Small-scale plant species turnover in a limestone grassland: the carousel model and some comments on the niche concept

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eddy Maarel ◽  
Martin T. Sykes
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Limestone Grassland ◽  
Niche Concept

Functionally explicit partitioning of plant β-diversity reveal soil fungal assembly in the subarctic tundra

2021 ◽  
Vol 97 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shota Masumoto ◽  
Ryo Kitagawa ◽  
Keita Nishizawa ◽  
Ryo Kaneko ◽  
Takashi Osono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Vegetation Shifts ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Functional Components

ABSTRACT Metabarcoding technologies for soil fungal DNA pools have enabled to capture the diversity of fungal community and the agreement of their β-diversity with plant β-diversity. However, processes underlying the synchrony of the aboveground–belowground biodiversity is still unclear. By using partitioning methods for plant β-diversity, this study explored the process driving synchrony in tundra ecosystems, in which drastic vegetation shifts are observed with climate warming. Our methods based on Baselga's partitioning enabled the division of plant β-diversity into two phenomena and three functional components. Correlation of fungal β-diversity with the components of plant β-diversity showed that the spatial replacement of fungi was promoted by plant species turnover, in particular, plant species turnover with functional exchange. In addition, spatial variety of graminoid or forbs species, rather than shrubs, enhanced fungal β-diversity. These results suggest the importance of small-scale factors such as plant–fungal interactions or local environments modified by plants for the fungal community assemblage. The process-based understanding of community dynamics of plants and fungi allows us to predict the ongoing shrub encroachment in the Arctic region, which could weaken the aboveground–belowground synchrony.

scholarly journals Deciphering Substrate-Specific Methane Yields of Perennial Herbaceous Wild Plant Species

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Moritz von Cossel ◽  
Lorena Agra Pereira ◽  
Iris Lewandowski
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Wild Plant Species ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Bioenergy Cropping Systems

The global demand for plant biomass to provide bioenergy and heat is continuously increasing because of a growing interest among many industrialized and developing countries towards climate sound and renewable energy supply. The exacerbation of land-use conflicts proliferates social-ecological demands on future bioenergy cropping systems. Perennial herbaceous wild plant mixtures (WPMs) represent an approach to providing social-ecologically more sustainably produced biogas substrate that has gained increasing public and political interest only in recent years. The focus of this study lies on three perennial wild plant species (WPS) that usually dominate the biomass yield performance of WPM cultivation. These WPS were compared with established biogas crops in terms of their substrate-specific methane yield (SMY) and lignocellulosic composition. The plant samples were investigated in a small-scale mesophilic discontinuous biogas batch test for determining the SMY. All WPS were found to have significantly lower SMY (241.5–248.5 lN kgVS−1) than maize (337.5 lN kgVS−1). This was attributed to higher contents of lignin (9.7–12.8% of dry matter) as well as lower contents of hemicellulose (9.9–11.5% of dry matter) in the WPS. Only minor, non-significant differences to cup plant and Virginia mallow were observed. Thus, when planning WPS as a diversification measure in biogas cropping systems, their lower SMY should be considered.

scholarly journals Small-scale plant species distribution in snowbeds and its sensitivity to climate change

Plant Ecology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 200 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Schöb ◽  
Peter M. Kammer ◽  
Philippe Choler ◽  
Heinz Veit
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Small Scale

scholarly journals Assessment of the Potential Risk of Rock-Climbing for Cliff Plant Species and Natural Protected Areas of Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indradatta deCastro-Arrazola ◽  
Martí March-Salas ◽  
Juan Lorite
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Rock Climbing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Natural Protected Areas ◽  
Priority Species

