The Effects of the Explicit Inquiry Routine on the Performance of Students with Learning Disabilities on One-Variable Equations

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy M. Scheuermann ◽  
Donald D. Deshler ◽  
Jean B. Schumaker
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
General Education ◽  
Math Performance ◽  
Students With Learning Disabilities ◽  
Math Learning ◽  
School Students ◽  
Inquiry Dialogue ◽  
Variable Equation ◽  
Teaching Routine ◽  
The One

This study determined the effects of the Explicit Inquiry Routine (EIR), a teaching routine, on the math performance of 14 middle-school students with math learning disabilities. The routine integrates validated mathematical teaching practices from general education (inquiry, dialogue) and special education (intensive, explicit instruction) to engage students in an interactive inquiry process across multiple modes (concrete, representation, and abstract) of illustration and manipulation to develop an understanding of the one-variable equation. A multiple-baseline-across-students design was employed. Both statistical analysis and visual inspection indicated that students' scores increased and were maintained for up to 11 weeks after instruction was terminated. In addition, students transferred their skills to textbook word problems and standardized math achievement measures.

The Fairness of Report Card Grading Adaptations

1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Bursuck ◽  
Dennis D. Munk ◽  
Mary M. Olson
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
High School Students ◽  
General Education ◽  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Students With Learning Disabilities ◽  
Achievement Level ◽  
School Students ◽  
Perceptions Of Fairness ◽  
Teacher Acceptability

As more and more students with learning disabilities are being included in general education classes, concerns have arisen in regard to the low grades that these students are likely to receive. Although there is some evidence to suggest that teacher adaptations of grades are helpful, the extent to which teachers implement grading adaptations may be influenced at least in part by the teachers' perceived acceptability of the adaptations. One factor that may influence perceived teacher acceptability is student perceptions. Teachers may be unlikely to use adaptations that are perceived as negative by their students. The purpose of this study was to (a) assess high school students' perceptions of the fairness of grading adaptations, (b) identify factors (e.g., achievement level) that may influence perceptions of fairness, and (c) identify practices deemed most fair and acceptable to students with and without learning disabilities. This purpose was met by surveying and interviewing high school students with and without learning disabilities. The results of the surveys and interviews as well as their implications for grading students with learning disabilities in general education classes are discussed.

Effects of Cognitive Strategy Instruction on Math Problem Solving of Middle School Students With Learning Disabilities

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjorie Montague ◽  
Craig Enders ◽  
Samantha Dietz
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
General Education ◽  
Cognitive Strategy ◽  
Instructional Program ◽  
Students With Learning Disabilities ◽  
School Students ◽  
Math Problem Solving

The purpose of the study was to improve mathematical problem solving for middle school students with learning disabilities by implementing a research-based instructional program in inclusive general education math classes. A total of 40 middle schools in a large urban district were matched on state assessment performance level (low, medium, and high performing) and socioeconomic status. One school from each pair was randomly assigned to the intervention condition, and one eighth grade math teacher participated at each school ( n = 40). Because of attrition at the outset, 24 schools completed the study (8 intervention, 16 comparison). The intervention, Solve It!, a research-based cognitive strategy instructional program, was implemented for 7 months, and periodic progress monitoring was conducted. A cluster-randomized design was used, and the data were consistent with a three-level model in which repeated measures were nested within students and students were nested within schools. The results indicated that students who received the intervention ( n = 319) showed significantly greater growth in math problem solving over the school year than students in the comparison group ( n = 460) who received typical classroom instruction. Moreover, the intervention effects did not differ for students with learning disabilities, low-achieving students, and average-achieving students. Thus, the findings were positive and support the efficacy of the intervention when implemented by general education math teachers in inclusive classrooms.

Strategies for Online Academic Research (SOAR)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Harper Knox ◽  
Lynne Anderson-Inman ◽  
Fatima E. Terrazas-Arellanes ◽  
Emily D. Walden ◽  
Lisa A. Strycker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
General Education ◽  
Research Performance ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Students With Learning Disabilities ◽  
School Students ◽  
General Education Students ◽  
Post Secondary

The ability to conduct research is essential for meeting Common Core State Standards, for success in post-secondary education, and for access to many 21st-century careers. Although today's students increasingly turn to the Internet for information, they are often unprepared to engage effectively in academic research online. This article describes work at the University of Oregon's Center for Advanced Technology in Education in developing and testing nine Strategies for Online Academic Research (SOAR) designed for middle school students, with specific attention to the needs of students with learning disabilities. Included is information about the SOAR Student Toolkit, a multimedia website with step-by-step instructional modules for learning the nine strategies, as well as results from an evaluation in Connecticut. Results indicate that using the SOAR Student Toolkit improves online research performance for sixth-, seventh-, and eighth-grade general education students and students with learning disabilities. Implications for future research are discussed.

