scholarly journals GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY, AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY

2021 ◽  
Vol 93,2021 (93) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Sofiia Doskich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Joint Work ◽  
Scientific Software ◽  
Geodynamic Processes ◽  
Combined Solution ◽  
Deformation Processes ◽  
Joint Interpretation ◽  
Earth's Crust

The emergence of satellite observations was marked by their widespread use to determine the velocities and direction of horizontal motions of lithosphere plates (modern kinematics of lithosphere plates), which allowed to research the deformation processes at the global and regional levels. Today, permanent GNSS stations cover a large part of the land area. Since many of these stations have accumulated a large amount of daily observation over 20 years, it is possible to trace the deformation processes of certain areas. There is the problem of correct identification of observations of the true parameters of the deformation process. This issue requires the joint work of geophysicists and geodesists. But high-precision time series and values of GNSS station velocities are important and perspective data for the interpretation of geodynamic processes, which are much easier to obtain than geophysical or geological data, do not require special costs and should take into account their active development, the number of such stations is growing rapidly. Today, according to unofficial data, more than 300 reference stations operate in Ukraine. The aim of this work is to detect deformations of the Earth's crust in the Carpathian folded system using GNSS technology. The input data for the research were the observations over eight years (2013-2020) at reference stations in Ukraine (ZAKPOS network). From these observations, the combined solution (coordinates time series and velocities) was calculated using the scientific software GAMIT / GLOBK. According to the obtained data, the horizontal displacements vectors of GNSS stations were also constructed, and the deformations of the Earth's crust were calculated by the method of triangles, the vertices of which are GNSS stations, using the GPS Triangle Strain Calculator software. The calculated values of deformations showed a different geodynamic value, depending on the location of the triangles. In particular, the active zones of stretching (Rakhiv-Verkhovyna and Syanok-Ustryky-Dolishni) and compression (Rakhiv-Khust-Mukachevo) were identified. The research results make it possible to establish the features of the spatial distribution of crustal movement in the Carpathian region and in the future in a joint interpretation with geophysical data to create a regional geodynamic model of the Carpathian folded system.

scholarly journals Results of complex seismological, geophysical and geochemical researches on the territory of the Republic of Dagestan in 2016-2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-85
Author(s):  
Khaskil Magomedov ◽  
Djamaludin Taimazov ◽  
Zarakhman Adilov ◽  
Magomedrasul Magomed-Kasumov
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Seismic Station ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Geodynamic Processes ◽  
Tectonic Earthquakes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Earth's Crust

The work describes the research and development carried out at the DD GS RAS over the past 5 years, mainly of an innovative nature. These developments include the computer program "Con-struction the transfer function between time series based on the relative amplitudes of coherent harmonics", invention "Method for reconstructing dynamic processes in the earth's crust based on seismic observations ", implemented in computer program "Reconstruction of geodynamic processes based on seismic observations", SEISMO program, invention "Method for predicting tectonic earthquakes" implemented in the computer program "Detector of deformation anomalies parameters in the earth's crust based on areal observations of geofields", computer program "Maps builder of seismic station networks registration capabilities". Their application provided scientific results of a priority nature, the main of which are the identification of a significant cor-relation between time series of concentrations and dispersions of hydrogen and helium and the seismic regime of the region, establishment of dominance in atmospheric pressure variations and in the response to them of water levels in wells of semidiurnal harmonic, while in intraday fluc-tuations of weak seismicity, the 24-hour harmonic dominates, which unambiguously excludes atmospheric pressure from the possible causes of daily variations, correlation of synchronous peaks in the time variation of the intraday harmonics amplitudes in temperature observations in a well with the world's strongest earthquakes, establishment a fact of weak seismicity modulation by a semidiurnal tidal wave M2, detection in variations of weak seismicity along with the daily harmonic S1 (24h) of stable intraday harmonics S2 (12h), S3 (8h) and S4 (6h). A number of priori-ty results obtained in collaboration with employees of the Siberian Division GS RAS and the In-stitute of Physics of the Earth RAS are also described.

scholarly journals System for Collecting, Processing, Visualization, and Storage of the MT-Monitoring Data

Data ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Bataleva ◽  
Anatoly Rybin ◽  
Vitalii Matiukov
Keyword(s):  
Practical Importance ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Integrated Monitoring ◽  
Geodynamic Processes ◽  
Earth's Crust

