Women and Men in Accounting Textbooks: Exploring the Hidden Curriculum

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy M. Tietz
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Hidden Curriculum ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Accounting Faculty ◽  
Introductory Accounting ◽  
And Gender

The purpose of this study is to examine the representation of gender in introductory accounting textbooks. A content analysis of the homework items, the pictures, and the stories contained in 19 introductory accounting textbooks was conducted using both a quantitative and a qualitative approach. The results show that women and men are represented very differently throughout textbooks, thereby reinforcing gender stereotypes and gender role stratification. Given the accounting profession's explicit desire to increase diversity, accounting faculty need to be more aware of the implicit messages conveyed by our pedagogical materials.

scholarly journals Is ambition a gendered issue? Students´ vs employees´ antecedents of Ambition about Leadership

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-360
Author(s):  
Esther Lopez-Zafra ◽  
Nicolás Sánchez-Álvarez ◽  
Isabel Carmona-Cobo
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Leadership Position ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Core Self ◽  
The Impact

Los obstáculos a lo largo de la carrera de las mujeres demuestran que su ambición de convertirse en líder es compleja porque está influenciada por los estereotipos y roles de género. En este estudio, se les pidió a 625 participantes (54.24% mujeres) de dos categorías (379 estudiantes y 246 empleados) que imaginaran cómo reaccionarían ante un ascenso a una posición de liderazgo y posteriormente, completaron un cuestionario que incluía sus creencias sobre las consecuencias -evaluaciones, ambición, emociones positivas y negativas e ideología de roles de género. Los estudiantes fueron más ambiciosos que los empleados, independientemente de su género. Sin embargo, al analizar el impacto de la ambición en la decisión de aceptar una posición de liderazgo, observamos que el afecto positivo generado al imaginar una promoción es el aspecto clave para finalmente decidir aceptar la promoción, tanto en estudiantes como en empleados. Sin embargo, en los estudiantes, independientemente de su género, la decisión se predice por afecto negativo, evaluaciones de auto-concepto, pero no por niveles de ambición. Obstacles along women career demonstrate how ambition for becoming a leader is complex because it is influenced by gender stereotypes and roles. In this study, 625 participants (54.24% women) from two statuses (379 students and 246 employees) were asked to imagine how they would react to a promotion to a leadership position and then completed a questionnaire including their beliefs about the consequences, core self-evaluations, ambition, positive and negative emotions, and gender role ideology. Students were more ambitious than employees, regardless of their gender. However, when analyzing the impact of ambition on the decision of accepting a leadership position we observe that positive affect generated by imagining a promotion is the key aspect to finally decide to accept the promotion in both students and employees. However, in students, regardless of their gender, the decision is predicted by negative affect, core-self evaluations but not by levels of ambition.

FEAUTURES OF GENDER IN MODERN MASS MEDIA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myroslava Chornodon
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Comparative Methods ◽  
Functional Methods ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Modern Mass ◽  
Gender Concept

