Assessing working memory in general education students for ADHD detection

The involvement of deficient working memory in ADHD symptomatology has attracted intense research interest and has been scientifically substantiated. This fact provided an impetus for this study, which aims to investigate the role of working memory assessment in detecting ADHD elements in general education students in classroom settings. Therefore, 67 classroom teachers rated 130 Greek general education primary school students on the Greek-WMRS. The research findings indicated statistically significant differences in the overall score of the Greek-WMRS and in the separate score of its 20 descriptions of classroom behaviors between children clinically diagnosed with ADHD and those without. In conclusion, students’ working memory assessment in classroom settings can significantly contribute to detection of ADHD behaviors so that such classroom behaviors to be extensively assessed for an effective diagnosis.

FEATURE MOTION PICTURE AS A MEANS OF PROFESSIONAL AND PERSONAL ENHANCEMENT OF SENIOR SCHOOLCHILDREN

The author of this article proposes a new approach to psychological work with general education students, which makes it possible to use the means of cinema for the professional and personal development of senior students. The article describes an experiment carried out using an author's feature film. This article is part of a study, the authors of which aim to identify, develop, theoretically substantiate and experimentally test the conditions for the effective use of television programs, feature motion films, as well as traditional psychological techniques as a means of professional and personal enhancement of senior schoolchildren. Theoretical and methodological foundations of the use of feature films as a means of professional and personal improvement of adolescents are offered.

Academic and Social Effects of Inclusion on Students without Disabilities: A Review of the Literature

In many countries, educational practices are changing to inclusive education. Inclusive education is educating students with disabilities in general education classrooms with their peers without disabilities. If inclusive education is spreading, research needs to investigate the effects of inclusion not only for students with special needs but also for typically developing students. However, there is more research on the outcomes of inclusion for students with disabilities and less for students without disabilities in inclusive settings. Research shows academic and social gains for students with disabilities, but there is less clarity regarding the influence of inclusion on general education students. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to summarize and organize the literature on the academic and social outcomes of inclusion on students without disabilities. Academic effects of inclusion on students without disabilities are mixed, and the levels of schooling may have a differential impact on the achievement of students without disabilities. The literature indicates mostly positive or neutral effects of inclusion on the academic achievement of typically developing students in the lower grades, whereas neutral or negative influence is indicated for later grades. Additionally, students without disabilities have socially benefited from being in inclusive classrooms with students with disabilities. Mainly, the social effects of inclusion are reduction of fear, hostility, prejudice, and discrimination as well as increase of tolerance, acceptance, and understanding.

Personal Maturity and Its Reflections in Conceptual Lithuanian Education Documents

The 2019 guidelines for the renewal of general education programs in Lithuania state that there is a lack of coherence between the goals of education, the implementation of the curriculum, and the assessment of students’ achievements. The description of Lithuanian primary, basic and secondary education (2015) states that the main result of education is the gradually acquired competencies indicating the spiritual, intellectual and physical maturity of a person, which include knowledge, understanding, abilities and attitudes. This presupposes that state maturity exams should be designed to reflect the competencies, knowledge, understanding, abilities and attitudes that indicate a person’s maturity. Based on this idea, a qualitative study was conducted in 2020. Its aim was to determine the indicators of personal maturity in Lithuanian conceptual educational documents. To achieve the research goal, we applied the data collection method (document analysis) and the data processing method (content analysis). Qualitative research has shown that a person’s maturity in Lithuania is identified based on a set of competencies. To complete their general education, students should have the following competencies: social, emotional and healthy lifestyles; cognition; creativity; civil, cultural communication. A review of the scientific literature presupposes that at the stage of late adolescent personality development, a person is yet to be in search of their identity. The documents emphasize that competencies are assessed in teacher-student interactions by accumulating qualitative evidence of competencies. Meanwhile state maturity exams measure three groups of cognitive abilities: knowledge and understanding, application of knowledge, and advanced thinking abilities. Personal values and beliefs are not reflected in state maturity exams. The conclusion of the research is that maturity exams do not reflect the maturity of a person described in the conceptual documents of Lithuanian education.

VOCATIONAL EDUCATION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF STATE NATIONAL PROJECT FOR REVITALIZATION OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES

The article describes a stage of teaching practicum taken by Master’s students majoring in 44.04.01 Pedagogical Education (Master’s Degree program) with the Khanty Philology profile, where a ‘cross-cutting’ native literature program was developed and tested for general education students. In the framework of the state national project for revitalization of native indigenous languages and literatures, it appears relevant to train educators who can teach indigenous languages and native literatures in a comprehensive school. This study addressed the teaching and philological competencies that should be acquired in the process of vocational training. The research methodology rooted in the general scientific principles of objectivity, integrity, and concreteness. No less important in this work was the principle of historicism underlying the cultural-historical method of studying literature, which requires consideration of genres of works by Yugra’s writers. The systematic principle made it possible to holistically and comprehensively analyze the declared problem, eliminate the fragmentation in its presentation. Using the typological and system-analytical methods, a large amount of material on the studied topic was analyzed. The findings were summarized and the general conclusions were drawn. The modern Russian space of higher education requires new knowledge in the field of culture, language and literature of the Ob Ugrians from the future teacher living in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra. This entails fundamental changes in the professional tasks that are solved by vocational education. Therefore, training must adapt to the requirements of the new context.