Judgment and Decision Making Research in Auditing: A Task, Person, and Interpersonal Interaction Perspective

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (s-1) ◽  
pp. 41-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Nelson ◽  
Hun-Tong Tan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Judgment And Decision Making ◽  
Interpersonal Interaction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cumulative Knowledge

This paper discusses judgment and decision making research in auditing—i.e., research that uses a psychological lens to understand, evaluate, and improve judgments, decisions, or choices in an auditing setting. Much of this work uses the laboratory experiment approach, but we also cover related studies that use survey and field study approaches. We classify extant auditing judgment and decision making (JDM) literature as covering three broad areas: (1) the audit task, (2) the auditor and his/her attributes, and (3) interaction between auditor and other stakeholders in task performance. We use this task, person, and interaction categorization to assess the cumulative knowledge generated in the past 25 years, as well as to identify knowledge gaps and opportunities for future research.

The role of mobile devices in 21st-century family communication

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon L. Storch ◽  
Anna V. Ortiz Juarez-Paz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Family Communication ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Theory Analysis ◽  
The Past

Use of media devices has evolved over the past 10–15 years and the resulting effects on family communication are of interest for this study. Through 26 semi-structured interviews, the authors sought to understand the role mobile devices play in family communication. Qualitative grounded theory analysis was used to find themes and interpret results (Creswell, 2013). One overarching paradoxical theme emerged from these data, family connect–family disconnect. In family connect, categories of across distance, reassurances, and boundaries are shared. Within family disconnect, distractions, misunderstandings, and negative emotional responses are conveyed. Future research avenues recommended are decision making related to mobile devices based on values and morals, in-depth social media and app usage, emoji emotional responses, individuals under 18 and between 18 and 30 years old, and a network analysis of one extended family.

Auditing Fair Value Measurements: A Synthesis of Relevant Research

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger D. Martin ◽  
Jay S. Rich ◽  
T. Jeffrey Wilks
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Fair Value ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Judgment And Decision Making ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Fair Value Measurements

To contribute to the PCAOB project on auditing fair value measurements (FVMs), we synthesize relevant academic literature to offer insights, conclusions, and future research directions for auditors, standard-setters, and academics focusing on auditing FVMs. We structure our synthesis along two dimensions: (1) an emphasis on the auditor's need to understand how FVMs are prepared, and (2) the audit steps and procedures necessary to verify and attest to FVMs, including an awareness of the potential biases inherent in auditing FVMs. Drawing primarily from the judgment and decision-making literature, we highlight a number of potential biases and limitations in the preparation and audit of FVMs. Additionally, we note that the specialized valuation knowledge necessary to effectively audit FVMs will be difficult for auditors to gain and maintain.

scholarly journals Fear from Afar, Not So Risky After All: Distancing Moderates the Relationship Between Fear and Risk Taking

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewend Mayiwar ◽  
Fredrik Björklund
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Risk Estimation ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Judgment And Decision Making ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Relationship

A growing line of research has shown that individuals can regulate emotional biases in risky judgment and decision-making processes through cognitive reappraisal. In the present study, we focus on a specific tactic of reappraisal known as distancing. Drawing on appraisal theories of emotion and the emotion regulation literature, we examine how distancing moderates the relationship between fear and risk taking and anger and risk taking. In three pre-registered studies (Ntotal = 1,483), participants completed various risky judgment and decision-making tasks. Replicating previous results, Study 1 revealed a negative relationship between fear and risk taking and a positive relationship between anger and risk taking at low levels of distancing. Study 2 replicated the interaction between fear and distancing but found no interaction between anger and distancing. Interestingly, at high levels of distancing, we observed a reversal of the relationship between fear and risk taking in both Study 1 and 2. Study 3 manipulated emotion and distancing by asking participants to reflect on current fear-related and anger-related stressors from an immersed or distanced perspective. Study 3 found no main effect of emotion nor any evidence of a moderating role of distancing. However, exploratory analysis revealed a main effect of distancing on optimistic risk estimation, which was mediated by a reduction in self-reported fear. Overall, the findings suggest that distancing can help regulate the influence of incidental fear on risk taking and risk estimation. We discuss implications and suggestions for future research.

