Chicanas in White-Collar Jobs: “You Have to Prove Yourself More”

1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise A. Segura
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
White Collar ◽  
Ethnic Discrimination ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
White Collar Workers ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Depth Interviews

Using the theoretical perspective originally developed by West and Zimmerman (1987)—wherein gender is viewed as a dynamic, interactional accomplishment rather than a categorical status, this article explores how both gender and race-ethnicity are reinforced and affirmed among 152 selected Chicana white-collar workers in a major public university. Based on results from a 1989–1990 mail survey and in-depth interviews with 35 randomly-selected respondents, I find that the tasks performed in the workplace, sex-and-race/ethnic discrimination and harassment, and the female-associated tasks Chicanas continue to do at home, all intensify their accomplishment of gender as well as reinforce occupational segregation by gender and gender-race/ethnicity. Moreover, Chicanas' attachment to family is linked ideologically to the survival of the Chicano culture, rendering their accomplishment of gender an overt act of racial-ethnic and cultural politics. This particular finding may well be a neglected truth in many women's lives.

scholarly journals Balancing Research and Service in Academia: Gender, Race, and Laboratory Tasks

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candace Miller ◽  
Josipa Roksa
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
White Men ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Gender And Race ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Gendered Organizations ◽  
Minority Men ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Depth Interviews

Our study highlights specific ways in which race and gender create inequality in the workplace. Using in-depth interviews with 67 biology PhD students, we show how engagement with research and service varies by both gender and race. By considering the intersection between gender and race, we find not only that women biology graduate students do more service than men, but also that racial and ethnic minority men do more service than white men. White men benefit from a combination of racial and gender privilege, which places them in the most advantaged position with respect to protected research time and opportunities to build collaborations and networks beyond their labs. Racial/ethnic minority women emerge as uniquely disadvantaged in terms of their experiences relative to other groups. These findings illuminate how gendered organizations are also racialized, producing distinct experiences for women and men from different racial groups, and thus contribute to theorizing the intersectional nature of inequality in the workplace.

Impact of patient-provider race/ethnicity and gender concordance on cancer screening: Findings from medical expenditure panel survey.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1547-1547
Author(s):  
Jyoti Malhotra ◽  
David Rotter ◽  
Jennifer Tsui ◽  
Adana Llanos ◽  
Bijal A Balasubramanian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Medical Expenditure Panel Survey ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Gender Concordance ◽  
Screening Adherence ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender ◽  
Racial Ethnic

1547 Background: Racial/ethnic minority groups experience lower rates of cancer screening compared to non-Hispanic (NH) whites. Previous studies evaluating the role of patient-provider race/ethnicity and gender concordance in cancer screening have been inconclusive. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 18,690 patient-provider pairs using the 2003-2010 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data. We assessed association between patient-provider race/ethnicity and gender concordance and, screening adherence for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer using American Cancer Society guidelines. Separate multivariable logistic regression adjusting for demographics, self-reported health and MEPS survey year were conducted to examine relationships of interest. Results: Seventy percent of patients were NH-white, 15% were NH-black and 15% were Hispanic. Patients adherent to cancer screening were more likely to be non-Hispanic, better educated, married, wealthier, and privately insured. Among NH-black and NH-whites, patient-provider racial/ethnic concordance was not associated with screening adherence. Among Hispanics, patient-provider racial/ethnic discordant pairs had higher colorectal cancer screening rates as compared to concordant pairs (OR 1.48; 95% CI 1.28-1.71). This association was significant even on adjusting for gender concordance and survey language (English vs. Spanish). Conversely, patient-provider gender discordance was associated with lower rates of breast (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.74-0.89), cervical (OR 0.79; 95% CI 0.72-0.87) and colorectal cancer (OR 0.86; 95% CI 0.80-0.93) screening adherence in all patients. This association was also significant on restricting analysis to racial/ethnic concordant pairs. Conclusions: Patient-provider gender concordance positively impacts adherence to cancer screening and this finding may guide future interventions. Patient-provider racial/ethnic concordance is not associated with screening adherence among whites and blacks but Hispanic patients seen by Hispanic providers have lower colorectal cancer screening rates. This counter-intuitive finding requires further study.

