scholarly journals Antologiens sentrale begreper og perspektiver

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-25
Author(s):  
Bente Lilljan Lind Kassah ◽  
Hilde Nordahl-Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Managerial Discretion ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Welfare Services ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Job Recruitment

This chapter provides an overview of key concepts and theoretical perspectives used in the anthology and points out fundamental challenges in the practice of professional welfare. ‘Competence’ and ‘knowledge’ often have different meanings, and there is a need for increased awareness of the understanding of these concepts. This chapter highlights how the managerial discretion, learning, system blindness, power executing and paradoxes may cause tensions and how these in turn may inhibit the realization of required changes. Internal or external job recruitment may have an impact on managers’ freedom to act. To raise the quality and competence within the professional welfare services, it is necessary to be aware of the unique and multi-faceted challenges in the field.

scholarly journals The dynamics of Pecking Order and Agency theories on crowdfunding concept as alternate finance for start-up businesses

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Francis Kwaku Kuma ◽  
Mohd Effandi Yosuff
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Pecking Order ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

The study explores the relevance of theoretical aspect of crowd financing by reviewing the defining literature on Pecking Order and Agency theories in details and evaluates applications of these theories based on crowdfunding. In particular, the study critically considers the key concepts of these theories and how they could be applied in practical terms. The study decides to adopt Pecking Order and the Agency theories because they provide valuable insights into the trend of crowdfunding streams available to firms. The paper primarily adds to existing literature on the broader definition of crowdfunding as a concept and then examine the relationship between this concept and its practical applications to the chosen theories. The study combines these theoretical perspectives with the practical aspects of startup companies raising finance using the crowd because a broad reading of the literature tends to point to in this direction. The key concepts of these theories are critically considered and the study is conducted in the form of review of literature and expression of opinion. Citation: author1, author2, author3. The dynamics of Pecking Order and Agency theories on crowdfunding concept as alternate finance for start-up businesses. 2020; 4(1): 1－13.Received: (February 2, 2020) Accepted: (March 31, 2020)

Trailer Park Boys and the Promotional Cultures of Cannabis in Canada: Audiences, Influencers, and Imminent Commodities

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-435
Author(s):  
Ryan J. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Cultural System ◽  
Consumer Capitalism ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Ideological Tensions

While Canada, like most other nation states, has adopted various aspects of neoliberalism, the recent Cannabis Act presents ideological tensions and practical concerns given its advertising and promotional restrictions. Given the rise of neoliberalism within the dominant social, economic, and cultural system of consumer capitalism, it seems contradictory for the Canadian state to develop legislation that creates (or at least, legalizes) a new market wherein advertising and promotions (i.e., the driving forces of consumer capitalism) are effectively made absent. This article identifies and interrogates the existing tensions and contradictions between the Cannabis Act and the promotional cultures of consumer capitalism, as well as the ways in which the Trailer Park Boys (TPB) “brand” and performers (as promotional intermediaries) have attempted to circumvent the existing promotional restrictions. Beginning with a review of the existing literature regarding relevant theoretical perspectives and key concepts, the article provides a brief overview of the Cannabis Act, its promotional restrictions, and the exemptions and legal loopholes thereof. Finally, in presenting and engaging with a case study, this article concludes that the TPB brand has, effectively, circumvented the Cannabis Act’s existing restrictions and subsequently become a multi-platform promotional intermediary.

Research Challenges for Integration of E-Collaboration Technologies

2011 ◽  
pp. 41-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjørn Erik Munkvold ◽  
Ilze Zigurs
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Technology Support ◽  
Integrated Technology ◽  
Organizational Issues ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
State Of Practice ◽  
Significant Opportunity ◽  
Collaboration Technologies

Integrated technology support for collaborative work is a topic of great interest to academics and practitioners alike. E-collaboration has become a vibrant and fruitful area of research and application from many perspectives. Integration remains a major challenge, however, and a significant opportunity exists to advance the state of practice as well as research. We provide an overview of different forms of integrated e-collaboration technologies, along with examples of key application areas. Based on these examples, we analyze the research opportunities and challenges and provide a set of recommendations for advancing our understanding of integrated e-collaboration technologies. The focus throughout is on behavioral and organizational issues related to these technologies and their underlying theoretical perspectives. The overarching goal of the chapter is to identify important needs for research, based on a clear understanding of the key concepts, issues, and existing knowledge.

