patient presenting with myxofibrosarcoma of the mediastinum, a rare site for the development of myxofibrosarcoma. This case of primary mediastinal myxofibrosarcoma appears to be only the second described in the English-language literature.

Myxofibrosarcoma: clinical and prognostic value of MRI features

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Spinnato ◽  
Andrea Sambri ◽  
Tomohiro Fujiwara ◽  
Luca Ceccarelli ◽  
Roberta Clinca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Local Recurrence ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Mri Features

: Myxofibrosarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas in the elderly. It is characterized by an extremely high rate of local recurrence, higher than other soft tissue tumors, and a relatively low risk of distant metastases.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the imaging modality of choice for the assessment of myxofibrosarcoma and plays a key role in the preoperative setting of these patients.MRI features associated with high risk of local recurrence are: high myxoid matrix content (water-like appearance of the lesions), high grade of contrast enhancement, presence of an infiltrative pattern (“tail sign”). On the other hand, MRI features associated with worse sarcoma specific survival are: large size of the lesion, deep location, high grade of contrast enhancement. Recognizing the above-mentioned imaging features of myxofibrosarcoma may be helpful to stratify the risk for local recurrence and disease-specific survival. Moreover, the surgical planning should be adjusted according to the MRI features

Functional and psychosocial effects of multimodality limb-sparing therapy in patients with soft tissue sarcomas.

1989 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1217-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
A E Chang ◽  
S M Steinberg ◽  
M Culnane ◽  
M H Lampert ◽  
A J Reggia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Postoperative Radiation ◽  
Limb Function ◽  
Postoperative Radiation Therapy ◽  
Global Quality Of Life

We have documented functional and psychosocial changes in patients with extremity soft tissue sarcomas who have undergone multimodality limb-sparing treatments. In 88 patients, parameters related to economic status, sexual activity, pain, limb function, and global quality of life (QOL) were recorded prior to surgery and every 6 months postoperatively. Changes from the preoperative assessment for every parameter were analyzed in each patient. Six months after surgery, there was a decrease in employment status, sexual activity, and in limb function in a significant number of patients. At 12 months, these decreases were still evident. Despite these changes, global QOL measured by a standardized test showed at least some improvement in a significant proportion of patients at 12 months. These findings highlight the difficulty in defining QOL. It could not be ascertained if radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy were causative factors in specific changes because of the small numbers of patients in each subgroup. However, among 60 patients with high-grade sarcomas, significant wound problems developed in 10 of 33 who received postoperative radiation therapy in combination with adjuvant doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy compared with one of 27 patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy alone (P = .016). Also, among high-grade sarcoma patients with 12-month follow-up, six of 19 patients who received radiation therapy and chemotherapy developed joint contractures compared with zero of 15 patients who received chemotherapy alone (P less than .04). The combination of postoperative radiation therapy and chemotherapy appeared to be associated with significantly more tissue-related injury in patients with high-grade sarcomas compared with chemotherapy alone.

Hepatic Myoepithelial Carcinoma in a Dog: Immunohistochemical Comparison With Other Canine Hepatic Carcinomas

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 889-894
Author(s):  
Yuka Tsuji ◽  
Mizuki Kuramochi ◽  
Takeshi Izawa ◽  
Hideo Akiyoshi ◽  
Jyoji Yamate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Left Lobe ◽  
Myoepithelial Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatic Tumors ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Hepatic Carcinoma ◽  
Neoplastic Cells ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies ◽  
Vacuolated Cytoplasm

An 11-year-old female miniature Dachshund dog presented with a solid, soft, gray mass on the hepatic lateral left lobe. Histologically, the mass consisted of neoplastic proliferation of cells with round nuclei and eosinophilic and vacuolated cytoplasm arranged in alveolar, trabecular, and solid patterns. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive for pancytokeratin (CK AE1/AE3), CK5, CK14, vimentin, Sox9, and myoepithelial markers (α–smooth muscle actin, p63, and calponin). The morphological and immunohistochemical findings indicated a diagnosis of myoepithelial carcinoma. We conducted immunohistochemical studies on other representative canine hepatic tumors. Although the myoepithelial phenotype was not observed in the hepatocellular carcinoma, some tumor cells in cholangiocarcinoma showed immunohistochemical features of myoepithelium, suggesting that some neoplastic cells in cholangiocarcinoma may have the potential to differentiate into myoepithelial cells. To our knowledge, this is the first report in veterinary medicine of a hepatic carcinoma with a myoepithelial phenotype.

scholarly journals High-Grade Extremity Soft Tissue Sarcomas

2003 ◽  
Vol 237 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz C. Eilber ◽  
Gerald Rosen ◽  
Scott D. Nelson ◽  
Michael Selch ◽  
Frederick Dorey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
High Grade
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