Preference Formation, Social Location and Ideology

2019 ◽  
pp. 143-158
Keyword(s):  
Social Location ◽  
Preference Formation

Preference Formation, Social Location and Ideology

2019 ◽  
pp. 143-158
Author(s):  
Keith Dowding
Keyword(s):  
Cost Saving ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
British History ◽  
Social Location ◽  
Simple Explanation ◽  
Preference Formation ◽  
Perspective Effect ◽  
Working Out

This chapter examines how preferences are formed and how this preference-formation process can be determined by an individual’s social location and the ideology of their society. Simple desires require simple explanation, complex desires complex ones. Endogenous interests result from simple desires, exogenous ones from complex ones that result from our social location and history. Exogenous interests are formed by a situation and a perspective effect. Their social location determines the former, the perspective is formed by interests given their social location. The chapter explains the distinction between luck and systematic luck in greater deal and how we judge luck in terms of types of people in given social locations. It gives a detailed example of systematic luck in term of UK farmers, and how that systematic luck depends on their social location and British history. It then explains ideology as a cost-saving device for working out interests and how ideological beliefs can both bias and be biased by nature of the power and luck structure. Some groups manage to get their worldview extended by them to the view of other groups. The chapter explains how our beliefs go beyond our conscious thoughts and how this is implicated in our worldview and ideology.

A Sea of Whiteness: Teaching Sexuality through a New Sociology at a U.S. American University

2021 ◽  
pp. 0092055X2110224
Author(s):  
Salvador Vidal-Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Social Location ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
American University ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Pedagogical Approaches

This article connects sociological analyses of race to sexuality to rethink the teaching of the sociology of sexualities. Through the use of the image of the sea, I locate whiteness as a root for the challenges in current pedagogical approaches at my institution, knowing that it is merely an example of multiple others facing similar problems at the structural level. Using autoethnography as a method to illustrate personal experiences in the classroom and the institution, I engage in two interrelated topics that structure this article. First, I explore how teaching sexualities studies from a sociological angle requires teaching about power. In the second part, I delve into how a neoliberal engagement with individualism and students’ singular social location influence the potential in students’ learning. The discussion and concluding parts propose thinking through some of the previous teaching on the sociology of sexualities to create it anew.

scholarly journals A Tale of Odds and Ratios: Political Preference Formation in Postindustrial Democracies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Wineroither ◽  
Rudolf Metz
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Preference Formation ◽  
Political Preference ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Gene Environment Interaction ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual

AbstractThis report surveys four approaches that are pivotal to the study of preference formation: (a) the range, validity, and theoretical foundations of explanations of political preferences at the individual and mass levels, (b) the exploration of key objects of preference formation attached to the democratic political process (i.e., voting in competitive elections), (c) the top-down vs. bottom-up character of preference formation as addressed in leader–follower studies, and (d) gene–environment interaction and the explanatory weight of genetic predisposition against the cumulative weight of social experiences.In recent years, our understanding of sites and processes of (individual) political-preference formation has substantially improved. First, this applies to a greater variety of objects that provide fresh insight into the functioning and stability of contemporary democracy. Second, we observe the reaffirmation of pivotal theories and key concepts in adapted form against widespread challenge. This applies to the role played by social stratification, group awareness, and individual-level economic considerations. Most of these findings converge in recognising economics-based explanations. Third, research into gene–environment interplay rapidly increases the number of testable hypotheses and promises to benefit a wide range of approaches already taken and advanced in the study of political-preference formation.

scholarly journals Producing deflective online strategies: Lessons from New Zealand women’s management of social media engagement

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Sarah Hendrica Bickerton ◽  
Karl Löfgren
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Gender Effect ◽  
Social Location ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Online Strategies ◽  
Twitter Users ◽  
Different Levels

Public engagement is a gendered experience, whether offline or online, something which is reflected in women’s experiences of social media. In this article, we seek to systematically explore the experiences from politically engaged women twitter users in New Zealand in order to draw some lessons, through a thematic and interpretative analytical approach, at four different strategic levels on how to deflect intimidating and aggressive behaviour. We conclude that understanding strategically how structural social locations like gender effect the ability to contribute to political participation and engagement, if addressed, can produce more inclusive and productive online political and policy spaces. Further, this strategic approach involves connecting together different levels of response to online negativity such as platform tools, space-curation, and monitoring, having these made coherent with each other, as well as with this strategic understanding of how structural social location plays into access and use of online political and policy spaces.

Preference Formation within Families

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-156
Author(s):  
Gary S. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Preference Formation

The Social Characterizations of Price: The Fool, the Faithful, the Frivolous, and the Frugal

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick F. Wherry
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Social Location ◽  
Social Meaning ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Meanings ◽  
Meaning Systems ◽  
Pricing System ◽  
Meaning Of Money

This article extends both Viviana Zelizer's discussion of the social meaning of money and Charles Smith's proposal that pricing is a definitional practice to the under-theorized realm of the social meanings generated in the pricing system. Individuals are attributed with calculating or not calculating whether an object or service is “worth” its price, but these attributions differ according to the individual's social location as being near to or far from a societal reference point rather than by the inherent qualities of the object or service purchased. Prices offer seemingly objective (quantitative) proof of the individual's “logic of appropriateness”—in other words, people like that pay prices such as those. This article sketches a preliminary but nonexhaustive typology of the social characterizations of individuals within the pricing system; these ideal types—the fool, the faithful, the frugal, and the frivolous—and their components offer a systematic approach to understanding prices as embedded in and constituents of social meaning systems.

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