scholarly journals Patron-Client Politics and Political Change in Southeast Asia

1972 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Electoral Politics ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dimensions Of Variation

The analysis presented here is an effort to elaborate the patron-client model of association, developed largely by anthropologists, and to demonstrate its applicability to political action in Southeast Asia. Inasmuch as patron-client structures are not unique to Southeast Asia but are much in evidence, particularly in Latin America, in Africa, and in less developed portions of Europe, the analysis may possibly have more general value for understanding politics in preindustrial societies. After defining the nature of patron-client ties and distinguishing them from other social ties, the paper discriminates among patron-client ties to establish the most important dimensions of variation, examines both the survival and transformations in patron-client links in Southeast Asia since colonialism and the impact of major social changes such as the growth of markets, the expanded role of the state, and the creation of local regimes. Finally, the paper shows how patron-client bonds interact with electoral politics to create distributive pressures which, in turn, often lead to inflationary fiscal policies and vulnerability of regimes to losses of revenue.

scholarly journals Self-concept of cervical cancer patients after chemotheraphy in Yogyakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Nur Azizah Indriastuti ◽  
Riski Oktafia ◽  
Novika Riswanti
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
The World ◽  
Chemotherapy Patients ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
The Impact

Cervical cancer is one of the deadliest types of cancer that attacks women in the world. One of the treatment efforts for cancer is chemotherapy. Patients with cervical cancer who receive chemotherapy more than twice will experience impaired self-concept. This study aims to determine self-concept in cervical cancer patients who have undergone chemotherapy in Yogyakarta. This research uses qualitative method with phenomenology approach. Data collection is done with interview and observation. Participants totaling five people were determined by purposive sampling. The validity of the data used source triangulation and checked the data back to the participants. Analysis of data were by comparing among categories, marking and describing descriptively. The results of the study are 6 themes, namely physical changes, emotional changes, changes in sexual relations, changes in relationships with family, changes in the role of parenting and social changes in society. The impact of chemotherapy causes various changes in cervical cancer patients which make the self-concept of cervical cancer patients undergo changes

Security Dilemma, Minority Complex, Greed, and Political Economy

2018 ◽  
pp. 139-170
Author(s):  
Anthony Ware ◽  
Costas Laoutides
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Security Dilemma ◽  
Cultural Survival ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Impact

This chapter explores the nature of Myanmar’s ‘Rohingya’ conflict against concepts of a demographic security dilemma, an ethnic security dilemma, a dual minority complex, and then the question of the impact of resources through two lenses, the ‘greed thesis’ and the political economy of conflict. It examines Rohingya population growth data, and the tripartite nature of the ethnic security dilemma, which suggests that times of political transition can facilitate heightened fears between rival ethnic or cultural groups and make them more vulnerable to extremist narratives and recourse to violence. It explores the deep sense of existential threat experienced by all parties, and how, from a regional and social-psychological perspective, a majority group within a country or region can feel as if they are a threatened minority competing for territorial and cultural survival. The chapter then moves into a discussion about the role of the State in the conflict, often overlooked or downplayed yet vitally important. It then considers the economic aspects of the conflict, analyzing these from ‘greed thesis’ and political economy perspectives, highlighting the interplay between the pre-existing conflict and the post-transition economic dynamics in the region.

Public Opinion toward Equal Opportunity Issues: The Role of Attitudinal and Demographic Forces among African Americans

1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terri Susan Fine
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Opinion Dynamics ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
African American Community ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Disadvantaged Populations ◽  
The Impact

This paper explores African American opinion toward equal opportunity issues using a demographic-attitudinal focus. Previous explorations have focused on black-white opinion comparisons. In this analysis, attitudinal forces, particularly core values, are identified as playing an influential role in policy support. Further, these patterns of values tend to reflect those expressed by whites on similar questions: the more individualistic and conservative one is, the less likely one is to support government intervention on African Americans behalf. In responding to questions concerning governmental responsibility, higher SES African Americans express stronger support than do their lower SES counterparts. This finding suggests that those who are experiencing “glass ceilings” are concerned about government guarantees of equal opportunity, despite their individualistic beliefs. This is inconsistent with previous explorations that analyze these beliefs among disadvantaged populations. The implications of social changes in the African American community and the impact of these changes on opinion dynamics are discussed.

