scholarly journals Mini-implant stability at the initial healing period: A clinical pilot study

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Nienkemper ◽  
Benedict Wilmes ◽  
Alexander Pauls ◽  
Dieter Drescher
Keyword(s):  
Healing Process ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Insertion Depth ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
Healing Period ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Stability

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the changes of mini-implant stability over the initial healing period in humans. Material and Methods: A sample of 19 consecutively treated patients (mean age 15.5 ± 7.3 years) was examined. In each patient, a mini-implant of a size of 2 × 9 mm was inserted into the anterior palate. Implant stability was assessed using resonance frequency analysis (RFA) immediately after insertion (T0), 2 weeks later (T1), 4 weeks later (T2), and 6 weeks later (T3). Insertion depth (ID) and the maximum insertion torque (IT) were measured. Data were tested for correlations between RFA, ID, and IT. All RFA values were tested for statistically significant differences between the different times. Results: The mean ID was 7.5 ± 0.6 mm, and the mean IT was 16.8 ± 0.6 Ncm. A correlation was found between RFA and ID (r  =  .726, P < .0001), whereas no correlations between RFA and IT or between IT and ID were observed. From T0 to T1, the stability (36.1 ± 6.1 implant stability quotient [ISQ]) decreased nonsignificantly by 4.9 ± 6.1 ISQ values (P > .05). Between T1 and T2, the stability decreased highly significantly (P < .001) by 7.9 ± 5.9 ISQ values. From T2 on, RFA remained nearly unchanged (−1.7 ± 3.5 ISQ; P > .05). Conclusions: Mini-implant stability is subject to changes during the healing process. During weeks 3 and 4, a significant decrease of the stability was observed. After 4 weeks, the stability did not change significantly.

scholarly journals Monitoring the Changes of Material Properties at Bone-Implant Interface during the Healing Process In Vivo: A Viscoelastic Investigation

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hsiang-Ho Chen ◽  
Wei-Yi Lai ◽  
Tze-Jian Chee ◽  
Ya-Hui Chan ◽  
Sheng-Wei Feng
Keyword(s):  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
The Mean

The aim of this study was to monitor the changes of viscoelastic properties at bone-implant interface via resonance frequency analysis (RFA) and the Periotest device during the healing process in an experimental rabbit model. Twenty-four dental implants were inserted into the femoral condyles of rabbits. The animals were sacrificed immediately after implant installation or on day 14, 28, or 56 after surgery. Viscoelastic properties at bone-implant interface were evaluated by measuring the implant stability quotient (ISQ) using RFA and by measuring the Periotest values (PTVs) using the Periotest device. The bone/implant specimens were evaluated histopathologically and histomorphometrically to determine the degree of osseointegration (BIC%). The BIC% values at different time points were then compared with the corresponding ISQ values and PTVs. The mean ISQ value increased gradually and reached 81±1.7 on day 56, whereas the mean PTV decreased over time, finally reaching −0.7±0.5 on day 56. Significant correlations were found between ISQ and BIC% (r=0.701, p<0.001), PTV and BIC% (r=-0.637, p<0.05), and ISQ and PTV (r=-0.68, p<0.05). These results show that there is a positive correlation between implant stability parameters and peri-implant-bone healing, indicating that the RFA and Periotest are useful for measuring changes of viscoelastic properties at bone-implant interface and are reliable for indirectly predicting the degree of osseointegration.

scholarly journals Relevant Design Aspects to Improve the Stability of Titanium Dental Implants

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1910 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Herrero-Climent ◽  
P. López-Jarana ◽  
B. F. Lemos ◽  
F. J. Gil ◽  
C. Falcão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Stability ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Everyday Clinical Practice ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The One ◽  
Implant System ◽  
Titanium Dental Implants