Effects of Differences in National Culture on Auditors' Judgments and Decisions: A Literature Review of Cross-Cultural Auditing Studies from a Judgment and Decision Making Perspective

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Nolder ◽  
Tracey J. Riley
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Judgment And Decision Making ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Probability Judgments ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Multicultural Environment ◽  
Audit Firms ◽  
Auditor Judgments

SUMMARY: Motivated by the growing cultural diversity of new hires in audit firms, this paper reviews the literature on cross-cultural differences in auditors' judgment and decision making (JDM). The overarching aim of the review is to summarize the current state of knowledge and compare our understanding of cross-cultural auditors' JDM with the broader cross-cultural JDM research in psychology to stimulate applied research. We develop a framework that categorizes those auditor judgments and decisions most likely affected by cross-cultural differences. The categories include auditors' confidence, risk and probability judgments, risk decisions, conflict decisions, and ethical judgments. We contribute to the cross-cultural audit research in four ways. First, we provide a framework by which future research can be synthesized within auditing and compared with psychology. Second, we recommend specific research questions to respond to both the gaps in extant literature and the changing multicultural environment of audit firms. Third, we advocate for an alternative theoretical approach beyond the examination of cultural traits. Finally, we argue that bicultural auditors represent an unexplored boundary condition on prior findings that warrants more immediate attention from audit researchers.

scholarly journals Threats of environmental mercury to birds: knowledge gaps and priorities for future research

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHAD L. SEEWAGEN
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Bird Conservation ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Life History Stages ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wildlife Populations ◽  
Present Understanding

SummaryAnthropogenic emissions of mercury have doubled over the past two centuries. Mercury is a dangerous neurotoxin that threatens human health and fish and wildlife populations. The effects of mercury on birds have been relatively well-studied in the laboratory and in nature. Several aspects of neurology, physiology, behaviour, and reproduction have been shown to be adversely affected. Many studies have documented ataxia, lethargy, reduced appetite, reduced egg production, poor hatching success, and aberrant parental care in birds exposed to mercury.The majority of the research done to date, however, has been focused on select taxa (waterbirds), trophic levels (piscivores), habitat types (aquatic systems), geographic regions (North America and Europe), and life history stages (reproduction), leaving the assessment of mercury's threats to birds incomplete. Successful bird conservation strategies are dependent on a comprehensive understanding of the threats facing populations. Here, I discuss the significant knowledge gaps that remain and subsequently suggest priorities for future mercury research in birds. Studies of mercury in terrestrial, insectivorous, and/or passerine species, and how mercury affects migration are especially recommended to fill gaps in our present understanding.

scholarly journals The Sustainable Management of Land and Fisheries Resources Using Multicriteria Techniques: A Meta-Analysis

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Luis Diaz-Balteiro ◽  
Carlos Iglesias-Merchan ◽  
Carlos Romero ◽  
Silvestre García de Jalón
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Multicriteria Decision Making ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Multicriteria Decision ◽  
The Past ◽  
Management Models ◽  
Fisheries Resources

In recent years modern societies have attached a multifunctional requirement to the use of renewable resources, making their optimal sustainable management more complex. In the last decades, in many cases, this complexity is addressed by formulating management models with the help of the concepts and methods belonging to the well-known multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) paradigm. The purpose of this paper was to undertake a hermeneutic meta-analysis of the literature provided in primary journals on issues related to the management of these resources with the help of the MCDM paradigm. In this way, the paper aimed to obtain new, basic insights with considerations that might improve the efficiency of future research in the field studied. The meta-analysis was implemented by formulating and testing a battery of hypotheses of how the MCDM methods have been used in the past for the formulation of management models for the type of resource analyzed.

The Path of Least Resistance

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuj K. Shah ◽  
Daniel M. Oppenheimer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Judgment And Decision Making ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Accessible Information ◽  
Different Parts

Recent work on judgment and decision making has focused on how people preferentially use cues, or pieces of relevant information, that are easy to access when making decisions. In this article, we discuss a framework for understanding the ways that cues become accessible. We begin by identifying two components of cues and show how these components can become accessible during different parts a decision process. We highlight evidence for the use of accessible information and discuss implications for future research on heuristics.

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