Colombia: innovation, trust and emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Varón Sandoval ◽  
Mónica Bibiana González Calixto ◽  
María del Pilar Ramírez Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Awakening ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Collaborative Innovation ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study is to reflect on some actions carried out in Colombia, both at the governmental and organizational levels, that can be considered collaborative innovations and that have emerged within this pandemic context seeking to generate an increase in trust and the awakening of others’ emotions, as well as manifestations or expressions of trust and emotions by the population. Design/methodology/approach Through a qualitative descriptive study, innovation strategies applied by different sectors to address the current situation of preventive isolation are identified, with the subsequent identification of manifestations resulting from the execution of the strategies and analyzes of the implications in terms of emotions and confidence as research constructs. Findings Actions taken by the public administration, instead of generating trust and instilling positive emotions, have generated the opposite and there is evidence of greater acceptance of actions when they come from the general population through strategies that can be assimilated into the application of open collaborative innovation. Originality/value This study raises future research challenges, in addition to the practical implications that it may have in terms of the vision of the role of the state and citizens and the impact of administrative decisions regarding the generation of trust and the presence of positive emotions in a crisis context.

Why is Neo-liberalism so Resilient?

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 983-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Gamble
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Electoral Politics ◽  
Class Politics ◽  
Policy Regime ◽  
Economic Liberalism ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Collapse Of Communism ◽  
Anglo American

Neo-liberalism rose to prominence during the stagflation crisis of the 1970s and consolidated its position as the dominant western ideology after the collapse of communism in Europe in the 1990s. Neo-liberalism is not a monolithic doctrine but has several different strands, including Ordoliberalism and Anglo-American economic liberalism. The latter became closely associated with globalisation, financialisation and deregulation, which helped produce the boom in the world economy during the 1990s but also created the conditions for the financial crash in 2008. Despite the scale of that crisis neo-liberalism has remained resilient as an ideology and as a policy regime. Different dimensions of this resilience are explored – the role of the state, geopolitics, class politics, electoral politics, and the hegemony of neo-liberal ideas – and whether this resilience is likely to continue.

scholarly journals ‘Vindictiveness on Account of Colour’?: Race, Gender, and Class at the English Divorce Court, 1872–1939

Genealogy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Ginger Frost
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Mixed Marriages ◽  
Men Of Color ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Violent Men ◽  
Racially Mixed ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Effective Representation

This article uses 116 divorce or separation cases involving people of color between 1872 and 1940 to interrogate the role of the state in adjudicating racially mixed marriages in Britain. These examples demonstrate the rising population of imperial subjects within the U.K., but also that marital cases could reverse in-migration, due to embarrassment and expense for all parties. In addition, gender and class factors limited the impact of race in the court. Men’s advantages in bringing cases overcame some racial prejudices, and rich men, whatever their color, could hire effective representation. Race only impacted divorce cases when women could play on stereotypes of violent men, or when men of color were co-respondents and thus broke up homes. Still, the number of undefended cases limited the influence of race in most divorce suits.

Congressional Voting on Labor Issues: The Role of PACS

ILR Review ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory M. Saltzman
Keyword(s):  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Roll Call ◽  
Roll Call Voting ◽  
Congressional Voting ◽  
Action Committee ◽  
Labor Issues ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Significant Direct Effect

This study measures the impact of labor and corporate political action committee (PAC) contributions on the voting of members of the House of Representatives on labor issues during 1979–80. It also analyzes the allocation of labor PAC contributions among House candidates. PAC contributions were found to have a significant direct effect on roll-call voting, even controlling for the Representative's political party and characteristics of the constituency. Since PAC money also affects roll-call voting indirectly (by influencing which party wins elections), the overall impact of PAC money on Congressional voting is probably substantial. The author also finds that labor PACs have focused more on influencing the outcome of elections than on currying favor with powerful members of the House who are likely to be re-elected anyway.

New Empirical Evidence of the Role of Interest Groups in Influencing the Growth of Government

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-100
Author(s):  
Gary A. Wagner ◽  
Russell S. Sobel
Keyword(s):  
Interest Groups ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Political Action Committees ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Status ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Evidence

Abstract We provide new evidence regarding the role of interest groups in influencing the size and growth of government spending. Using data on the change in individual legislators’ total voted and sponsored spending from the status quo, we explore this relationship in a manner closer to the public choice tradition. Examining the impact diat interest groups have on individual legislators’ preferences for new spending, we find that interest groups within a legislator’s district exhibit more influence on the short-run growth of the budget than do Political Action Committees.

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