scholarly journals Nationwide Trends in Cardiac Risk and Mortality in Patients With Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Danish Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Gyldenkerne ◽  
Jakob S. Knudsen ◽  
Kevin K. W. Olesen ◽  
Henrik T. Sørensen ◽  
Hans E. Bøtker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Incident Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Medications

OBJECTIVE Trends in cardiac risk and death have not been examined in patients with incident type 2 diabetes and no prior cardiovascular disease. Therefore, we aimed to examine trends in cardiac risk and death in relation to use of prophylactic cardiovascular medications in patients with incident type 2 diabetes without prior cardiovascular disease. <p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In this population-based cohort study, we included patients with incident type 2 diabetes between 1996 and 2011 through national health registries. Each patient was matched by age and sex with up to 5 persons without diabetes from the general population. All individuals were followed for 7 years.</p> <p>RESULTS We identified 209,311 patients with incident diabetes. From 1996-1999 to 2008-2011, the 7-year risk of myocardial infarction decreased from 6.9% to 2.8% (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.39, 95% CI 0.37-0.42), cardiac death from 7.1% to 1.6% (aHR 0.23, 95% CI 0.21-0.24), and all-cause death from 28.9% to 16.8% (aHR 0.68, 95% CI 0.66-0.69). Compared to the general population, 7-year risk differences decreased from 3.3% to 0.8% for myocardial infarction, from 2.7% to 0.5% for cardiac death, and from 10.6% to 6.0% for all-cause death. Use of cardiovascular medications within ±1 year of diabetes diagnosis, especially statins (5% users in 1996-1999 vs. 60% in 2008-2011), increased during the study period.</p> <p>CONCLUSIONS From 1996 to 2011, Danish patients with incident type 2 diabetes and no prior cardiovascular disease experienced major reductions in cardiac risk and mortality. The risk reductions coincided with increased use of prophylactic cardiovascular medications. </p> <br> <p> </p>

scholarly journals Nationwide Trends in Cardiac Risk and Mortality in Patients With Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Danish Cohort Study

Diabetes Care ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. dc210383
Author(s):  
Christine Gyldenkerne ◽  
Jakob S. Knudsen ◽  
Kevin K.W. Olesen ◽  
Henrik T. Sørensen ◽  
Hans E. Bøtker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Incident Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Danish Cohort

[beta]eta-hydroxybutyrate and risk for incident type 2 diabetes: results from the prevend prospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose L Flores-Guerrero ◽  
Margery A Connelly ◽  
Dion Groothof ◽  
Eke G Gruppen ◽  
Stephan JL Bakker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Incident Type 2 Diabetes

scholarly journals Serum Levels of Apolipoproteins and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study

Diabetes Care ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adela Brahimaj ◽  
Symen Ligthart ◽  
M. Arfan Ikram ◽  
Albert Hofman ◽  
Oscar H. Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Incident Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract 018: Two-year Changes of Adiponectin after Bariatric Surgery and Their Association with Incident Type 2 Diabetes, Cardiovascular Disease, Cancer and Mortality: Results from the Swedish Obese Subjects Study

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Herder ◽  
Markku Peltonen ◽  
Per-Arne Svensson ◽  
Maren Carstensen ◽  
Peter Jacobson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Surgery Group ◽  
Obese Subjects

