Quantification of Methane Emission for Tanjaro Dumping Site in Sulaymaniyah-Iraq and Implementing Compatible Methane Abatement Strategies for the City

This paper reviews the state of the ?Bubanj? landfill near the City of Nis, Serbia, which has been used for 47 years and which is categorized as a non-sanitary landfill. We utilised the LandGEM 3.02 model, used for estimating landfill gas emission rates, to calculate the amount of landfill gases. Additionally, we measured the amount and composition of landfill gas in section S4 of the landfill from July 2014 to June 2015. We utilised the ALOHA software to estimate the fire-vulnerable zone. The results of our analysis show that the measured average methane emission is higher than the calculated emission. The difference between the measured average emission and calculated emission of methane is logical, as the measurements were performed in an active section, where methane emission higher than in inactive sections is to be expected. Based on the measured methane emissions during one year, we conclude that the methane emission drops as the ambient temperature drops. This paper showcases the state of the ?Bubanj? landfill, which is highly unsatisfactory in terms of environmental and fire protection because of landfill gas generation.

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Groundwater Quality in Two Semi-Arid Areas of Algeria: Impact of Water Pollution on Biodiversity

Journal of Bioresource Management ◽

10.35691/jbm.0202.0137 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 16-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Redjaimia Lylia ◽

Hadjab Ramzi ◽

Khammar Hichem ◽

Merzoug Djemoi ◽

Saheb Menouar

Keyword(s):

Hot Springs ◽

Well Water ◽

Dumping Site ◽

North Eastern ◽

Eastern Algeria ◽

The City ◽

Subterranean Waters ◽

Semi Arid ◽

Subterranean Water

The biodiversity and quality of subterranean waters were comparatively studied in the Tarf plain near Oum-El-Bouaghi and in the Ksar S’bahi in Oum-El-Bouaghi, in North-eastern Algeria. For this purpose, physicochemical and faunistic analyses were carried out on the water of ten stations located in the area of Tarf, and thirteen in the area of S’bahi. In the wells of Tarf, the average stygobiologic diversity was relatively high in the wells located upstream the dumping site from the city where the groundwater presented low contents of nitrates and orthophosphates. In contrast, the wells located in the spreading zone of Tarf wastewaters were characterized by the scarcity or the absence of stygobic species; in these latter wells, the water was highly polluted. It was rich in nitrates, nitrites, ammonium, and the conductivity was rather high. In the area of S’bahi, the faunistic inventory recorded ten species, some of which were living in hot springs. The subterranean water was highly mineralized. In the two studied areas, biodiversity decreased when well water was locally polluted.

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Quantifying urban methane emissions in the city of Stuttgart

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-4611 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Carolina Nelson ◽

Martina Schmidt ◽

André Butz ◽

Anke Roiger

Keyword(s):

Natural Gas ◽

Methane Emission ◽

Waste Water Treatment ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Methane Emissions ◽

City Centre ◽

Dispersion Models ◽

Geophysical Research ◽

The City

Even if methane (CH4) is one of the most important anthropogenic greenhouse gases, its sources in urban areas are quantitatively highly uncertain. Plant et al. (2019) highlights that current urban inventories probably substantially underestimate real methane emissions. Bottom-up estimates from the German Environmental Agency show uncertainties in urban sources even higher than 300 % (LUBW 2014). Yet for decision makers it is essential to know the strength of potential sources in order to prioritise and perform mitigation actions.Baden-W&#252;rttemberg is amongst the regions with the highest estimated methane emission in Germany[i]. Its capital town Stuttgart with more than 600.000 inhabitants is not only the biggest town but also an important industrial centre of the region. As the city centre is located in a deep circular valley the geographical conditions of Stuttgart favour high air pollution and emission stresses. Therefore, the need of emission reduction is strong and of high political interest. Using the example of Stuttgart, this work empirically targets the gap of knowledge about urban methane emission to provide a scientific base for effective local policy measures. More precisely, this study aims to exemplarily quantify typical urban source like waste water treatment plants and natural gas distribution and storage systems in the city of Stuttgart, Germany, by drive-by in-situ measurements and applied plume diffusion models.Within this study, two optical instruments are used in a mobile setup in a van to measure CH4, CO2, H2O, Ethane and &#948;13CH4 isotopes: a cavity ring-down spectrometer (CRDS, Picarro G2201-I) and Trace Gas Analyzer (OF-CEAS, LiCor LI-7810). Simultaneous 2D wind data and recorded weather conditions allow the application of dispersion models. Our research group used this technique and successfully tested a gaussian plume model on rural sources like dairy farms around Heidelberg, Germany. With the help of the isotopic composition and the Ethane concentrations, thermogenic sources and biogenic sources can be differentiated.In August and December 2019, two short campaigns have been performed to identify potentially big sources in Stuttgart. The wastewater treatment plant in M&#252;hlhausen and the natural gas storage facility in Gaisberg have been selected as representative targets. A next campaign is planned in spring 2020, including probably 3D-wind measurements and elaborated dispersion models. By taking advantage of inversion weather conditions, which are typical for Stuttgart, mass balance models can possibly be applied. So far, the results promise to allow quantifying emission rates of the target sources.<div> LUBW 2014: Luftschadstoff-Emissionskataster Baden-W&#252;rttemberg 2014, Landesanstalt f&#252;r Umwelt, Messungen und Naturschutz Baden-W&#252;rttemberg (LUBW) Plant et al. 2019: Large Fugitive Methane Emissions From Urban Center Along the U.S. East Coast, Genevieve Plant, Eric A. Kort, Cody Floerchinger, Alexander Gvakharia, Isaac Vimont and Colm Sweeney, Geophysical Research Letters 2019 [i] https://www.statistikportal.de/de/ugrdl/ergebnisse/gase/ch4 <div> &#160; </div> </div>