Prologue—Setting the Stage

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Abbie E. Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Foster Care ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Adoptive Families ◽  
The Past ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Over Time

The prologue provides historical context for the book, detailing, for example, how adoption has changed over time, particularly with regard to structural openness (i.e., contact between birth and adoptive families) and communicative openness in adoption (i.e., how parents talk about adoption), two key concepts in the book. In addition to changes in openness, other major societal shifts have occurred over the past several decades that impact and intersect with adoption: namely, the rise in gay parenthood and the rise and expansion of the Internet in society. The prologue also introduces the research participants who were interviewed for the book: namely, lesbian, gay, and heterosexual couples who adopted through private domestic adoption or foster care, and who were interviewed at various points from preadoption to 8 years after they adopted. The prologue also addresses the major theoretical perspectives (family systems, life course, developmental) that frame the book.

scholarly journals Ledelse av profesjonalisert velferd i et paradoksteoretisk perspektiv

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-129
Author(s):  
Bodil S. Olsvik
Keyword(s):  
Child Welfare ◽  
Managerial Discretion ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Child Welfare Services ◽  
Leadership Challenges ◽  
Welfare Services ◽  
Paradoxical Thinking ◽  
Unexplored Area ◽  
Leadership Competence ◽  
Paradox Theory

Despite an increased focus on the professionalisation of welfare leadership, leadership challenges in the healthcare sector and child welfare services are an unexplored area. This chapter deals with welfare leadership, and attention is directed at the nature of these challenges and how paradox theory can be used to describe and explain them. This chapter shows that the framework and conditions of welfare leadership are often contradictory and that demands and expectations are often characterised by paradoxes. Major reforms have been implemented in Norway in recent years, and increased quality, expanded expertise and stronger leadership have been among the focus areas. Many leaders in the healthcare sector and child welfare services increasingly experience conflicting and intersecting governance requirements, and everyday leadership is characterised by complexity, uncertainty and stress. Leaders in complex, contradictory and quotidian conditions experience challenges in the areas of managerial discretion and broader leadership competence. Finally, the author discusses the need for leaders to develop competence in handling dilemmas by acquiring training in paradoxical thinking and handling complexity.

scholarly journals Contracting for social and welfare services : the changing relationship between government and the voluntary sector in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Verna May Smith
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Voluntary Sector ◽  
Funding Agency ◽  
Simple Process ◽  
Welfare Services ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Waitangi Tribunal ◽  
Small Team

<p>Ten years ago, the provision of government funding for the social and welfare services delivered by voluntary sector service providers was a simple process. In evidence presented to the Waitangi Tribunal in support of a claim by a Charitable Trust against the actions of the New Zealand Community Funding Agency heard last year, a witness who was employed by the Department of Social Welfare from early in 1988 describes the process at that time thus: The Department of Social Welfare has operated funding programmes for many years...these programmes were grant funding. That is there was no contracting nor reporting as presently known. Also they were operated on a Head Ofiice Wellington decision on the recommendation of a small team (3 or 4 people based in a Regional OfiBce Auckland).(Crown Law Office, 1994 c, 6) This simple process has, in the last decade, been replaced by a funding relationship between government and the voluntary sector which owes its origins primarily to theory emanating from the study ofthe operation of private markets and the internal organisation of firms within the marketplace. Agency theory and Transaction costs analysis, along with other theoretical perspectives from the world ofthe private business sector, have had a substantial influence upon the restructuring ofthe public sector in New Zealand during the last decade and in particular have provided the theoretical basis for the transformation of the relationship between government and the voluntary sector into one of principal and agents, bound by contractual terms and a regulatory framework for the monitoring of quantity and quality of social and welfare service outputs.</p>

scholarly journals Contracting for social and welfare services : the changing relationship between government and the voluntary sector in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Verna May Smith
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Voluntary Sector ◽  
Funding Agency ◽  
Simple Process ◽  
Welfare Services ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Waitangi Tribunal ◽  
Small Team

<p>Ten years ago, the provision of government funding for the social and welfare services delivered by voluntary sector service providers was a simple process. In evidence presented to the Waitangi Tribunal in support of a claim by a Charitable Trust against the actions of the New Zealand Community Funding Agency heard last year, a witness who was employed by the Department of Social Welfare from early in 1988 describes the process at that time thus: The Department of Social Welfare has operated funding programmes for many years...these programmes were grant funding. That is there was no contracting nor reporting as presently known. Also they were operated on a Head Ofiice Wellington decision on the recommendation of a small team (3 or 4 people based in a Regional OfiBce Auckland).(Crown Law Office, 1994 c, 6) This simple process has, in the last decade, been replaced by a funding relationship between government and the voluntary sector which owes its origins primarily to theory emanating from the study ofthe operation of private markets and the internal organisation of firms within the marketplace. Agency theory and Transaction costs analysis, along with other theoretical perspectives from the world ofthe private business sector, have had a substantial influence upon the restructuring ofthe public sector in New Zealand during the last decade and in particular have provided the theoretical basis for the transformation of the relationship between government and the voluntary sector into one of principal and agents, bound by contractual terms and a regulatory framework for the monitoring of quantity and quality of social and welfare service outputs.</p>