The article clarifies of gender identity stereotypes in modern media. The main gender stereotypes covered in modern mass media are analyzed and refuted. The model of gender relations in the media is reflected mainly in the stereotypical images of men and woman. The features of the use of gender concepts in modern periodicals for women and men were determined. The most frequently used derivatives of these macroconcepts were identified and analyzed in detail. It has been found that publications for women and men are full of various gender concepts that are used in different contexts. Ingeneral, theanalysisofthe concept-maximums and concept-minimum gender and their characteristics is carried out in the context of gender stereotypes that have been forme dand function in the society, system atizing the a ctual presentations. The study of the gender concept is relevant because it reveals new trends and features of modern gender images. Taking into account the special features of gender-labeled periodicals in general and the practical absence of comprehensive scientific studies of the gender concept in particular, there is a need to supplement Ukrainian science with this topic. Gender psychology, which is served by methods of various sciences, primarily sociological, pedagogical, linguistic, psychological, socio-psychological. Let us pay attention to linguistic and psycholinguistic methods in gender studies. Linguistic methods complement intelligence research tasks, associated with speech, word and text. Psycholinguistic methods used in gender psychology (semantic differential, semantic integral, semantic analysis of words and texts), aimed at studying speech messages, specific mechanisms of origin and perception, functions of speech activity in society, studying the relationship between speech messages and gender properties participants in the communication, to analyze the linguistic development in connection with the general development of the individual. Nowhere in gender practice there is the whole arsenal of psychological methods that allow you to explore psychological peculiarities of a person like observation, experiments, questionnaires, interviews, testing, modeling, etc. The methods of psychological self-diagnostics include: the gender aspect of the own socio-psychological portrait, a gender biography as a variant of the biographical method, aimed at the reconstruction of individual social experience. In the process of writing a gender autobiography, a person can understand the characteristics of his gender identity, as well as ways and means of their formation. Socio-psychological methods of studying gender include the study of socially constructed women’s and men’s roles, relationships and identities, sexual characteristics, psychological characteristics, etc. The use of gender indicators and gender approaches as a means of socio-psychological and sociological analysis broadens the subject boundaries of these disciplines and makes them the subject of study within these disciplines. And also, in the article a combination of concrete-historical, structural-typological, system-functional methods is implemented. Descriptive and comparative methods, method of typology, modeling are used. Also used is a method of content analysis for the study of gender content of modern gender-stamped journals. It was he who allowed quantitatively to identify and explore the features of the gender concept in the pages of periodicals for women and men. A combination of historical, structural-typological, system-functional methods is also implemented in the article. Descriptive and comparative methods, method of typology, modeling are used. A method of content analysis for the study of gender content of modern gender-labeled journals is also used. It allowed to identify and explore the features of the gender concept quantitatively in the periodicals for women and men. The conceptual perception and interpretation of the gender concept «woman», which is highlighted in the modern gender-labeled press in Ukraine, requires the elaboration of the polyfunctionality of gender interpretations, the comprehension of the metaphorical perception of this image and its role and purpose in society. A gendered approach to researching the gender content of contemporary periodicals for women and men. Conceptual analysis of contemporary gender-stamped publications within the gender conceptual sphere allows to identify and correlate the meta-gender and gender concepts that appear in society.

Raising Feminists

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phyllis A. Katz
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Parental Behavior ◽  
And Gender

This article considers the reasons for raising feminist children, how this concept might be operationalized, and what the correlates of such gender-flexible patterns might be. The data pertinent to gender-role acquisition and gender flexibility are drawn from an ongoing longitudinal study of over 200 children and their families that originated when the children were 6 months of age and continues until they enter school at age 6. Results suggest that despite the overdetermined and inevitable learning of gender stereotypes, variation exists in the degree to which even young children subscribe to the stereotypes. These variations seem to relate to some realms of parental behavior.

scholarly journals LA IMAGEN DE LAS PROFESORAS A TRAVÉS DEL CINE

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Felicidad Loscertales
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Overwhelming Majority ◽  
Women Teachers ◽  
Small Minority ◽  
The People ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Stereotypical Roles

Abstract.This is not a mere descriptive work but a way to denounce another case of violence against women: making them invisible. Women are an overwhelming majority of teaching professionals; however, they do not appear as protagonists of movies about teaching issues rather than as a small minority with extremely stereotypical roles. Bearing in mind that women represent most of the people who work as teachers, we wondered and analysed how they are portrayed in movies. Content analysis show two great fields:1- Teaching post occupied by women teachers.2- Their professional styles (types and qualities in the task of teaching)Among these we have determined categories and explicatory dynamics.Keywords: Film and Gender Stereotypes, Woman professors.Resumen.Este trabajo no es una descripción, sino una forma de denuncia: la de un caso más de violencia sobre las mujeres, hacerlas invisibles: Las mujeres, una mayoría abrumadora como profesionales de la docencia, no aparecen como protagonistas de películas de temas docentes más que en una exigua minoría con roles extraordinariamente estereotipados. Habida cuenta de que la mayoría de las personas que trabajan en la enseñanza son mujeres, nos hemos preguntado cómo las muestra el cine y el Análisis de Contenido muestra dos grandes campos: 1- Puestos docentes ocupados por mujeres profesoras. 2- Sus estilos profesionales (modalidades y calidades en la tarea de enseñar).Dentro de los cuales se han determinado las oportunas categorías y dinámicas explicativas.Palabras clave: Cine y Estereotipos de Género. Mujeres profesoras.

