Immunohistochemical Identification of Myoepithelial, Epithelial, and Connective Tissue Cells in Canine Mammary Tumors

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Destexhe ◽  
L. Lespagnard ◽  
M. Degeyter ◽  
R. Heymann ◽  
F. Coignoul
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Mammary Tumors ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Pleomorphic Carcinoma ◽  
Resting Cells ◽  
Canine Mammary Tumors ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Tissue Cells

Fifty-eight formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded canine mammary tumors, 19 malignant and 39 benign, were used in this study. Tumors were obtained from dogs submitted for surgical resection of lesions at private veterinary practices in Brussels or from the surgery unit of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège. Immunohistochemical evaluation was performed, using monoclonal antibodies directed against keratins 8–18 and 19, vimentin, desmin, and α-actin and polyclonal antibodies directed against high-molecular-weight keratins and S-100 protein. The main cell types, epithelial, myoepithelial, and connective, were identified, and myoepithelial cells represented the major component of most tumors, both benign and malignant. Myoepithelial cells had five patterns: resting and proliferative suprabasal cells, spindle and star-shaped interstitial cells, and cartilage. Reactivity to keratin 19, vimentin, α-actin, and S-100 protein suggested a progressive transformation from resting cells to cartilage. Epithelial cell reactivities were limited to keratins; only keratinized cells were positive for polyclonal keratins. Myofibroblasts were positive for both vimentin and α-actin, and connective tissue cells were positive for vimentin. Myoepithelial cells appeared to be the major component of carcinomas, justifying reevaluation and simplification of histomorphologic classifications, with a “pleomorphic carcinoma” group including all carcinomas except squamous, mucinous, and comedo carcinomas. Immunohistochemical evaluation, in addition to routine hematoxylin and eosin histopathologic evaluation is recommended for precise classification of canine mammary tumors.

scholarly journals Soft tissue myoepithelial carcinoma

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zorica Stojsic ◽  
Dimitrije Brasanac ◽  
Dragoljub Bacetic ◽  
Radmila Jankovic ◽  
Neda Drndarevic
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Myoepithelial Carcinoma ◽  
Cytologic Atypia ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Myxoid Matrix ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Background. Myoepitheliomas are tumors composed predominantly or exclusively of myoepithelial cells, usually arising in salivary glands. Cutaneous/soft tissue localization is very rare, especially for the malignant myoepitheliomas. Case report. We presented a case of myoepithelial carcinoma involving subcutaneous adipose tissue of the left forearm in a woman aged 62 years. The tumor was composed of epithelioid and hyaline cell types, arranged in diffuse sheets, nests and loose clusters within hyalinized and myxoid matrix. The neoplasm displayed high-grade cytologic atypia with some cells having pleomorphic, hyperchromatic nuclei, and others showing vesicular nuclei, large nucleoli with scattered bizarre giant cells. High mean mitotic count of 7 mitoses/10 high power fields and extensive necrosis favored the diagnosis of malignancy. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for cytokeratin (AE1/AE3), epithelial membrane antigen, S-100 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and vimentin. Conclusion. Considering the subcutaneous localization, myoepithelial immunophenotype and high-grade cytologic atypia the neoplasm was classified as a soft-tissue myoepithelial carcinoma.

scholarly journals Immunocytochemical identification of myoepithelial cells in normal and neoplastic rat mammary glands with the lectins Griffonia simplicifolia-1 and pokeweed mitogen.