scholarly journals Islam, HAM, dan Diskriminasi: Reinterpretasi Hadis-Hadis Kepemimpinan secara Kontekstual

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Muhammad Syachrofi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Ethnic Discrimination ◽  
Contextual Approach ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Islamic View

This paper discusses one of the humanitarian problems that still often occurs today, discrimination. Discrimination is not only contrary to human rights but also contrary to the Islamic view which is raḥmah fī al-‘ālamīn. But, in fact, Islam is always suspected as a religion that teaches various forms of discriminatory treatment. The accusation is based on Islamic religious texts which narratively teach discrimination. I find that there are two hadiths that are discriminatory about electing leaders. The first hadith is about having to elect a leader from the Quraysh clan. The second hadith is about the prohibition for women to be a leader. Textually, these hadiths are quite problematic because they contain the narration of racial-ethnic discrimination and gender discrimination. Therefore, in this article, I attempt to reinterpret these hadiths by using a contextual approach by analyzing the language and socio-historical context. My conclusion is that these hadiths were stated by the Prophet Muhammad in temporary cases. Substantially, these hadiths contain the significances that are relevant today.

scholarly journals Racial/Ethnic Disparities in US Adolescents’ Dietary Quality and Its Modification by Weight-Related Factors and Physical Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Furong Xu ◽  
Steven A. Cohen ◽  
Mary L. Greaney ◽  
Disa L. Hatfield ◽  
Geoffrey W. Greene
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Hispanic Males ◽  
Hispanic Females ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Racial Ethnic

There are well-known disparities in the prevalence of obesity across racial-ethnic groups, although the behavioral and psychological factors driving these disparities are less well understood. Therefore, the objectives of this study were: (1) to examine differences in dietary quality by race/ethnicity and weight-related variables [body mass index (BMI), weight loss attempt, and weight dissatisfaction] and physical activity (PA) using the Health Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015); and (2) to investigate the interactions and independent associations of race/ethnicity, weight-related variables and PA on dietary quality. Data for adolescents aged 12–19 years (n = 3373) were abstracted from the 2007–2014 National Health and Nutrition and Examination Survey and analyzed using multiple PROC SURVEYREG, adjusting for demographics and accounting for complex sampling. Analyses determined that Hispanic males had better overall HEI-2015 scores than non-Hispanic whites (48.4 ± 0.5 vs. 45.7 ± 0.6, p = 0.003) or blacks (48.4 ± 0.5 vs. 45.5 ± 0.5, p < 0.001). Hispanic females also had better dietary quality than non-Hispanic whites (50.2 ± 0.4 vs. 47.5 ± 0.5, p < 0.001) and blacks (50.2 ± 0.4 vs. 47.1 ± 0.5, p < 0.001). Meeting the PA recommendation modified racial/ethnic differences in dietary quality for females (p = 0.011) and this was primarily driven by the associations among non-Hispanic white females (ΔR2 = 2.6%, p = 0.0004). The study identified racial/ethnic and gender differences among adolescents in factors that may promote obesity. Results may be useful for obesity prevention efforts designed to reduce health disparities in adolescents.

Race, Gender, and Statistical Representation: Predatory Mortgage Lending and the US Community Reinvestment Movement

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 2139-2166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvin K Wyly ◽  
Mona Atia ◽  
Elizabeth Lee ◽  
Pablo Mendez
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Mortgage Lending ◽  
Predatory Lending ◽  
Statistical Representation ◽  
Public Data ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Collection Practices ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender ◽  
Racial Ethnic

