Modern Greek in Asia Minor

1910 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Dawkins

This paper is the result of some six weeks' local study of the dialects of the Greek-speaking villages of Cappadocia and of the village of Silli near Konia in the summer of 1909. The account below of the more important books shows that a good deal has already been written on the subject, but the material is very scattered and incomplete, and does not do more than suggest a great many unanswered questions, nor does it touch more than a few of the villages. Besides giving an account of the dialects, I have therefore tried to smooth the way for future workers by collecting and setting in order this already published material.

It is not infrequently in the evolution of a scientific problem that the following course of events is observed. First, there is a preconceived notion about the way in which a certain phenomenon should occur. Next, this idea is rather rudely dispelled by experiments which reveal all sorts of unsuspected complexities. The subject seems to become more and more difficult and stimulates a good deal of effort and contributions from many sides. At this stage the clearest way of treating the matter is usually to approach it historically, or at any rate analytically, and even then expositions of it usually give the impression of being accessible only to specialists. Gradually, however, things clarify, the complexities seem in an increasing degree to assume the guise of details which can be derived as consequences from the general theory, and a synthetic treatment becomes possible. In the light of all the intervening work it almost appears as though everything could, from the start, have been deduced from first principles. Although this appearance may from one point of view be illusory, it is none the less a sign that the task is approaching completion. In the development of modern ideas on chemical kinetics the study of gaseous reactions has played an interesting part. Many unexpected and sometimes disconcerting observations have shown that the kind of relations which might have been assumed in the light of the earlier ideas do not exist, and yet one begins to see that the tangle of facts has after all a coherence of its own, though quite different from what was first imagined.


1897 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 22-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. C. Anderson

Of late years a good deal of discussion has been devoted to the Road-System of Cappadocia and the Tauros region in ancient times, and it might seem at first sight superfluous to discuss the subject over again. But conclusions already reached must always be tested in the light of new facts; and in the case before us several new facts have come to hand, which illuminate our subject and enable us to introduce into it a considerable amount of simplification. I propose, therefore, in the following paper to describe the roads which traversed this part of the country and then to prove their direction as well as their importance from the evidence of Byzantine campaigns. This is the simplest order to follow, because one campaign generally covers several routes and it would involve a sacrifice of clearness to break up the campaigns into a series of disjecta membra.At every period in the history of Asia Minor the most important roads from the west converged towards Caesareia-Mazaka (Kaisariye), which in later times became the metropolis of Cappadocia, and radiated thence towards east and south. Sebasteia-Sivas forms another centre only second in importance to Caesareia; and the entire road-system of Eastern Asia Minor is most easily described and most clearly understood by taking these two cities as the starting-points. I shall therefore begin with the roads leading East and South from Caesareia and afterwards go on to those radiating from Sebasteia-Sivas.


1913 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 48-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Ormerod

The objects described in this section were found on a small prehistoric site at Tchukurkend on the eastern side of the Beishehir lake between Eflatoun Bounar and Kirili Kassaba. The village of Tchukurkend lies some two hours from the Hittite monument at Eflatoun Bounar and fifty minutes to the S.E. of the small town of Kirili Kassaba. On the previous day, coming from Eflatoun Bounar, I had ridden for the greater part of the way across the lower ground by the shores of the lake and had thus missed the village, but a jeweller in Kirili to whom I showed a small celt, with an enquiry if any were to be obtained in the neighbourhood, informed me that they were often found by the peasants at Tchukurkend. There in the hands of the villagers I found the two human figurines (Fig. 1A, B), the two animals (Fig. 2c, d), and the small fragment (Fig. 2b). They were all found with certain others which had been destroyed, on a low hill immediately above the village. Here was clearly a small prehistoric site in antiquity, now much denuded, on which I found a large quantity of obsidian, principally of the Melian variety, and a few fragments of the red-faced pottery common on other early sites in the district.


Author(s):  
Dita Masyitah Sianipar And Sumarsih

This study deals with the way to improve students’ achievement in speaking particularly through Two Stay Two Stray Strategy. This study was conducted by using classroom action research. The subject of of the research was class X-AP SMK Swasta Harapan Danau Sijabut in Asahan Regency that consisted of 34 students. The research was conducted in two cycles consisted of three meetings in each cycle. The instruments of collecting data for quantitative data used Speaking Test and instrument for analysis of qualitative data used observation, interview and questionnaire sheet. Based on the speaking test score, students’ score kept improving in every test. In the test I the mean was 61,47, in the test II the mean was 67,41 and the test III the mean was 78,52. Based on observation sheet and questionnaire sheet, it was found that teaching learning process run well and lively. Students were active and interest in speaking. The using of Two Stay Two Stray Strategy is significantly improved students’ achievement in speaking.