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Estimation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) production from traffic from the city of Athens

Global NEST Journal ◽

10.30955/gnj.000109 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 33-38

Keyword(s):

Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Secondary Organic Aerosol ◽

Organic Aerosol ◽

The Other ◽

Hydrocarbon Emissions ◽

Marine Atmosphere ◽

Fine Particulate ◽

Abatement Strategies ◽

Species Specific ◽

The City

Estimates of the amount of secondary organic aerosol formed in the atmosphere from the degradation of traffic C6-C12 hydrocarbon emissions in the city of Athens are presented. Around 1.26 tn of organic aerosol is estimated to be produced during a six hours air pollution episode from the aromatic hydrocarbons, the other NMHC groups contributing an additional 0.2 tn. The main contributor to the SOA production is m-xylene. It accounts, together with toluene, for around 50% of the produced organic aerosol. The main aerosol products that are expected to form from the Athens NMHC traffic mixture are nitrophenols. Due to predominant wind flow to the S-SE direction in the area, a portion of these aerosols is likely to contribute to the SOA burden of the marine atmosphere over SE Mediterranean. These results are also relevant to ozone abatement strategies involving species-specific NMHC reductions and affecting fine particulate composition and concentrations.

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Hospitals: N.Y. Appellate Court Denies Move to Privatize Public Hospital

The Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics ◽

10.1017/s1073110500012961 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 202-203

Author(s):

Robert Chatham

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York City ◽

York City ◽

Public Health System ◽

Municipal Hospital ◽

The Public ◽

Public Benefit ◽

For Profit ◽

Benefit Corporation ◽

The City

The Court of Appeals of New York held, in Council of the City of New York u. Giuliani, slip op. 02634, 1999 WL 179257 (N.Y. Mar. 30, 1999), that New York City may not privatize a public city hospital without state statutory authorization. The court found invalid a sublease of a municipal hospital operated by a public benefit corporation to a private, for-profit entity. The court reasoned that the controlling statute prescribed the operation of a municipal hospital as a government function that must be fulfilled by the public benefit corporation as long as it exists, and nothing short of legislative action could put an end to the corporation's existence.In 1969, the New York State legislature enacted the Health and Hospitals Corporation Act (HHCA), establishing the New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation (HHC) as an attempt to improve the New York City public health system. Thirty years later, on a renewed perception that the public health system was once again lacking, the city administration approved a sublease of Coney Island Hospital from HHC to PHS New York, Inc. (PHS), a private, for-profit entity.

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ASHA Convention 2013

ASHA Leader ◽

10.1044/leader.an11.18072013.46 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 46-48

Keyword(s):

Ice Cream ◽

Annual Convention ◽

The City ◽

Rich History

This year's Annual Convention features some sweet new twists like ice cream and free wi-fi. But it also draws on a rich history as it returns to Chicago, the city where the association's seeds were planted way back in 1930. Read on through our special convention section for a full flavor of can't-miss events, helpful tips, and speakers who remind why you do what you do.

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