Post-extractional implants and immediate loading protocols are becoming much more frequent in everyday clinical practice. Given the existing literature about tapered implants, the objective of this paper was to understand whether implant shape had a direct influence on the results of the insertion torque (IT) and implant stability quotient (ISQ). Seven tapered implant prototypes were developed and distributed into three groups and compared with a control cylindrical implant—VEGA by Klockner Implant System. The implants were inserted into bovine bone type III according to Lekholm and Zarb Classification. The sample size was n = 30 for the three groups. Final IT was measured with a torquemeter, and the ISQ was measured with Penguin Resonance Frequency Analysis (RFA). Modifications done to the Prototype I did not reveal higher values of the ISQ and IT when compared to VEGA. In the second group, when comparing the five prototypes (II–VI) with VEGA, it was seen that the values of the ISQ and IT were not always higher, but there were two values of the ISQ that were statistically significantly higher with the 4.0 mm diameter Prototypes II (76.3 ± 6.1) and IV (78 ± 3.7). Prototype VII was the one with higher and significant values of the ISQ and IT. In both diameters and in both variables, all differences were statistically significant enough to achieve the higher values of primary stability values (IT and ISQ). Given the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that when there is an increase of the diameter of the implant and body taper, there is an increase of the ISQ and IT, showing that the diameter of the implant is an important criteria to obtain higher values of primary stability.

Assessment of Dental Implant Stability in Areas Previously Submitted to Maxillary Sinus Elevation

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Câmara Silva ◽  
Elton Gonçalves Zenóbio ◽  
Paulo Eduardo Alencar Souza ◽  
Rodrigo Villamarim Soares ◽  
Maurício Greco Cosso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Sinus Lift ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Air Motor ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
Secondary Stability

This study aimed to compare the primary and secondary stability, measured by resonance frequency analysis (RFA), in implants of different lengths installed in areas submitted to maxillary sinus lift. Correlation between RFA and implant insertion torque was also assessed. Twenty implants of 9 and 11 mm were inserted in areas submitted to maxillary sinus lift. The insertion torque was measured by the Bien Air motor. Osstell, through RFA, determined the implant stability quotient (ISQ) 2 times: the day of implant installation (T1) and 90 days after implant installation (T2). No differences were observed in the ISQ between T1 and T2 when the 20 implants were grouped, nor when the 9 mm implants were evaluated separately. In contrast, when the 11 mm values were evaluated separately, the ISQ was significantly higher in T2 than in T1 (P &lt; .05). In T1, 9 mm implants had a higher ISQ than 11 mm ones (P &lt; .05), whereas in T2, the implants of 11 mm showed a higher ISQ than did the 9 mm implants (P &lt; .05). There was no difference in insertion torque between 9 and 11 mm implants (P &gt; .05), nor was there a correlation between ISQ and insertion torque (P &gt; .05). In conclusion, longer implants (11 mm) presented a significant increase in ISQ values during the healing period when installed in areas previously submitted to maxillary sinus lift. This phenomenon was not observed for shorter implants (9 mm). Finally, no correlation was observed between ISQ and insertion torque.

scholarly journals What is the Effect of Implant-tooth Distance on Resonance Frequency Analysis Measurements?

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-129
Author(s):  
Mohammed Jasim Aljuboori ◽  
Luiz Carlos Magno Filho ◽  
Farah Saadi Al-Obaidi ◽  
Hussein Ali Al-Wakeel ◽  
Maan Ibrahim Al-Marzok
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Healing Period ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Correlation Tests ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Objectives The volume and density of the bone surrounding an implant directly affect the implant stability during the healing period. The aim of this study was to determine the correlations between resonance frequency analysis (RFA) readings and implant-tooth distances at the crestal and average apicalcrestal levels. Materials and methods Nine patients received 22 implants. Periapical radiographs were taken at 6 weeks, and the implant-tooth mesial and distal crestal level distances were measured, along with the mesial and distal apical levels. The average mesial (AM) and average distal (AD) apical-crestal distances were calculated. In cases in which either the AM or the AD of the implant was below 4 mm, the specimens were placed in the AMD– group; when both the AM and the AD were greater than 4 mm, the specimens were placed in the AMD+ group. The lower values were used for both groups. Resonance frequency analysis measurements were taken in the mesiodistal direction at 6 weeks. The correlations between the mean RFAs and the means of the distances were examined using Spearman's or Pearson's correlation tests, depending on the distributions of the data. Results The mean and SD of the AD group was 3.99 ± 3.19. The mean and SD of the AM group was 3.80 ± 2.67. The mean and SD of the AD– group was 2.72 ± 0.89. The mean and SD of the AD+ group was 6.34 ± 2.94. The mean and SD of the RFAs at 6 weeks was 77.82 ± 5.24, and for the AMD– and AMD+ groups, these measures were 78 ± 5.55 and 77.64 ± 5.36, respectively. None of the correlations between the RFAs and any of the distances were significant: AD (r = 0.114; Pearson's test, p < 0.05), AM (r = – 0.217; Spearman's test p < 0.05), AMD– (r = 0.248; Pearson's test, p < 0.05), and AMD+ (r = 0.3; Spearman's test, p < 0.05). Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, no correlations between the RFA readings and the implant-tooth distances were found at any level or distance. How to cite this article Aljuboori MJ, Filho LCM, Al-Obaidi FS, Al-Wakeel HA, Al-Marzok MI. What is the Effect of Implant-tooth Distance on Resonance Frequency Analysis Measurements? Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2015;4(2):124-129.

