Introduction

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
John O. McGinnis
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Weapons Of Mass Destruction ◽  
Mass Destruction ◽  
Information Markets ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Problem

This introductory chapter analyzes the central political problem of our time, namely how to adapt democracy to the acceleration of the information age. Modern technology creates a supply of new tools for improved governance, but it also creates an urgent demand for putting these tools to use. We need better policies to obtain the benefits of innovation as quickly as possible and to manage the social problems that speedier innovation will inevitably create—from pollution to weapons of mass destruction. Our task is to place politics progressively within the domain of information technology—to use its new or enhanced tools, such as empiricism, information markets, dispersed media, and artificial intelligence, to reinvent governance. An overview of the subsequent chapters is also presented.

The Social Space of Terror: Towards a Civil Interpretation of Total War

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Social Space ◽  
Weapons Of Mass Destruction ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Mass Destruction ◽  
Total War ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Modern Warfare ◽  
Urban Places ◽  
Second World

In the paper I seek to interpret modern warfare from the perspective of civil society and its geography. I emphasize the predicament of civilians who are subject to direct and deliberate armed assaults. Particular attention is given to enforced uprooting or removals of population, and to annihilation of urban places with weapons of mass destruction. Two case histories are explored, both taken from the last months of the Second World War. They are, the expulsion of German civilians from Eastern Europe, and the firebombing of Japanese cities, especially Tokyo. Damages and casualties are detailed. However, the main concern is to establish the composition, plight, and responses of civilian populations, and this includes their relation to national war efforts. It is concluded that the vast majority, because of gender, age, health, occupation, and class, were essentially marginal to, and little involved in, the war efforts of their respective states. This contrasts sharply with the assumptions or rhetoric of the theory of ‘total war’, and the practice of targetting civilians and nonmilitary areas. It is suggested that the majority of home populations remain civilians in the fullest sense of the term, even in wartime. From this it follows that assaults upon them by military forces are primarily strategies of terror, and that the ‘social space’ attacked is essentially civilian. Such uprootings and mass destruction of human settlements have, however, become an ever larger part of the war strategies, and the history of warfare, of most powers since 1945.

7. Technology and Warfare

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliot A. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Weapons Of Mass Destruction ◽  
Irregular Warfare ◽  
Mass Destruction ◽  
Military Technology ◽  
The Future ◽  
Revolution In Military Affairs ◽  
Conventional Technology ◽  
Asymmetric Responses

This chapter examines emerging technological trends that are likely to transform future warfare. It first considers some concepts about military technology before discussing the debate over the revolution in military affairs. It then explores three broad features of the new technological era in warfare: the rise of quality over quantity, the speciation of military hardware, and the centrality of commercial military technology. It also describes the challenges presented by the new technology for warfare, including information technology, and concludes with some reflections on the future of military technology. It suggests that superior conventional technology can be counterbalanced, to some extent, by asymmetric responses, such as irregular warfare and the threat of weapons of mass destruction.

scholarly journals Innovative Technologies for Cultural Heritage. Tattoo Sensors and AI: The New Life of Cultural Assets

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1909
Author(s):  
Maurizio Talamo ◽  
Federica Valentini ◽  
Andrea Dimitri ◽  
Ivo Allegrini
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Data Mining ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Smart Sensors ◽  
Simple Process ◽  
Cultural Assets ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Generation ◽  
New Skin

Conservation and restoration of cultural heritage is something more than a simple process of maintaining the existing. It is an integral part of the improvement of the cultural asset. The social context around the restoration shapes the specific actions. Today, preservation, restoration, enhancement of cultural heritage are increasingly a multidisciplinary science, meeting point of researchers coming from heterogeneous study areas. Data scientists and Information technology (IT) specialists are increasingly important. In this context, networks of a new generation of smart sensors integrated with data mining and artificial intelligence play a crucial role and aim to become the new skin of cultural assets.

scholarly journals Climate change in Carpathian forests: natural logging in Sibiu area Romania case study Identifying the effects of climate change in the forests in the Sibiu area: forest wind damage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iulian Alexandru BRATU
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Individual Perception ◽  
The Social

Abstract Climate change is becoming more acute, including in terms of individual perception. Forest, as an ecosystem, has a special role to play in mitigating climate change, protecting the soil, water and air. There are forests of scientific interest, preservation of the Eco fund and forest Geno fund, as well as recreational forests, so that the ecological functions are fulfilled in the optimum. Also, alongside the social function, green energy generation is one of the main attributes of the forest. In addition to preserving biodiversity, the forestry administration has as objectives the provision of the necessary resources for the short, medium and long-term development of local communities. Forest management that harmoniously combines ecological, economic and social functions cannot be sustained, at least in the information age, without relying on information technology. This article aims to address the issue of information technology in the forest administration, identifying needs and providing viable, high quality, open source solutions.

scholarly journals Genetic algorithm for solving celestial navigation fix problems

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Cheng Tsou
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Natural Process ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Genetic Operators ◽  
Celestial Navigation ◽  
Precision Study

ABSTRACT As we enter the 21st century and advance further into the information age, traditional methods for computing a celestial navigation fix can no longer meet the requirements of modern vessels in terms of calculation speed and precision. Study of precise, rapid, and convenient celestial navigation computational methods and the application of information technology to modern celestial navigation is especially meaningful, considering the current push for e-Navigation. In this work, we employ a genetic algorithm, from the field of artificial intelligence, due to its superior search ability that mimics the natural process of biological evolution. Unique encodings and genetic operators designed in this study, in combination with the fix principle of celestial circles of equal altitude in celestial navigation, allow the rapid and direct attainment of accurate optimum vessel position. Test results indicate that this method has more flexibility, and avoids tedious and complicated computation and graphical procedures.

The Ever Expanding Domain of Computation

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
John O. McGinnis
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Social World ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Human History ◽  
Empirical Methods ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

This chapter makes the case that because of computational advances, the world is changing fast, perhaps faster than at any other time in human history. The increasing pace of change could potentially generate social turbulence and instability. However, computational advances are also driving advances in information technology, from the growth and deepening of the Internet, to the burgeoning power of empirical methods, to the increasing capability of artificial intelligence. The key to improving governance is to bring politics within the domain of such information technology. Only a politics that exploits the latest fruits of the computational revolution can manage the disruption that this revolution is bringing to the social world.

Introduction

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
The Other ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Library User ◽  
The Way

The liberation of learning is a prelude to the expansion of the personal conscience—this expansion is the first of two of the only natural freedoms given to the individual, the other being the employment of one’s physical, mental, and emotional abilities in accord with that conscience—and becomes the foundation of all other rights and corruptions that both bless and plague every society ever created by mankind. This is fundamental and explains why universal learning is necessary for any kind of progress in the way we see, think about, and treat one another and the World around us. For every book somebody wants you to read, there is a book they do not want you to read—both can be found at the library. Let that sink into your thoughts for a moment, its meaning. That is the ”library,” its very concept, and this is what it has come to represent in the minds of millions of patrons. It is a fine heritage matched by no other institution, and one that all its workers should be proud to be a part of and hopefully protect and perpetuate. This introductory chapter covers a few brief insights into why I wrote this book—subjective motivates and goals guiding its completion. The chapter is concluded with a light historical review of the pivotal technologies establishing the foundation of information technology leading into the Information Age and paving the way to changes in the library user environment.

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