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Ubaidillah ◽  
Misbahul Khoir

The objectives of research include; first, to describe what local Islamic working ethos are as the basis for the resilience of songkok, whip and slap handicraft businesses in Serah Panceng Gresik Village. Second, to describe the resilience of the songkok, whip and slap handicraft business in the village of Serah Panceng Gresik. This study is a qualitative-descriptive study with the aim of understanding the phenomena experienced by the subject of research including behavior, perception, motivation, and action holistically by utilizing various scientific methods. Data collection methods include; Observation, In-depth Interview or Focus Group Discussion, Documentation. Data analysis techniques include: processing and preparing data for analysis, reading the entire data, analyzing in more detail by coding data, considering detailed instructions that can help the coding process, giving descriptions that will be presented in the report, interpreting and interpreting data. The results showed that in Serah Village local Islamic working ethos were preserved by the community, such as alms giving, reading dziba', reading tahlil, attending haul akbar, and reading sholawat together every Friday. Although in the tradition it does not involve songkok, whip, and slap directly, there is a good impact to support the resilience of songkok, but not whip, and slap production. Religious rituals by praying together asking Allah to facilitate and carry out business in production songkok, whip, and slap are an expression of gratitude for what God gave to the people of Serah Village. All economic activity done by Serah community is meant to get God’s willing. Keywords: Islamic Working Ethos, Handicraft Businesses


2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 278-282
Author(s):  
Kirill A. Popov

This review is devoted to the monograph by Jan Nedvěd “We do not decline our heads. The events of the year 1968 in Karlovy Vary”. The Karlovy Vary municipal museum coincided its publishing with the fiftieth anniversary of the Prague spring which, considering the way of the presentation, turned the book not only to scientific event but also to the social one. The book describes sociopolitical trends in the region before the year 1968, the development of the reformist movement, the invasion and advance of the armies of the Warsaw Pact countries, and finally the decline of the reformist mood and the beginning of the normalization. Working on his writing, the author deeply studied the materials of the local archive and gathered the unique selection of the photographs depicting the passage of the soviet army through the spa town and the protest actions of its inhabitants. In the meantime, Nedvěd takes undue freedom with scientific terms, and his selection of historiography raises questions. The author bases his research on the Czech papers and scarcely uses the books of Russian origin. He also did not study the subject of the participating of the GDR’s army in the operation Danube, although these troops were concentrated on the borders of Karlovy Vary region as well. Because of this decision, there are no materials from German archives or historiography in the monograph. In general, the work lacks the width of studying its subject, but it definitively accomplishes the task of depicting the Prague spring from the regional perspective.


2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-105
Author(s):  
Jacek Wojda

Big activity passed Popes, with the least Francis Bergoglio, is a question about receptiontheir lives and action, especially in times of modern medium broadcasting. Sometimes presentedcontent could be treated as sensation, and their receptiveness deprived of profound historical andtheological meaning. This article depends of beginnings of the Church, when it started to organizeitself, with well known historically-theological arguments. Peter confessed Jesus as the Christ andgot special place among Apostles. His role matures in young Church community, which is escapingfrom Jewish religion.Peter tramps the way from Jerusalem thru Antioch to Rome, confirming his appointing to thefirst among Apostles and to being Rock in the Church. Nascent Rome Church keeps this specialPeter’s succession. Clement, bishop of Rome, shows his prerogatives as a successor of Peter. Later,bishop of Cartagena, Cyprian, confirms special role both Peter and each bishop of Rome amongother bishops. He also was finding appropriate role for each of them. Church institution, basedon Peter and Apostles persists and shows truth of the beginnings and faithfulness to them innowadays papacy.Methodological elements Presented in the introduction let for the lecture of Gospel and patristictexts without positivistic prejudices presented in old literature of the subject.


Author(s):  
Sachin Bagali ◽  
Umapati Baragi ◽  
M. R. Sajjanshetti

In the present day scenario prime need of Ayurveda is practical applicability of Ayurvedic fundamental principles and research should be more focused on all aspects where scientific inputs should confirm Ayurveda’s principles and philosophy. In Ayurveda, Gunas are described as the way of presentation of action without which no Karma (action) can be possible. Ayurveda has provided significance to every Guna so that they become useful in clinical practice. Clinical practice or research is a continuous process including a series of events which need to be performed in a sequential manner. Though there are many factors on which accomplishment of treatment depends, among these Charaka has given prime importance to Paradi Gunas. In clinical practice, Guna which are to be with Bhishak are mainly the Paradi Gunas which can also be called as miscellaneous Gunas. As rightly quoted by Acarya Charaka, for getting success in the treatment Paradi Gunas are the best. The Sutra quotes "Sidhyupaya Chikitsayam" which means that Chikitsa i.e. Dhatusamya will be done mainly with the help of Paradi Gunas. Knowledge of Paradi Gunas are required to be present in pharmacists, physicians and Researchers. Acharya Charaka says that Chikitsa Siddhi i.e. successful management of disease is not possible without the knowledge of Paradi Gunas. Paradi Gunas play an important role in selection, adaption and manifestation of drug as per condition of the disease and the patient in particular Desha and Kala. The ultimate goal of any clinical activity is to contribute in the knowledge domain and to improve professional practice. Thus this literary review of Paradi Gunas serves to explore the subject of the clinical practice.


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