In recent years, the popularity of rock-climbing has grown tremendously, setting an increasing pressure on cliff habitats. Climbing may be particularly harmful in the Mediterranean biome due to its appropriate environmental conditions for climbing. A few studies have identified the effect of climbing on plant diversity at a small-scale (namely locally or even just in specific climbing areas). However, no studies exist assessing the potential risk of rock-climbing on a broad-scale (e.g., regional or national). The study aims to identify the priority locations and priority cliff plant species in Spain to focus future study efforts. Spain was selected because it is a plant biodiversity hotspot, with a great diversity of endemic and endangered species, and one of the most popular destinations for climbers. We used a geographic information system-based approach to model the spatial concurrence among Spanish climbing areas (and climbing intensity), natural protected areas (NPAs), and distribution of threatened cliff plants (and their IUCN threat category). We found that 53.5% of climbing areas in Spain are located within a NPA, most of them falling into NPAs of medium protection level. We mapped 151 threatened cliff plants, identifying four medium priority Mediterranean locations and eight priority species in which future research efforts should be focused. High-priority study locations are absent in Spain according to our spatial modeling. For the first time on a national scale, this study identifies areas in which climbing represents a potential threat for cliff habitats and threatened plants. These findings contribute to designing field studies on the effects of rock-climbing on Mediterranean cliffs, laying the groundwork for a sustainable, yet challenging, balance between the protection of these unique habitats and rock-climbing.

Enumeration of Plant Species Inhabiting Oil Palm Trees (Elaeis-guineensis) at Zawlpui Plantation Site, Serchhip District, Mizoram

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Lal awmpuia ◽  
◽  
H. Lalruatsanga ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Plant Stem

A survey of plant species inhabiting oil palm trees was conducted in Zawlpui area of Serchhip district, Mizoram. The study area is a tropical potent agriculture zone, wherein small-scale business of Elaeis guineensis plantation is carried out by several farmers mainly within the gentle sloppy terrain. Oil palm with a rough bark harbors immense inhabitation by a variety plants, that rooted mostly on the debris at leaf base. Species diversity on the plant stem supposedly encourage insects and termites to establish herewith, thus causing harming to the tree. The sample stands within 400 m–800 m altitude were picked randomly. A total of 50 palm tree were accounted and all associated plants on the stem above 30 cm from the ground are all recorded. Species that cannot be identified on the site were pressed and observed at Botany Research lab, Pachhunga University College. The survey documented 38 vascular plant species which include 4 epiphytes and 1 non-vascular species of lichen, 1 bryophyte and 4 fungal species at that time. Invasive Peperomia pellucida and epiphytic pteridophytes Nephrolepis biserrata was found in most of the stand sample; however, Peperomia population decreases with the increasing elevation. Dynamics of inhabitant species diversity also correlate to location of tree. The study also established that diversity of inhabiting species was comparatively high on parts of the stem facing sunlight.

Suitability of Wild Host Plants and Firewood as Hosts of Prostephanus truncatus (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in Mozambique

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 1705-1712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo L Muatinte ◽  
Johnnie Van den Berg
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Prostephanus Truncatus ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Wild Host ◽  
Brachystegia Spiciformis

Abstract Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) populations are maintained in wild host plants such as trees that act as pest reservoirs from where beetle infestation of maize granaries take place. In this study, we assessed the suitability of plant species sold and transported as firewood as well as other plant species in Mozambique as hosts for P. truncatus. Prostephanus truncatus was only recorded from three tree species, which are sold as firewood, i.e., Brachystegia spiciformis, Strychnos spinosa, and Colophospermum mopane. The pest survived and bred in 13 tree and 7 grass species. Dry wood of several tree species and the grasses Acroceras macrum and Hyparrhenia hirta were suitable hosts for pest development. Sale and transport of certain firewood species may be an important driver of the spread of this pest. The importance of dry maize stalks and several grass species in sustaining pest populations is described for the first time. Several grass species are used as thatch or fencing material and, together with maize crop residues close to small-scale granaries, may provide significant sources of beetle infestation.

Seabirds drive plant species turnover on small Mediterranean islands at the expense of native taxa

Oecologia ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Vidal ◽  
F. Médail ◽  
T. Tatoni ◽  
V. Bonnet
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Mediterranean Islands
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document