Educating the Second Generation

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Alba ◽  
Nancy Foner
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Baby Boomers ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Demographic Transition ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
Second Generation Immigrants ◽  
The Social ◽  
Adult Lives

This chapter focuses on the second-generation immigrants. Second generations emerging from low-status immigrations begin their adult lives with substantial disadvantages—which are manifest in the worlds of both education and work—compared to young adults who grew up in native-majority homes. They are of particular concern in light of the demographic transition that will occur during the next quarter century in Europe and North America, which will involve the massive exit of the baby boomers from the workforce. This transition will create a need for the social mobility of many children of immigrants if the departing baby boomers are to be replaced; at the same time, of course, it will generate potential opportunities to move up for the second generation, including individuals from families in humble circumstances. Thus, the integration of these youth is vital for their own futures and has enormous implications for the futures of the societies of North America and Western Europe.

scholarly journals Mobilitas Sosial Keluarga Transmigrasi Penempatan Tahun 1981 dan Keturunannya di Desa Krueng Itam Kecamatan Tadu Raya Kabupaten Nagan Raya

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-104
Author(s):  
Diah Hastuti ◽  
Ahmad Hamid ◽  
Edy Marsudi
Keyword(s):  
Social Mobility ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Vertical Mobility

Abstrak. Mobilitas  sosial  merupakan  perpindahan  dari  suatu kelas sosial ke kelas sosial lainnya yang biasanya ditunjukkan melalui  pekerjaan sekarang yang berbeda dari pekerjaan sebelumnya. Salah satu keberhasilan dari adanya program transmigrasi adalah terjadinya mobilitas sosial ke arah yang lebih baik pada peserta transmigrasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana mobilitas sosial yang terjadi pada peserta transmigrasi dan keturunannya, untuk mengetahui seberapa besar terjadi mobilitas vertikal antar generasi dan untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat kesejahteraan keluarga transmigrasi menurut indikator BKKBN. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dilihat dari pekerjaan generasi I dan II tidak terjadi mobilitas sosial, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 66 responden yang terdiri dari 3 generasi yang mana pada generasi I dan generasi II pekerjaan mereka masih sebagai petani yang berubah hanya status pekerjaannya saja, namun pada generasi III selain responden bekerja sebagai petani ada responden yang bekerja sebagai pegawai/karyawan, dilihat dari pendidikan hanya generasi III yang pendidikannya lebih baik dibandingkan generasi sebelumnya, dan dilihat dari kepemilikan Aset generasi II dan III lebih baik dibandingkan generasi I nya. Mobilitas vertikal antar generasi terbesar yang terjadi adalah berdasarkan pendidikan yaitu sebesar 54,5%. Untuk pentahapan keluarga sejahtera menurut BKKBN, terdapat sebanyak 20,4% keluarga transmigrasi yang berada pada kategori Keluarga Prasejahtera, Keluarga Sejahtera I sebesar 75,9%, dan Keluarga Sejahtera II sebesar 3,7%.Transmigration Family Social Mobility In Placement In 1981 And Their Descendants In The Village Of  Krueng Itam Sub-District Of Tadu Raya Nagan Raya RegencyAbstract. Social mobility is the movement of a social class to other social classes are usually shown through the work now is different from previous work. One of the success of the transmigration program is social mobility towards better on participants transmigration. This study aims to determine how the social mobility that occurs in the transmigration of participants and their descendants, to know how big happening vertical mobility between generations and to identify the level of family welfare indicators transmigration according to BKKBN. The data used are primary data and secondary data. The analytical method used is descriptive qualitative analysis. The results showed that the views of the work first generation and the second generation does not occur social mobility, with a total sample of 66 respondents consisting of three generations of which the first generation and the second generation of their work is still as farmers are changing only the status of the job, but at generation III besides the respondents worked as farmers there are respondents who worked as an employee/employees, viewed from education only generation III are better educated than previous generations, and the views of the ownership of generation assets II and III generation better than generation I. The vertical mobility between generations that happens is by education that is equal to 54.5%. For a prosperous family phasing BKKBN, there are as many as 20.4% of families transmigration in the category Pre-Welfare Family, Family Welfare I equal to 75.9%, and Family Welfare II amounted to 3.7%.

scholarly journals “Blood Is a Very Special Juice”: Racialized Bodies and Citizenship in Twentieth-Century Germany

1999 ◽  
Vol 44 (S7) ◽  
pp. 149-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima El Tayeb
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Place Of Birth ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
Democratic Government ◽  
Second Generation Immigrants ◽  
The Social ◽  
Nationality Law

The 1999 plan of the Social Democratic government to adjust Germany's 1913 nationality law has generated an intensely emotional debate. In an unprecedented action, the opposition Christian Democrats managed to gather hundreds of thousands of signatures against the adjustment that would have granted citizenship to second generation “immigrants” born in Germany. At the end of the twentieth century, Germans still strongly cling to the principle ofjus sanguinis. The idea that nationality is not connected ot place of birth or culture but rather to a “national essence” tJiat is somehow incorporated in the subject's blood has been strong in Germany since the early nineteenth century and has been especially decisive for the country's twentieth-century history.