On the basis of the Research Station of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Bishkek, a unique scientific infrastructure—a complex geophysical station—is successfully functioning, realizing a monitoring of geodynamic processes, which includes research on the network of points of seismological, geodesic, and electromagnetic observations on the territory of the Bishkek Geodynamic Proving Ground located in the seismically active zone of the Northern Tien Shan. The scientific and practical importance of monitoring the geodynamical activity of the Earth’s crust takes place not only in seismically active regions, but also in the areas of the location of particularly important objects, mining, and hazardous industries. Therefore, it seems highly relevant to create new software and hardware to study geodynamic processes in the earth’s crust of seismically active zones, based on integrated monitoring of the geological environment in the widest possible depth range. The use of modern information technology in such studies provides an effective data management tool. The considering system for collecting, processing, and storing monitoring electromagnetic data of the Bishkek geodynamic proving ground can help overcome the scarcity of experimental data in the field of Earth sciences.

Correlation between the Fluctuations in Worldwide Seismicity and in Atmospheric Carbon Pollution

Sci ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Alberto Carpinteri ◽  
Gianni Niccolini
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Seismic Activity ◽  
Active Faults ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Geochemical Evolution ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Anthropogenic Emissions ◽  
Earth's Crust

The crucial stages in the geochemical evolution of the Earth’s crust, ocean, and atmosphere could be explained by the assumed low-energy nuclear reactions (LENR) that are triggered by seismic activity. LENR result in the fission of medium-weight elements accompanied by neutron emissions, involving Fe and Ni as starting elements, and C, N, O as resultants. Geochemical data and experimental evidences support the LENR hypothesis. The time series analysis highlighted significant correlation between the atmospheric CO2 growth rate and the global seismic-moment release rate, whereas the trending behavior was in response to the anthropogenic emissions. The fluctuations in the atmospheric CO2 growth rate time series were inexplicable in terms of anthropogenic emissions, but could be explained by the cycles of worldwide seismicity, which massively trigger LENR in the Earth’s crust. In this framework, LENR from active faults must be considered as a relevant cause of carbon formation and degassing of freshly-formed CO2 during seismic activity.

scholarly journals Geodynamics of the territory of Аrmenia based on the results of comprehensive observations

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-109
Author(s):  
Romela Pashayan ◽  
Levon Harutyunyan ◽  
Kristina Tovmasyan
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Mineral Waters ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
The Past ◽  
Geodynamic Processes ◽  
Earth's Crust ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Vertical Deformations

The geodynamics of the earth’s crust in the territory of Armenia is given according to seismic data, deformographic measurements, hydro geodynamic observations of the groundwater level, and geochemistry of mineral waters in the central part of the region. The map of the epicenters of earthquakes over the past three years includes stressed sections (concentration of earthquake epicenters) of the earth’s crust with increased activity geodynamic processes. Based on the results of the registration of deformations of two directions, the values of areal, volumetric, and vertical deformations are calculated. Variations in the water level in hydro geodynamic wells were obtained due to seismic events; the amplitudes of the variations depend on the magnitude of the earthquake, the distance from the epicenter, and the magnitude of the calculated deformation of the earth’s crust. The main components of the chemical composition of mineral waters (CL, HCO3, SO4, Mg), gas - CO2, and Ph in comparison with seismicity and other geodynamic processes of the earth’s crust.

Dynamic recrystallisation during creep—a comparison between magnesium and quartz

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 608-609
Author(s):  
S.E. Burrows ◽  
F.J. Humphreys ◽  
S.H. White
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Hot Working ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Rock Types ◽  
Field Evidence ◽  
Experimental Deformation ◽  
Dynamic Recrystallisation ◽  
Deformation Processes ◽  
Polycrystalline Aggregates ◽  
Earth's Crust

Quartz is one of the most abundant minerals in the Earth's crust and field evidence suggests that it is the weakest component of many rock types during deformation. It is essential that the mechanical behaviour of the mineral is understood if geological deformation processes are to be modelled and it is clear that TEM provides one of the means of determining the fundamental mechanisms of flow. The well known difficulties encountered in the experimental deformation of polycrystalline aggregates of the mineral have meant that correlation between structures found in experimentally and naturally deformed quartz has not proved satisfactory. TEM studies by several workers (l,2)have shown that naturally deformed quartz contains dislocation structures similar to those produced in metals and ceramics during creep and hot-working. Results reported in the metallurgical literature (3)have been used to explain geological observations. A series of metallurgical experiments has been carried out as an aid to interpreting the dislocation substructures observed in the naturally deformed mineral.