Introduction: Adiponectin has anti-inflammatory, insulin-sensitising and atheroprotective effects in rodents. Although serum adiponectin is uniformly downregulated in obesity, its clinical relevance in humans seems more complex. It is not known whether changes in circulating adiponectin predict type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer and mortality in an obese population. Hypothesis: We hypothesised that adiponectin levels are upregulated substantially after weight loss following bariatric surgery and that pronounced increases of adiponectin should offer better protection for individuals against type 2 diabetes. In addition, findings for type 2 diabetes should be compared to associations with cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, cancer and mortality. Methods: Serum concentrations of total adiponectin were measured in 3,223 participants of the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) Study (1,533 in the bariatric surgery group: 229 with gastric bypass, 1056 with vertical banded gastroplasty, 248 with adjustable gastric banding; 1,690 in the control group without surgery) at study baseline and after 2 years. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) per 1 standard deviation (SD) of 2-year changes (concentration at year 2 - concentration at baseline) in adiponectin were calculated for incident type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, cancer and mortality in the combined surgery group. Numbers of cases were 93, 122, 78, 55, 82 and 179, respectively. Median follow-up times ranged from 10 years for diabetes up to 16 years for mortality. Results: Mean (SD) levels of adiponectin at baseline were 7,453 (4,150) ng/ml in the combined surgery group and 8,247 (4,846) ng/ml in the control group. During the first 2 years of follow-up, adiponectin levels increased in the surgery group by 4,850 (5,387) ng/ml (parallel to a loss of 24% of body weight) and decreased slightly by 270 (2,650) ng/ml in the control group (parallel to a slight gain of 0.1% body weight). The degree of correlation between changes in adiponectin and weight loss in kg was more pronounced in the surgery groups compared with the control group (p=0.001 for interaction). Two-year increases in adiponectin in the surgery group were associated with decreased risk of type 2 diabetes (HR [95% CI] 0.61 [0.38-0.98], adjusted for baseline data for age, sex, BMI, lipids, blood pressure, alcohol consumption, smoking, anti-hypertensive drugs, glucose, insulin), but not with cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, cancer and mortality (adjusted HR between 0.89 and 1.05). Conclusions: Weight loss after bariatric surgery is paralleled by a substantial increase in circulating adiponectin. The degree of upregulation of adiponectin is associated with protection against future type 2 diabetes, but not with the incidence of cardiovascular outcomes, cancer or mortality.

408Albuminuria as a predictor of incident ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes but without cardiovascular disease: A Danish cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M V Fangel ◽  
P B Nielsen ◽  
J K Kristensen ◽  
T B Larsen ◽  
T F Overvad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Abstract Background Risk stratification in patients with type 2 diabetes continues to be an important priority in the management of diabetes-related morbidity and mortality. International guidelines generally recognize patients with diabetes and cardiovascular disease as high-risk patients. Risk stratification is, however, more uncertain in diabetes patients without cardiovascular disease. Micro- and macroalbuminuria have previously been identified as predictors of cardiovascular events and mortality in general cohorts of diabetes patients. However, less is known about the predictive value of albuminuria in patients with diabetes but without established cardiovascular disease. Purpose We aimed to examine the association between albuminuria level and the risk of ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and without a diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. Methods We linked Danish nationwide registries to identify patients with type 2 diabetes and without cardiovascular disease from May 2005 through June 2015. Based on two consecutive measurements of the urinary albumin excretion rate or albumin-to-creatinine ratio patients were stratified in categories of normoalbuminuria, microalbuminuria, and macroalbuminuria. Patients were followed for the outcomes ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and all-cause mortality until December 31, 2015. Five-year risk of outcomes were presented as cumulative incidence functions (with death as a competing event). Associations between albuminuria level and incidence of ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and all-cause mortality were evaluated with Cox proportional hazard regression adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors. Results The study population included 78,841 patients with type 2 diabetes (44.7% females, mean age 63.2). When comparing patients with microalbuminuria to patients with normoalbuminuria in an age- and sex-adjusted analysis, we found hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.45 (95% CI: 1.24–1.69), 1.45 (95% CI: 1.24–1.70), and 1.50 (95% CI: 1.39–1.61) for ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and all-cause mortality, respectively. Furthermore, macroalbuminuria was associated with HRs of 2.05 (95% CI: 1.70–2.48), 2.25 (95% CI: 1.86–2.71), and 2.03 (95% CI: 1.85–2.23) for ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and all-cause mortality, respectively. Similar results were found after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusions In this nationwide cohort study of patients with type 2 diabetes but without cardiovascular disease, patients with micro- and macroalbuminuria had a higher risk of incident ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and all-cause mortality. This finding supports that patients with micro- or macroalbuminuria should be screened regularly and followed closely in clinical practice. Moreover, these findings suggest that patients with type 2 diabetes and micro- or macroalbuminuria may benefit from intensive vascular risk reduction.

scholarly journals Periodontitis and incident type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis Winning ◽  
Christopher C. Patterson ◽  
Charlotte E. Neville ◽  
Frank Kee ◽  
Gerard J. Linden
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Incident Type 2 Diabetes
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