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 1633-1645 ◽  
Author(s):  
C M Hughes ◽  
P S Rudland
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Mammary Tumors ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Pokeweed Mitogen ◽  
Griffonia Simplicifolia ◽  
Stem Cell Lines ◽  
Extracellular Structures

Peroxidase-conjugated Griffonia simplicifolia-1 (GS-1) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) histochemically stain only the myoepithelial cells and not the epithelial or fibroblastic cells of rat mammary glands preserved in methacarn or glutaraldehyde and embedded in paraffin. This pattern of staining occurs in other rat exocrine glands except the pancreas, but is the reverse of that seen in most lining epithelium. The histochemical binding of GS-1 and PWM to myoepithelial cells is inhibited specifically by D-galactose and by polymers of N-acetylglucosamine, respectively. GS-1 and its subcomponent, GS-1-B4, also bind to extracellular structures similar to those stained by anti-laminin serum. At the ultrastructural level, both conjugated GS-1 and PWM bind to the plasma membrane of the myoepithelial cells, as well as to the adjacent basement membrane. Non-metastasizing rat mammary tumors produced by dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, by derivative epithelial stem-cell lines, and by a transplantable tumor all contain more elongated myoepithelium-like cells as well as cuboidal epithelium-like cells; both cell types are neoplastic. The more elongated myoepithelium-like cells are stained by GS-1 and PWM, whereas the cuboidal epithelium-like cells are unstained. Moderately and strongly metastatic rat mammary tumors produced by epithelial cell lines and by transplantable tumors, respectively, contain no such neoplastic cells that bind either lectin. We suggest that the carbohydrate receptors for GS-1 and PWM are consistent markers for the presence of the myoepithelial cell in normal and tumorous rat mammary glands.

scholarly journals Identification of bipotent progenitors that give rise to myogenic and connective tissues in mouse

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Grimaldi ◽  
Glenda Evangelina Comai ◽  
Sebastien Mella ◽  
Shahragim Tajbakhsh
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Distinct Cell ◽  
Dorsal Portion ◽  
Tissue Cells ◽  
Identity Shifts

How distinct cell fates are manifested by direct lineage ancestry from bipotent progenitors, or by specification of individual cell types within a field of cells is a key question for understanding the emergence of tissues. The interplay between skeletal muscle progenitors and associated connective tissues cells provides a model for examining how muscle functional units are established. Most craniofacial structures originate from the vertebrate-specific neural crest cells except in the dorsal portion of the head, where they arise from cranial mesoderm. Here, using multiple lineage-traced single cell RNAseq, advanced computational methods and in situ analyses, we identify Myf5+ bipotent progenitors that give rise to both muscle and juxtaposed connective tissue. Following this bifurcation, muscle and connective tissue cells retain complementary signalling features and maintain spatial proximity. Interruption of upstream myogenic identity shifts muscle progenitors to a connective tissue fate. Interestingly, Myf5-derived connective tissue cells, which adopt a novel regulatory signature, were not observed in ventral craniofacial structures that are colonised by neural crest cells. Therefore, we propose that an ancestral program gives rise to bifated muscle and connective tissue cells in skeletal muscles that are deprived of neural crest.

scholarly journals Cell Surfaces and Fibre Relationships in Sympathetic Ganglion Cultures: A Scanning Electron-Microscopic Study

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 657-669
Author(s):  
CARYL E. HILL ◽  
JULIE H. CHAMLEY ◽  
G. BURNSTOCK
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Sympathetic Ganglia ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tissue Cells ◽  
Scanning Electron

Sympathetic ganglia from newborn rats and guinea-pigs were grown in modified Rose chambers and examined with scanning electron microscopy after 5-7 days. The cell types seen were macrophages, neurons, glial cells and connective tissue cells. They presented a wide range of surface morphologies and 3-dimensional configurations, from spheroid with an irregular surface to flattened with a smooth surface. The arrangement of the nerve fibres and cells in the outgrowth was essentially 2-layered with connective tissue cells nearest the substrate and nerve fibres, glial cells and macrophages lying over them. The relationships of sympathetic nerve fibres to the different cell types were also investigated. In all cases nerve fibres closely followed the cellular surface contours although the nature of the relationships varied. Fine finger-like cytoplasmic projections were sometimes seen from connective tissue cells and macrophages. The possible role of these structures in adhesion and motility is discussed.

scholarly journals Co-localization of Chondromodulin-I (ChM-I) and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-6 (BMP-6) in Myoepithelial Cells of Canine Mammary Tumors