scholarly journals Contracting for social and welfare services : the changing relationship between government and the voluntary sector in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Verna May Smith
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Voluntary Sector ◽  
Funding Agency ◽  
Simple Process ◽  
Welfare Services ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Waitangi Tribunal ◽  
Small Team

<p>Ten years ago, the provision of government funding for the social and welfare services delivered by voluntary sector service providers was a simple process. In evidence presented to the Waitangi Tribunal in support of a claim by a Charitable Trust against the actions of the New Zealand Community Funding Agency heard last year, a witness who was employed by the Department of Social Welfare from early in 1988 describes the process at that time thus: The Department of Social Welfare has operated funding programmes for many years...these programmes were grant funding. That is there was no contracting nor reporting as presently known. Also they were operated on a Head Ofiice Wellington decision on the recommendation of a small team (3 or 4 people based in a Regional OfiBce Auckland).(Crown Law Office, 1994 c, 6) This simple process has, in the last decade, been replaced by a funding relationship between government and the voluntary sector which owes its origins primarily to theory emanating from the study ofthe operation of private markets and the internal organisation of firms within the marketplace. Agency theory and Transaction costs analysis, along with other theoretical perspectives from the world ofthe private business sector, have had a substantial influence upon the restructuring ofthe public sector in New Zealand during the last decade and in particular have provided the theoretical basis for the transformation of the relationship between government and the voluntary sector into one of principal and agents, bound by contractual terms and a regulatory framework for the monitoring of quantity and quality of social and welfare service outputs.</p>

The study of terrorist leadership: where do we go from here?

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Political Movements ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Current State ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Terrorist Groups

Purpose Despite the recognition of the importance of leaders for the formation and ongoing success of social and political movements, the study of leadership in terrorist groups remains underdeveloped. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to stimulate additional research into terrorist leadership in three main ways: by providing a broad overview of the theoretical perspectives that scholars have used to examine terrorist leadership, by critically reviewing the current state of the academic literature on terrorist leadership, and by presenting various ways in which future research on terrorist leadership can be improved. Design/methodology/approach This paper takes a conceptual and critical approach to reviewing the scholarly literature on terrorist leadership, and draws upon the author’s expertise with the wider multidisciplinary literature on leadership to make methodological and conceptual recommendations to improve related future research. Findings There is a paucity of empirical and theoretical research devoted to understanding important social and strategic aspects of terrorist leadership, and existing scholarly research is largely conducted in isolation with differing methodological and epistemological starting points. This has hampered efforts to measure, operationalize, and understand key concepts involving leadership in terrorist groups. Practical implications This paper provides several methodological and conceptual recommendations by which future research on terrorist leadership can be improved from insights taken from the wider scholarly literature on leadership. By virtue of being published in a criminology journal, this paper helps disseminate and expose key concepts in the study of terrorism to related disciplines. Originality/value This paper provides a general overview of the strengths and weaknesses of the study of terrorist leadership to scholars and students interested in the topic. It provides a foundational discussion of how the current literature on terrorist conceives of and utilizes the concept of leadership. It also provides methodological and conceptual recommendations to improve future research on terrorist leadership.

Integrated Learning Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Nevid ◽  
Alexander J. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Learning System ◽  
Exam Performance ◽  
Integrated Learning ◽  
Classroom Situation ◽  
Integrated Learning Systems ◽  
Integrated Learning System ◽  
Concept Mastery ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Psychology Course ◽  
Different Levels

The present study hypothesized that requiring use of an integrated learning system (ILS) would yield a learning benefit in a classroom situation. Two sections of an introductory psychology course taught by the same instructor and using the same text and exams differed with respect to whether online quizzing and concept mastery exercises in an ILS were required or optional. Students in the ILS-required section received substantial course credit for achieving a criterion of 100% correct on each online quiz, with unlimited retakes, and mastery of 25 key concepts per chapter. Results showed better exam performance for the ILS-required class across items keyed to different levels in Bloom’s taxonomy. Students in the ILS-optional class failed to use these online resources consistently, suggesting that graded incentives may be needed to justify their use in classroom situations.

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