Views of Students with Learning Disabilities of their Homework in General Education Classes: Student Interviews

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Sawyer ◽  
Janet S. Nelson ◽  
Madhavi Jayanthi ◽  
William D. Bursuck ◽  
Michael H. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
High School Students ◽  
General Education ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Students With Learning Disabilities ◽  
School Students ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Teachers And Parents

This study examined the experiences and views of students with learning disabilities regarding the homework they receive in their general education classes and identified ways that teachers and parents might positively affect students' performance. Subjects were 10 high school students identified as having learning disabilities. Individual interviews were conducted to elicit information from each student. An analysis of the interviews resulted in the emergence of three themes: (a) factors that make homework easy, (b) factors that make homework difficult, and (c) recommendations for teachers, students, and parents. The results, limitations of the study, and future research needs are discussed.

STEM-Focused Career Courses and College Pipeline for Students with Learning Disabilities

2021 ◽  
pp. 089590482110199
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Freeman ◽  
Michael A. Gottfried ◽  
Jay Stratte Plasman
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
High School Students ◽  
The United States ◽  
Students With Learning Disabilities ◽  
School Students ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Stem Majors ◽  
Career And Technical ◽  
Nationally Representative

Recent educational policies in the United States have fostered the growth of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) career-focused courses to support high school students’ persistence into these fields in college and beyond. As one key example, federal legislation has embedded new types of “applied STEM” (AS) courses into the career and technical education curriculum (CTE), which can help students persist in STEM through high school and college. Yet, little is known about the link between AS-CTE coursetaking and college STEM persistence for students with learning disabilities (LDs). Using a nationally representative data set, we found no evidence that earning more units of AS-CTE in high school influenced college enrollment patterns or major selection in non-AS STEM fields for students with LDs. That said, students with LDs who earned more units of AS-CTE in high school were more likely to seriously consider and ultimately declare AS-related STEM majors in college.

Teaching Middle School Students With Learning Disabilities to Comprehend Text Using Self-Questioning

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 276-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurice M. Joseph ◽  
Kelsey M. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Students With Learning Disabilities ◽  
School Students ◽  
Reading Text ◽  
Progress Monitor

Middle school students with learning disabilities often struggle to gain meaning from text. Engaging in self-questioning is an effective strategy for comprehending text, however, middle school students with learning disabilities often do not naturally engage in self-questioning before, during, or after reading. These students may also have difficulty generating questions to ask themselves while reading text. This article presents evidence-based methods and specific instructional scaffolds for teaching middle school students with learning disabilities to generate questions on their own before, during, and after reading. A discussion of how to progress monitor students’ acquisition of self-questioning will also be provided.

Increasing Secondary Students’ Comprehension Through Explicit Attention to Narrative Text Structure

2021 ◽  
pp. 004005992110255
Author(s):  
Whitney Sommers Butler ◽  
Casey Hord ◽  
Susan Watts-Taffe
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Reading Instruction ◽  
Secondary Students ◽  
Text Structure ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Students With Learning Disabilities ◽  
Narrative Texts ◽  
School Students

In spite of the prevailing assumption that formal reading instruction is no longer needed once adolescents reach high school, students at the secondary level still benefit from explicit reading instruction to continue developing advanced literacy skills enabling them to access complex narrative texts. This article argues for the importance of teachers to scrutinize the texts they plan to teach to determine what instruction and supports are needed to promote reading comprehension for students with learning disabilities. Specifically, this article examines how nonlinear text structures can challenge adolescent reading comprehension and illustrates explicit text structure instruction with three exemplar texts which use unconventional narrative patterns. The article emphasizes the importance of considering the qualitative features of texts to inform instruction to support reading comprehension for students with learning disabilities.

Resolving Commas Confusion: Erasing Comma Miscues and Promoting Sentence Writing at the Same Time

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Bragg Schumaker ◽  
Joseph Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
General Education ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Secondary Students ◽  
State Standards ◽  
Students With Learning Disabilities ◽  
Multimedia Software ◽  
Software Program ◽  
Software Programs ◽  
Diverse Groups

Multimedia software programs have been developed and empirically validated for teaching secondary students with learning disabilities new skills and strategies. Some of them can be appropriately put into practice in general education classes in which diverse groups of students are enrolled. One of them, the Commas Strategies Program (Schumaker & Sheldon, 2009), is featured in this article. Because comma skills are specified in national and state standards, all students are required to learn them. The Commas Strategies Program can be used to ensure that all students learn these skills. This article describes the previous research associated with the program and the components of the program. It also describes the features of the program that were specifically designed to ensure that diverse classes of students will learn from it. Further, it describes procedures teachers can follow to put the program into practice and ensure student learning. Enrichment activities that can also be used associated with the software program are suggested.

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