Solidarność: Reluctant Vanguard or Makeshift Coalition?

1991 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Heyns ◽  
Ireneusz Bialecki
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Eastern Bloc ◽  
Political Transitions ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Electoral Support ◽  
The Government ◽  
Political Groups ◽  
State Socialist ◽  
Source Of Information

We analyze the election data from the first “almost free” political contest in the Eastern bloc, the Polish election of June 1989. Voting data for state socialist societies provide a novel source of information on the political transitions in process in East Central Europe; the source of electoral support for opposition candidates in Poland affords a glimpse of the emerging political groups that must deal with continuing economic crises while attempting to reconstruct or consolidate democratic procedures. Data on turnout and on the ecological patterning of votes for Solidarność and for the government coalition are reviewed. Electoral victory has transformed Solidarność from an opposition movement with strong trade union roots to a political coalition with a rather different constituency: the strongest relative support for Solidarność candidates was found in rural areas, particularly in the southeast, rather than in the urban, industrial centers where the movement was born.

The Early Post-Stalin Succession Struggle and Upheavals in East-Central Europe: Internal-External Linkages in Soviet Policy Making (Part 3)

1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Eastern Bloc ◽  
Soviet Bloc ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Soviet Policy ◽  
East European ◽  
Political Configuration

The East German uprising and the downfall of Lavrentii Beria had profound short- and long-term effects on Soviet policy toward Germany and on the political configuration of the Eastern bloc. This article, the final segment of a three-part analysis of Soviet—East European relations in the early post-Stalin era, discusses the changes in the Soviet bloc at some length. It then ties together the three parts of the analysis by exploring the theoretical implications of the linkages between internal and external events in the Soviet Union and East-Central Europe in 1953, drawing on recent theoretical literature about the connection between domestic and international politics.

Simulating the great transformation: property change under prolonged informality in Hungary

1993 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
József Böröcz
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Transformation Property ◽  
Social Experiment ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Property Relations ◽  
Great Transformation ◽  
State Socialist ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Organizing Principles

Transformations of society-wide organizing principles or, ‘systemic’ features, of property relations are rare historical occurrences and constitute crucial aspects of social change. The recent architectonic rearrangement of the societies of East-Central Europe is especially remarkable as it represents a move away from a unique, very large-scale, comprehensive social experiment concerning the use of state power in establishing and maintaining putative ‘socialist property’ as a ‘systemic’ principle. The ongoing move away from that experiment—the post-state-socialist transition—is a vector with an unmistakable point of departure and a quite nebulous direction.

scholarly journals A lakóparkok és lakóparkszerű létesítmények általános jellemzői a magyarországi megyei jogú városokban

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 219-223
Author(s):  
Gábor Hegedűs
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Gated Communities ◽  
Characteristic Form ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Geographical Dispersion ◽  
State Socialist

The modern gated communities first appeared in East-Central Europe after the collapse of state socialist systems. Moving into gated communities turned into one characteristic form of residential segregation. Since the beginning of the 1990s gated communities (in Hungarian: lakópark, 'residential park') began to be built in Budapest and in its direct suburban gravitation zone in Hungary. The largest cities in Hungary have a special administra-tive status (City with County Rights). We analyzed residential parks and residential park-like developments in the so-called Cities with County Rights having mostly over 50 thousands inhabitants. We typified residential parks, analyzed their geographical dispersion in the category mentioned above. We can observe significant differences in the numbers and spatial distribution of residential parks amongst the analyzed cities.

scholarly journals Zmiany w rolniczym użytkowaniu ziemi w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej po upadku

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 15-34
Author(s):  
Jerzy Bański
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Eastern Bloc ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
Eastern European Countries

The aim of this study is to diagnose and identify trends for agricultural land use structure in the Central and Eastern European countries. Particular attention has been paid to the spatial differentiation characterising that structure, and to the significance that diverse kinds of conditioning have had in shaping it. Analysis has extended to the basic structural elements of agricultural land that are arable land, grasslands and permanent crops, while the countries included are the East-Central Europe acceding to the EU, i.e., Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czechia, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Croatia, Slovenia and Bulgaria. The main sources of database have been Eurostat and FAO. The region under study emerges as very much diversified in terms of structure relating to structural elements of agricultural land. However, once the Eastern Bloc fell, all the countries experienced losses in area of agricultural land, as well as declines in the amounts of land growing permanent crops. Where key crops were concerned, the share of industrial species increase at the expense of vegetables, fruits and potatoes cultivation. Key factors underpinning observed trends for land use comprised privatisation and restitution of land, demographic processes in rural areas, domestic and EU agricultural policies as well as agro-ecological conditions.

Toward Socialism with a Human Face?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balázs Trencsényi ◽  
Michal Kopeček ◽  
Luka Lisjak Gabrijelčič ◽  
Maria Falina ◽  
Mónika Baár ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Production ◽  
Student Movements ◽  
Human Face ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Political Language ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
The Face ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
State Socialist

Marxist revisionism, providing a powerful political language of intra-systemic opposition, was characterized by an effort to restore the relative autonomy of the personality in the face of both society and history, to provide new ethics, a new way of life, and envision “socialism with a human face.” The 1960s witnessed an unprecedented boom of Marxist and non-Marxist intellectual and cultural production, ranging from the rediscovery of the inconvenient past to critical analyses of existing socialist societies and an artistic blossoming reconnecting East Central Europe to broader European intellectual and aesthetic currents. Another venue of dialogue was between unorthodox Marxists and religious thinkers struggling to find their way in secular state socialist regimes. The climax and eventually also the anti-climax of this revival was 1968, with the rise of reform communist movements, linking technocratic and democratic reformism with revolutionary radicalism coming mainly from the student movements.

Die Stadt, Der Adel Und Das Theater. Prag Und Lemberg Im 19. Jahrhundert Im Vergleich

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 99-119
Author(s):  
Philipp Ther
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Power Struggles ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Political Groups ◽  
Opera Houses

AbstractThis article examines nobles' influence on the culture of cities in East Central Europe. In a follow-up to his latest book, the author compares the opera theatres in Lemberg and Prague, and considers how they positioned themselves vis-á-vis their respective cities. The article explains the rise and fall of aristocratic dominance that for a long time ran counter to the embourgeoisement of the opera stages of Western Europe. In East Central Europe, the aristocracy was vital in establishing public theatres which became the most significant competitors of court theatres in the first half of the nineteenth century. The article also analyses power struggles over the theatre between various social and political groups in the second half of the nineteenth century, when the intelligentsia increasingly questioned nobles' domination of the theatre. Although these power struggles destabilized the respective opera houses at times, they contributed to the identification of the two cities with them. The article ends by outlining how Prague and Lemberg fashioned themselves as "opera cities."

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