American mortgage markets, once arenas of discrimination by exclusion, now operate as venues of segmentation and discrimination by inclusion: credit is widely available, but its terms vary enormously. One market segment involves sophisticated predatory practices in which certain groups of borrowers are targeted for high-cost credit that strips out home equity and worsens the risks of delinquency, default, and foreclosure. Unfortunately, it has become more difficult to measure inequalities of predatory lending: race–ethnicity and gender are ‘disappearing’ from the main public data source used to study, organize, and mobilize on issues of lending inequalities. In this paper, we present a mixed-methods case study of statistical representation of homeowners and homebuyers marginalized by race, ethnicity, and gender. A theoretical examination of official data-collection practices is followed by a discussion of alternative meanings of racial–ethnic and gender nondisclosure. Interviews with a sample of homeowners and homebuyers in the Washington, DC, area reveal some respondent ambivalence about the details of data-collection practices, but provide no consistent support for the idea that nonreporting is solely a matter of individual choice. Econometric analyses indicate that nondisclosure is driven primarily by lending-industry practices, with the strongest disparate impacts in African-American suburbs. Predatory lending is producing ambivalent spaces of racial-ethnic and gender invisibility, requiring new strategies in the reinvestment movement.

scholarly journals Who Gets Ahead and Who Falls Behind During the Transition to High School? Academic Performance at the Intersection of Race/Ethnicity and Gender

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
April Sutton ◽  
Amy G Langenkamp ◽  
Chandra Muller ◽  
Kathryn S Schiller
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Transition ◽  
School Transition ◽  
Black Boys ◽  
Transition To High School ◽  
Gender Stratification ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Abstract Academic stratification during educational transitions may be maintained, disrupted, or exacerbated. This study marks the first to use national data to investigate how the transition to high school (re)shapes academic status at the intersection of race/ethnicity and gender. We seek to identify the role of the high school transition in shaping racial/ethnic and gender stratification by contextualizing students’ academic declines during the high school transition within the longer window of their educational careers. Using Add Health, we find that white and black boys experience the greatest drops in their grade point averages (GPAs). We also find that the maintenance of high academic grades between the eighth and ninth grades varies across racial/ethnic and gender subgroups; higher-achieving middle school black boys experience the greatest academic declines. Importantly, we find that white and black boys also faced academic declines before the high school transition, whereas their female student peers experienced academic declines only during the transition to high school. We advance current knowledge on educational stratification by identifying the transition to high school as a juncture in which boys’ academic disadvantage widens and high-achieving black boys lose their academic status at the high school starting gate. Our study also underscores the importance of adopting an intersectional framework that considers both race/ethnicity and gender. Given the salience of high school grades for students’ long-term success, we discuss the implications of this study for racial/ethnic and gender stratification during and beyond high school.

scholarly journals Exploring Bias in Student Evaluations: Gender, Race, and Ethnicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry Chávez ◽  
Kristina M.W. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Student Evaluations ◽  
Student Evaluations Of Teaching ◽  
Gender And Race ◽  
White Males ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Racial Ethnic

ABSTRACTResearch continues to accumulate showing that in instructor evaluations students are biased against women. This article extends these analyses by examining the dynamics between evaluations and gender and race/ethnicity. In a quasi-experimental design, faculty members teaching identical online courses recorded welcome videos that were presented to students at the course onset, constituting the sole exposure to perceived gender and race/ethnicity. This enables exploration of whether and to what degree the instructors’ characteristics influenced student evaluations, even after holding all other course factors constant. Findings show that instructors who are female and persons of color receive lower scores on ordinal student evaluations than those who are white males. Overall, we add further evidence to a growing literature calling for student evaluations of teaching (SETs) reform and extend it to encompass the effects on racial/ethnic minorities in addition to women.

scholarly journals Building Teachers’ Trust in Principals: Exploring the Effects of the Match Between Teacher and Principal Race/Ethnicity and Gender and Feelings of Trust

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina F. Brezicha ◽  
Edward J. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Educational Leaders ◽  
School Life ◽  
Preparation Programs ◽  
Principal Preparation Programs ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Trusting relationships play a crucial role in all aspects of school life. This study builds on this understanding by exploring the role gender and race/ethnicity plays in establishing trust between teachers and principals. Utilizing statewide working conditions survey administered in North Carolina, we employ both descriptive and analytic methods to examine the relationship between the racial/ethnic and gender match between teachers and principals and teachers’ trust in their principal. Our analyses indicate that race matters in establishing trust between teachers and principals. We suggest implications for educational leaders and principal preparation programs.

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