Restructuring in the L1 Turkish grammar

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayşe Gürel ◽  
Gülsen Yilmaz
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Binding Properties ◽  
Null Subject ◽  
Subject Pronouns ◽  
Second Generation Immigrants ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
First And Second Generation

This paper compares results of two studies examining L2 English and L2 Dutch-induced syntactic changes that occur in L1 Turkish grammars of speakers living in North America and in the Netherlands, respectively. We examine potential restructuring in the L1 knowledge of binding properties of overt and null subject pronouns in first and second generation immigrants. The results of the L2 Dutch-speaking groups in the Netherlands are found to be similar to those of the L2 English-speaking group in North America, as reported in Gürel (2002), in the sense that all bilingual groups diverge, to some extent, from monolinguals in their judgments of pronoun binding. In line with our predictions, findings suggest that L2 English and L2 Dutch can influence L1 Turkish syntactic judgments in a similar fashion and that an L2 can induce inter- as well as intra-generational L1 change.

scholarly journals Factors of urban sprawl in Bulgaria

Spatium ◽  
2013 ◽  
pp. 22-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Slaev ◽  
Ivan Nikiforov
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Market Society ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
The Public ◽  
Residential Preferences ◽  
The Social ◽  
South Eastern Europe

Urban sprawl has become a topical urban issue first in North America and later in Western Europe. It turned into a major challenge to urban sustainability. However, sprawl in Western Europe has displayed many specific features different than that in North America and these features are related to the concrete circumstances in the two continents. The social, economic and urban situation in the new European democracies is also quite different and this inevitably has its impact on the forms of sprawl. One of the main characteristics of sprawl is that it is considered to be market-led. More precisely, a major factor is the lack of balance between market trends and planning policy that allows for the market players to determine the use of their plots in suburban locations with little reference to the public interests and issues of sustainability. As the countries in Eastern and South-eastern Europe have already made certain progress on their way to market society, the problems of sprawl were faced in these countries too. The goal of the paper is to apply widely accepted definitions of sprawl to the processes in the suburbs of Sofia and, thus, to assess whether these are processes of sprawl. It also aims to study the specific traditions and residential preferences of Sofia?s population in order to identify specific characteristics and aspects of the Bulgarian model. The findings of the paper confirm that Bulgaria?s capital Sofia is experiencing processes of urban sprawl, particularly in its southern suburban areas - in the foot of Vitosha Mountain. Next, these processes display strong regional characteristics. So far sprawl in Bulgaria is less intensive than that in Western Europe but also than that in the post-socialist countries in Central Europe and in Baltic states. Eventually, the urban forms of Bulgarian sprawl tend to be denser and with mix of single-family and multi-family residential types and mix of land uses.

Captains of the Revolution

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Carlen
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Revolution

The Industrial Revolution that began in 18th-century Britain would, in fairly short order, transform Western Europe, North America, and other regions of the world irreversibly. This momentous change would compel government, church, and other institutions to make unprecedented and often reluctant adjustments to the social structure. These entities were reacting to a revolution but who actually instigated it? Savvy and inventive British entrepreneurs did—the “captains” of new industries. Many of these remarkable figures and their often unintended impact on the world around them are discussed in this chapter.

scholarly journals Stuffed Turkey and Pumpkin Pie: In, Through and Out of American Contexts

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Kohn
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Ethnic Background ◽  
North Americans ◽  
Second Generation Immigrants ◽  
The World ◽  
First And Second Generation

This article explores the meanings embedded in the production, consumption, and symbolic positioning of turkey and pumpkin pie, foods closely associated with the American ritual feast of Thanksgiving. An analysis of turkey and pumpkin pie recipes used and adapted by first- and second-generation immigrants in north America, and by north Americans living abroad, throws into relief complex relations between food production, food consumption and the complexities of lived and often multiple sociocultural identifications. Through sharing the experiences, memories and associations evoked by individuals in the production of holiday recipes, I argue that ideas about ‘tradition’ and a desire to celebrate family and community through the ritual of baking, serving and consuming a ‘standard’ Thanksgiving holiday meal allow one to feel part of an imagined global American community. At the same time these details demonstrate celebration of individual and familial distinctiveness that is traced to (sometimes contested) memories of childhood and/or ethnic background, as well as to exploration, innovation and experience in the world at large through travel, migration and imagination.

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