scholarly journals Is It Possible to Monitor Implant Stability on a Prosthetic Abutment? An In Vitro Resonance Frequency Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4073
Author(s):  
Paula López-Jarana ◽  
Carmen María Díaz-Castro ◽  
Artur Falcão ◽  
Blanca Ríos-Carrasco ◽  
Ana Fernandez-Palacín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The One ◽  
Implant System

In order to apply the “one-abutment–one-time” concept, we evaluated the possibility of measuring resonance frequency analysis (RFA) on the abutment. This trial aimed to compare the Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) values obtained by the PenguinRFA when screwing the transducer onto the implant or onto abutments with different heights and angulations. Eighty implants (VEGA®, Klockner Implant System, SOADCO, Les Escaldes, Andorra) were inserted into fresh bovine ribs. The groups were composed of 20 implants, 12 mm in length, with two diameters (3.5 and 4 mm). Five different abutments for screwed retained restorations (Permanent®) were placed as follows: straight with 1, 2, and 3 mm heights, and angulated at 18° with 2 and 3 mm heights. The mean value of the ISQ measured directly on the implant was 75.72 ± 4.37. The mean value of the ISQ registered over straight abutments was 79.5 ± 8.50, 76.12 ± 6.63, and 71.42 ± 6.86 for 1, 2, and 3 mm height abutments. The mean ISQ over angled abutments of 2 and 3 mm heights were 68.74 ± 4.68 and 64.51 ± 4.53 respectively. The present study demonstrates that, when the ISQ is registered over the straight abutments of 2 and 3 mm heights, the values decrease, and values are lower for angled, 3 mm height abutments.

scholarly journals The Effects of Defect Type and Depth, and Measurement Direction on the Implant Stability Quotient Value

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 652-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Yun Shin ◽  
Seung-Il Shin ◽  
Seung-Beom Kye ◽  
Jongrak Hong ◽  
Jun-Young Paeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Defect Size ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Defect Type ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
Measurement Direction ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Value Measurement

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of defect type and depth as well as measurement direction on implant stability in an ex vivo peri-implant bovine rib bone model. Six kinds of defects (3-wall 2.5 mm, 3-wall 5 mm, 1-wall 2.5 mm, 1-wall 5 mm, circumferential 2.5 mm, circumferential 5 mm), and control (no defect) were prepared in 14 bovine rib bones. A total of 84 defects and 14 controls were created. The same type and size of implants (4 × 10 mm) were placed in each group. The thickness of cortical bone and the insertion torque were measured for each defect, and the implant stability quotient (ISQ) value was measured 3 times from 4 different directions. The thickness of cortical bone ranged from 2.71–3.18 mm. Insertion torque decreased as the defect size increased. As the defect size for the same defect depth increased, the ISQ value decreased (P &lt; .001). There were significant differences between the ISQ values obtained with different measurement directions only between the control and 3-wall 5 mm defect (P &lt; .0001). The ISQ value opposite to the defect direction was higher than that in the defect direction in all 3 directions of the 3-wall and 1-wall 5 mm defects. ISQ values were influenced by defect type and depth. Loss of cortical bone reduced the stability of implants and reduced the ISQ value. Measurement direction also influenced ISQ values.

scholarly journals Relation Between Insertion Torque and Implant Stability Quotient: A Clinical Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Paulo do Vale Souza ◽  
Clóvis Lamartine de Moraes Melo Neto ◽  
Lucas Tavares Piacenza ◽  
Emily Vivianne Freitas da Silva ◽  
André Luiz de Melo Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Secondary Stability