2005 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 1097-1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi KAWABATA ◽  
Kumiko OKANO ◽  
Kazuyuki UCHIDA ◽  
Ryoji YAMAGUCHI ◽  
Toshiharu HAYASHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Mammary Tumors ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Canine Mammary Tumors ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6

scholarly journals Acid Mucopolysaccharides in Mammary Tumors of Dogs

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Palmer ◽  
A. W. Monlux
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
Mammary Tumors ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Fibrous Connective Tissue ◽  
Intercellular Matrix ◽  
Acid Mucopolysaccharides ◽  
Mesodermal Origin

The predominant acid mucopolysaccharides found in selected epithelial mammary tumors of dogs stained with alcian blue and were labile to hyaluronidase digestion. These histochemical characteristics identified them as hyaluronic acid, chondroitin-4- and chondroitin-6-sulfate. The intensity of the staining of these acid mucopolysaccharides varied in a transitionary process from a precartilaginous to a pseudocartilaginous intercellular matrix to mature hyaline cartilage. The tumor acid mucopolysaccharides were indistinguishable from those associated with formation of cartilage in developing mammals; such cartilage is reported to be produced only by cells of mesodermal origin. There was no evidence to suggest transitional changes in myoepithelial cells, neoplastic epithelial cells or their components that could contribute to the formation of the acid mucopolysaccharides. It was concluded that the heterotopic tissues (cartilage, bone and fibrous connective tissue) in the epithelial mammary tumors were derived from cells of mesodermal orgin and formed the adjacent stroma in areas of neoplasia.

scholarly journals The Expression of Selected Factors Related to T Lymphocyte Activity in Canine Mammary Tumors

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2292
Author(s):  
Joanna K. Bujak ◽  
Iwona M. Szopa ◽  
Rafał Pingwara ◽  
Olga Kruczyk ◽  
Natalia Krzemińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Mammary Tumors ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Metastatic Tumors ◽  
Canine Mammary Tumors ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Th17 Lymphocytes ◽  
Progression Of Disease ◽  
Lymphocyte Activity

Crosstalk between neoplastic and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) influences the progression of disease in human and canine cancer patients. Given that canine mammary tumors are a useful model to study breast cancer biology, we aimed to evaluate the expression of genes associated with T lymphocyte activity in benign, malignant, and metastatic canine mammary tumors. Interestingly, metastatic tumors exhibit increased expression of CXCR3, CCR2, IL-4, IL-12p40, and IL-17. In particular, we focused on IL-17, a key interleukin associated with the Th17 lymphocyte phenotype. Th17 cells have been shown to play a contradictory role in tumor immunity. Although IL-17 showed a high expression in the metastatic tumors, the expression of RORγt, a crucial transcription factor for Th17 differentiation was barely detected. We further investigated IL-17 expression using immunohistochemistry, through which we confirmed the increased expression of this interleukin in malignant and metastatic mammary tumors. Finally, we compared the plasma levels of IL-17 in healthy and malignant mammary tumor-bearing dogs using ELISA but found no differences between the groups. Our data indicate that the IL-17 in metastatic tumors may be produced by other cell types, but not by Th17 lymphocytes. Overall, our results broaden the available knowledge on the interactions in canine mammary tumors and provide insight into the development of new therapeutic strategies, with potential benefits for human immune oncology.

scholarly journals The Expression of Intermediate Filaments in Canine Mammary Glands and Their Tumors

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 420-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hellmén ◽  
A. Lindgren
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Filaments ◽  
Lobular Carcinoma ◽  
Mammary Tumors ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Malignant Schwannoma ◽  
Canine Mammary Tumors ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Malignant Mixed Tumor ◽  
Mixed Tumors