scholarly journals Exploring stereotypical perceptions of female players in digital gaming contexts

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Katherine Kaye ◽  
Claire E. Gresty ◽  
Natasha Stubbs-Ennis
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Digital Gaming ◽  
Gender Role Beliefs ◽  
Sexist Attitudes ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
And Gender

Gender stereotypes are still reported to exist in digital gaming contexts, despite the fact that participation of females is relatively equal to that of males. The current research explored a number of factors and their impact upon stereotypical perceptions and attitudes towards female players. This included; avatar gender, gender identity by gaming context, as well as more general gender-role beliefs. We undertook two studies, each utilising an online questionnaire targeted towards online players. Study 1 recruited online gamers (N= 489), and compared competence perceptions of players which varied by player gender (male, female) and avatar gender (male, female), whereby four conditions were established. Overall, player competence was perceived to be highest when male avatars were used, specifically when female players were depicted in this way. Study 2 explored the relationships between male social identity and gender-role beliefs, with sexist attitudes in gaming, and whether this varied by gaming context (MMO vs FPS). Male online gamers (N = 193) were recruited, of which 112 were MMO players and 81 were FPS players. It was found that identifying as male social identity was not related to sexist attitudes in either gaming context. However, more general gender-role beliefs were related to sexist attitudes. The findings indicate that although certain stereotypes exist (e.g., competence perceptions), these are not necessarily harvested by players’ identities within communities but may derive through more operational functions such as avatar gender.

scholarly journals Dagcrème voor mannen, bier voor vrouwen : Voorbij genderstereotypen in reclame?

Sociologie ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-173
Author(s):  
Dagmar Bicqué ◽  
Dick Houtman
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Television Commercials ◽  
And Gender

Abstract This paper studies representations of gender in television commercials that advertise products like beer and cosmetics to the gender they are traditionally not associated with. More specifically the question is whether, as literature about advertising and gender suggests, such commercials do indeed break with traditional gender stereotypes. A qualitative content analysis of ten commercials of this type reveals that this is not the case. Precisely because they need to try and bring about recognition and positive appreciation among the new target group, these commercials rather reproduce traditional gender stereotypes. So just like in ‘ordinary’ commercials men are represented here, too, as confident, active and interested in functionality, and women as insecure, passive and interested in aesthetics.

scholarly journals Living Up to a Name: Gender Role Behavior Varies With Forename Gender Typicality

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerianne M. Alexander ◽  
Kendall John ◽  
Tracy Hammond ◽  
Joanna Lahey
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Gender Socialization ◽  
Gender Typicality ◽  
Role Behavior ◽  
Variable Expression ◽  
Gender Role Behavior ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
Binary Gender

Forenames serve as proxies for gender labels that activate gender stereotypes and gender socialization. Unlike rigid binary gender categories, they differ in the degree to which they are perceived as “masculine” or “feminine.” We examined the novel hypothesis that the ability of a forename to signal gender is associated with gender role behavior in women (n = 215) and men (n = 127; M = 19.32, SD = 2.11) as part of a larger study evaluating forenames used in resume research. Compared to individuals endorsing a “gender-strong” forename, those perceiving their forename as relatively “gender-weak” reported less gender-typical childhood social behavior and a weaker expression of gender-linked personality traits. Our findings suggest that forenames strengthen or weaken gender socialization, gender identification, and so contribute to the variable expression of gender role behavior within binary gender groups.

Stereotype, Attitudes, and Identity

2013 ◽  
pp. 112-135 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Role Theory ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Role Identity ◽  
Role Expectations ◽  
Gender Role Attitude ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gendered Expectations ◽  
Dominant Theory

This chapter aims to: look at gendered expectations and stereotypes; identify what is viewed as gender appropriate behaviour that contributes to the barriers women face in terms of their careers; consider how an individual’s gender role attitude can influence career choice; discuss the dominant theory in the area, social role theory, and how this is an important theory when looking at women’s roles within the workplace especially women working in gender incongruent occupations and industries, as the theory is concerned with gender stereotypes and gender role expectations; and discuss the role identity plays in career development and choice.

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