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to assess the relation between the insertion torque and implant stability quotient (ISQ recorded immediately and 6 months after implant placement). Materials and Methods Twenty-five patients over the age of 18 years were selected for this study. One implant was placed per patient after tooth extraction. The implant site needed 15 mm in height and 8 mm in width. All implants had the same size (11.5 × 3.75 mm) and brand (Hexagonal Morse cone, DSP Biomedical). The insertion torque (Ncm) and resonance frequency analysis (ISQ value) (Osstell Mentor) were used to assess the primary stability (on the day of surgery). After 6 months, ISQ value was used to assess the secondary stability of each implant. Statistical Analysis The insertion torque data were correlated with ISQ measurements by using Pearson’s correlation. The significance level was 5%. Results There was a positive correlation between insertion torque and initial ISQ (correlation: 0.457; p = 0.022); however, no correlation was found between insertion torque and final ISQ (p = 0.308). Conclusion The present study demonstrated that there is a positive correlation between the insertion torque and the initial ISQ. Therefore, the higher the insertion torque, the higher the initial ISQ (or vice versa).

scholarly journals Does the manual insertion torque of smartpegs affect the outcome of implant stability quotients (ISQ) during resonance frequency analysis (RFA)?

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Kästel ◽  
Giles de Quincey ◽  
Jörg Neugebauer ◽  
Robert Sader ◽  
Peter Gehrke
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
Finger Pressure

Abstract Background There is disagreement about the optimal torque for tightening smartpegs for resonance frequency analysis (RFA). Subjective finger pressure during hand tightening could affect the reliability of the resulting values. The aim of the current study was therefore to assess whether or not the insertion torque of a smartpeg magnetic device influences the implant stability quotient (ISQ) value during RFA. Methods Thirty self-tapping screw implants (XiVE S, Dentsply Sirona Implants, Bensheim, Germany) with a diameter of 3.8 mm and a length of 11 mm were inserted in three cow ribs with a bone quality of D1. The RFA value of each implant was measured (Ostell, FA W&H Dentalwerk, Bürmoos, Austria) in two orthogonal directions (mesial and buccal) after tightening the corresponding smartpeg type 45 with a mechanically defined value of 5 Ncm (Meg Torq device, Megagen, Daegu, South Korea) (test). Additionally, 4 different examiners measured the RFA after hand tightening the smartpegs, and the results were compared (control). Insertion torque values were determined by measuring the unscrew torque of hand seated smartpegs (Tohnichi Manufacturing Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan). Results The ISQ values varied from 2 to 11 Ncm by hand tightening and from 2 to 6 Ncm by machine tightening. The comparison of hand and machine tightening of smartpegs displayed only minor differences in the mean ISQ values with low standard deviations (mesial 79.76 ± 2,11, buccal 77.98 ± 2,) and no statistical difference (mesial p = 0,343 and buccal p = 0,890). Conclusions Manual tightening of smartpeg transducers allows for an objective and reliable determination of ISQ values during RFA.

Developing Stability of Posterior Mandibular Implants Placed With Osteotome Expansion Technique Compared With Conventional Drilling Techniques

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Ting Lin ◽  
Adrienne Hong ◽  
Ying-Chin Peng ◽  
Hsiang-Hsi Hong
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Conventional Technique ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
Expansion Technique ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Conventional Drilling ◽  
Secondary Stability

Clinical decisions regarding the stability and osseointegration of mandibular implants positioned using the bone expansion techniques are conflicting and limited. The objective was to evaluate the stability of implants placed using 2 surgical techniques, selected according to the initial width of the mandibular posterior edentulous ridge, with D3 bone density, during a 12-week period. Fifty-eight implants in 33 patients were evaluated. Thirty-two implants in 24 patients were positioned using the osteotome expansion technique, and 26 fixtures in 17 patients were installed using the conventional drilling technique. The implant stability quotient values were recorded at weeks 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 postsurgery and evaluated using analysis of variance, independent, and paired t tests. Calibrated according to the stability reading of a 3.3-mm diameter implant, the osteotome expansion group was associated with a lower bone density than the conventional group (64.96 ± 6.25 vs 68.98 ± 5.06, P = .011). The osteotome expansion group achieved a comparable primary stability (ISQb-0, P = .124) and greater increases in secondary stability (ISQb-12, P = .07) than did the conventional technique. A D3 quality ridge with mild horizontal deficiency is expandable by using the osteotome expansion technique. Although the 2 groups presented similar implant stability quotient readings during the study period, the osteotome expansion technique showed significant improvement in secondary stability. The healing patterns for these techniques are therefore inconsistent.

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