Monoclonal antibodies specific for different types of intermediate filaments (cytokeratin, vimentin, desmin and neurofilaments) were used to study the histogenesis of canine mammary glands and 57 canine mammary tumors by immunocytochemistry. The intra- and interlobular duct epithelium, acinar, and intralobular myoepithelial cells stained positively for cytokeratin. Peripheral ductal and acinar cells, as well as interstitial cells, stained positively for vimentin. A similar staining pattern was seen in adenomas, complex adenomas, benign mixed tumors, ductular carcinomas, and one myoepithelioma-like tumor. Additionally, cytokeratin positive cells were scattered interstitially in one single adenoma, most complex adenomas, some benign mixed tumors, complex carcinomas, and in the malignant mixed tumors. All stromal cells stained positively for vimentin. The fibrosarcomas were positive only for vimentin, while the following expressed both desmin and cytokeratin: epithelial-like cells in one adenoma, three complex adenomas, the myoepithelioma-like tumor, the single comedo carcinoma, two complex carcinomas, the single lobular carcinoma, one malignant mixed tumor, and three osteosarcomas. Epithelial-like cells in one adenoma, six complex adenomas, two benign mixed tumors, two complex carcinomas, the lobular carcinoma, and the malignant schwannoma stained for neurofilaments. Three tumors, one adenoma, one complex adenoma, and the lobular carcinoma expressed both desmin and neurofilaments in addition to cytokeratin and vimentin. The results show the expression of different types of intermediate filaments and indicate that there might be a stem cell origin in most of the canine mammary tumors.

scholarly journals Classification of Epithelial Canine Mammary Tumors in a Defined Population

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Monlux ◽  
J. F. Roszel ◽  
D. W. MacVean ◽  
T. W. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Metaplasia ◽  
Neoplastic Transformation ◽  
Mammary Tumors ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Canine Mammary Tumors ◽  
Canine Population ◽  
Ductal Carcinomas ◽  
Squamous Cell Papilloma

Ductal carcinomas accounted for nearly all metastases seen in epithelial canine mammary tumors submitted to the Tulsa Registry of Canine and Feline Neoplasms in a 4-year period from a defined canine population. Lobular and squamous cell carcinomas were the only other metastatic carcinomas seen. Early ductal carcinoma was used to indicate nonmetastatic ductal carcinoma with a favorable post-surgical prognosis. Benign epithelial tumors were categorized as adenoma, ductal papilloma and squamous cell papilloma. Progressive transformation of well defined adenomas and papillomas to carcinoma was not evident in histologic preparations. Squamous metaplasia was seen in many ductal papillomas and ductal carcinomas. Inclusion of pseudocartilage and pseudoosteoid and osteoid, cartilage and bone with ductal carcinomas, adenomas and ductal papillomas seemed related to secretions escaping from neoplastic epithelial cells into stroma or between proliferating tumor cells. There was proliferation and perhaps even neoplastic transformation of myoepithelial cells in some of these tumors. Changes in myoepithelium, however, appeared to be secondary to neoplastic transformation of epithelium. Bone and cartilage in these tumors were considered heterotopic with no neoplastic potential.

Immunohistochemical Localization of Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein in Canine Mammary Tumors

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Okada ◽  
Y. Nishijima ◽  
T. Yoshino ◽  
A. Gröne ◽  
C. C. Capen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Mammary Tumors ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone Related Protein ◽  
Canine Mammary Tumors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mammary Tissues

Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) was localized immunohistochemically in 58 canine mammary tumors (31 malignant, 27 benign) and adjacent normal or hyperplastic mammary tissue. PTHrP immunoreactivity was significantly enhanced by pretreatment with microwave heating in normal and neoplastic tissues. Epithelial cells of hyperplastic and neoplastic mammary tissues, myoepithelial cells, and metaplastic osteoblasts in mammary tumors stained moderately to strongly positive for PTHrP. No significant difference between staining intensity for PTHrP and histologic pattern of mammary tumors was found. The presence of PTHrP in normal and neoplastic canine mammary tissues supports a pathophysiological role for PTHrP as a paracrine or autocrine hormone in the mammary gland.

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