General features of strong rock bursts and induced earthquakes in critical-stress areas of the Earth’s crust

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
A. S. Batugin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Stress ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Induced Earthquakes ◽  
Rock Bursts ◽  
Geodynamic Processes ◽  
Hierarchical Block Structure ◽  
Strong Rock ◽  
Earth's Crust ◽  
Impact Zones ◽  
Mining Regions

The problem connected with rock bursts and induced earthquakes is yet one of the most critical in the mining regions. The manmade nature of disastrous earthquakes induced in the areas of the heaviest impact on the subsoil is being widely discussed. The main argument against the manmade genesis of such earthquakes is their great depths and high energies. The general features of the induced earthquakes are considered. The displacement directions of the walls of large tectonic faults during such events are analyzed. The sizes of focal zones are estimated and related with sizes of geodynamcially active blocks in the Earth’s crust. The location of hypocenters of geodynamic events relative to the manmade impact zones is studied. The found homogeny of strong rock bursts and induced earthquakes is explained by the interaction of local and regional (global) geodynamic processes. The critical stress state of the upper Earth’s crust having hierarchical block structure is considered as the basis of such interaction. When focal zones of rock bursts and induced earthquakes have sizes of hundreds of meters or a few kilometers, the initiation zones of such events reaches many kilometers in size, is commensurable with the Earth’s crust blocks and is larger than the mining impact zone. Therefore, displacements along large faults are the part of a tectonic process, i.e. displacement directions along large faults during strong rock bursts are correlated with the regional stress field.

Results of studying the Earth’s crust deformations near the cascade of hydroelectric power stations on the Western Dvina

2018 ◽  
Vol 940 (10) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
G.A. Sharoglazova ◽  
K.I. Markovich
Keyword(s):  
Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Tectonic Faults ◽  
Geodynamic Processes ◽  
Zone Of Influence ◽  
Earth's Crust ◽  
Gnss Observations

The article is devoted to the problem of the interdependent influence of the tectonic and man-made factors on the state of the earth’s crust in the region of the HPP cascade on the Western Dvina flowing along the Polotsk-Kurzeme belt of tectonic faults. Here the results of geodetic researches on a geodynamic range “Polotsk Hydroelectric Power Plant” are given. The parameters of the horizontal earth’s crust deformations, obtained from three cycles of GNSS observations (2014, 2015 and 2017) at the landfill, are well-coordinated with the construction stages of the HPP and its commissioning. The tectonic faults, in the zone of influence where the Polotsk HPP is located, react to technogenic processes. It is desirable to extend the research to the Vitebsk HPP being built simultaneously with that in Polotsk, by creating a test-field in the district of the geodynamic range similar to the range of Polotsk, and combining them into a single geodetic construction, which is easily achievable with modern satellite technologies. Geodetic studies of geodynamic processes in the cascade of the HPP on the Western Dvina should be supplemented by seismological monitoring.

scholarly journals The principles of complexed multi-scale geodynamic monitoring of natural and technogenic processes

2019 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 01009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Anikin ◽  
Iuliia Fedotova ◽  
Gennady Kursakin ◽  
Mikhail Lomov
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Geodynamic Monitoring ◽  
Geodynamic Processes ◽  
Underground Mine Workings ◽  
Earth's Crust

The principles of complexed geodynamic monitoring on the basis of long-term experience and research results of natural and man-made processes in the uranium deposits of the Streltsovsky ore province are proposed. The principles are to use simultaneously regular satellite, geodetical, seismical, geophysical, geological, and a number of other observations aimed at studying the upper part of the earth's crust. In the world’s mining practice, such large-scale integrated studies, where within the boundaries of one territory (a group of deposits or ore provinces) a similar set of observations aimed at monitoring geodynamic processes in the upper part of the earth's crust has not been found. The development of monitoring methods at the “Geodynamic polygon of the Streltsovsky ore field” and the additional placement of new multi-level monitoring systems will provide more information about the state of the rock mass in the upper part of the earth's crust, increase the reliability in prediction of dangerous geodynamic manifestations, identify their precursors and reduce the risk of man-made disasters. It is planned to create a common centre for processing and analysis of multiparameter data on geodynamic processes in the depth of the rock mass and local geomechanical processes near underground mine workings.

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