A comparison of measurements of the permittivity and loss angle of polymers in the frequency range 10 GHz to 90 GHz

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L Givot ◽  
A. P. Gregory ◽  
B. Salski ◽  
F. Zentis ◽  
N. Pettit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Loss Angle ◽  
Frequency Range

scholarly journals Dielectric and Microwave Properties of Siloxane Rubber/Carbon Black Nanocomposites and Their Correlation

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar A. Al-Hartomy ◽  
Falleh Al-Solamy ◽  
Ahmed Al-Ghamdi ◽  
Nikolay Dishovsky ◽  
Vladimir Iliev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Loss ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Relative Permittivity ◽  
Filler Content ◽  
Microwave Properties ◽  
Loss Angle ◽  
Shielding Effectiveness ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Dielectric Loss Angle

In this paper, the dielectric and microwave properties of carbon black/siloxane rubber-based nanocomposites have been investigated in the frequency range from 1 GHz till 12 GHz according to the content of carbon black and the frequency. It has been established that the increasing frequency and filler content lead to an increase in the relative permittivity and tangent of dielectric loss angle. At higher filler content, the effects become more pronounced, especially those upon dielectric loss. It has been also established that there are two well-distinguished areas in all dependences of microwave properties on frequency and filler content increasing. The first is between 1 and 8 GHz wherein the reflection and attenuation of microwaves do not change considerably with frequency and filler content alternation while shielding effectiveness worsens. The second area is between 8 and 12 GHz wherein the reflection and attenuation of microwaves increase drastically with the increasing frequency and filler content. Shielding effectiveness improves, too. It has been established that in all cases the degree of correlation between dielectric and microwave properties evaluated on the basis of the coefficients of correlation calculation is perfect.

scholarly journals Design of Hydraulic Bushing and Vehicle Testing for Reducing the Judder Vibration

2018 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 02012
Author(s):  
Youngman Kim ◽  
Sangjin Jeong ◽  
Van-Quyet Nguyen ◽  
Kwangsuck Boo ◽  
Heungseob Kim
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lumped Parameter Model ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Loss Angle ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Front Suspension ◽  
Low Frequency Vibration ◽  
Vehicle Test

Generally, judder vibration is a low-frequency vibration phenomenon caused by a braking force imbalance that occurs when a vehicle is lightly decelerated within a range of 0.1 to 0.2g at a speed of 120 to 60 km/h. This comes from the change in the brake disk thickness (DTV), which is mainly caused by the side run-out (SRO) and thermal deformation. The adoption of hydro-bushing in the low arm G bushings of the vehicle front suspension has been done in order to provide great damping in a particular frequency range (<20Hz) in order to prevent this judder vibration from being transmitted to the body. The hydro bushing was formulated using a lumped parameter model. The fluid passage between the two chambers was modelled as a nonlinear element such as an orifice, and its important parameters (resistance, compliance) were measured using a simplified experimental setup. The main design parameters are the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the chamber to the fluid passage, the length of the fluid passage, etc., and their optimal design is such that the loss angle is greater than 45 ° in the target frequency range of 10 to 20 Hz. The hydro bushing designed for reducing the judder vibration was prepared for the actual vehicle application test and applied to the actual vehicle test. In this study, the proposed hydro bushing was applied to the G bushing of the low arm of the front suspension system of the vehicle. The loss angle of the manufactured hydro bushing was measured using acceleration signals before and after passing through the bushing. The actual vehicle test was performed on the noise dynamometer for the performance analysis of the judder vibration reduction.

Density-based discrimination of protein and RNA in the ribosome

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 464-465
Author(s):  
Joachim Frank
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Wiener Filter ◽  
Dark Field Image ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Contrast Transfer Function ◽  
Pass Filter

Cryo-electron microscopy combined with single-particle reconstruction techniques has allowed us to form a three-dimensional image of the Escherichia coli ribosome.In the interior, we observe strong density variations which may be attributed to the difference in scattering density between ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and protein. This identification can only be tentative, and lacks quantitation at this stage, because of the nature of image formation by bright field phase contrast. Apart from limiting the resolution, the contrast transfer function acts as a high-pass filter which produces edge enhancement effects that can explain at least part of the observed variations. As a step toward a more quantitative analysis, it is necessary to correct the transfer function in the low-spatial-frequency range. Unfortunately, it is in that range where Fourier components unrelated to elastic bright-field imaging are found, and a Wiener-filter type restoration would lead to incorrect results. Depending upon the thickness of the ice layer, a varying contribution to the Fourier components in the low-spatial-frequency range originates from an “inelastic dark field” image. The only prospect to obtain quantitatively interpretable images (i.e., which would allow discrimination between rRNA and protein by application of a density threshold set to the average RNA scattering density may therefore lie in the use of energy-filtering microscopes.

Evaluation of Special Hearing Aids for Deaf Children

1971 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman P. Erber
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Aids ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Acoustic Stimulation ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Frequency Limit ◽  
Unpublished Studies ◽  
Published Research

Two types of special hearing aid have been developed recently to improve the reception of speech by profoundly deaf children. In a different way, each special system provides greater low-frequency acoustic stimulation to deaf ears than does a conventional hearing aid. One of the devices extends the low-frequency limit of amplification; the other shifts high-frequency energy to a lower frequency range. In general, previous evaluations of these special hearing aids have obtained inconsistent or inconclusive results. This paper reviews most of the published research on the use of special hearing aids by deaf children, summarizes several unpublished studies, and suggests a set of guidelines for future evaluations of special and conventional amplification systems.

The influence of external conditions on sound pressure in the pistonphone at the infrasound frequency range

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
A. V. Konkov ◽  
D. V. Golovin
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Primary Method ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Numerical Estimations

The influence of environmental conditions on a sound pressure reproduced by the primary method in the measuring chambers of the Pistonphone in the frequency range from 1 mHz to 250 Hz is estimated. Numerical estimations of influence of environmental conditions on sound pressure in pistonphone measuring chambers are given and special requirements to system of maintenance of required external conditions are specified.

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