scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL STATES AND PROPERTIES OF THE PERSONALITY HAVING DEPENDENCE ON THE SMARTPHONE

2021 ◽  
pp. 225-235
Author(s):  
Виктор Павлович Шейнов ◽  
Наталья Васильевна Дятчик
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Educational Work

Зависимость от смартфона стала распространенным явлением, особенно в молодежной среде. В предыдущих исследованиях установлены большая распространенность данной зависимости и то, что жертвы этой зависимости испытывают страдания от плохого качества сна (а то и от бессонницы), депрессии, тревожности, стресса, а также отрицательные эмоции, характеризуются значительным снижением физической активности. Распространенность зависимости от смартфона и ее отрицательные последствия диктуют необходимость ее всестороннего исследования. Изучаются проявления феномена зависимости от смартфонов у учащихся медицинского колледжа. Установлено, что зависимость от смартфона положительно связана с одиночеством, агрессивностью, плохим настроением и отрицательно – с коммуникативной компетентностью, настойчивостью, самообладанием, саморегуляцией, а также с возрастом. В большей степени она проявляется у представителей женского пола. Выявленные корреляции зависимости от смартфонов с одиночеством, агрессивностью, саморегуляцией, коммуникативной компетентностью в целом соответствуют характеру корреляций, установленных в зарубежных исследованиях. Новыми как для отечественных, так и для зарубежных исследований являются установленные авторами отрицательные связи зависимости от смартфона респондентов с настойчивостью и самообладанием. Smartphone addiction has become common, especially among young people. Previous studies have established a high prevalence of this addiction and the fact that the victims of this addiction experience suffering: from poor sleep quality (and even insomnia), depression, anxiety, stress, experience negative emotions, and are also characterized by a significant decrease in physical activity. The prevalence of smartphone addiction and its negative consequences dictate the need for a comprehensive study. The article examines the manifestations of the phenomenon of smartphone addiction in medical college students. It is shown that the psychological mechanism of the emergence of addictions is described by a general model of psychological impact. It was found that that smartphone addiction is positively associated with loneliness, aggressiveness, bad mood, with the female gender, and negatively – with communicative competence, persistence, self-control, self-regulation, as well as with age. The connections identified in the article with loneliness, aggressiveness, self-regulation, and communicative competence generally correspond to the nature of the correlations established in foreign studies. New for both domestic and foreign studies are the negative links of dependence on smartphones with persistence and self-control revealed in the article. Based on the results of this study, recommendations were developed (based on the obtained empirical data) for college students to minimize the negative impact of smartphones on their mental and physical health. It is recommended in the process of educational work with students to explain the negative consequences of dependence on smartphones and the value of direct, live communication with their environment.

scholarly journals PERSONAL PROPERTIES AND HEALTH STATE OF VICTIMS OF DEPENDENCE ON THE SMARTPHONE

2021 ◽  
pp. 171-191
Author(s):  
В.П. Шейнов ◽  
А.С. Девицын
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Health State ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Average Value

Зависимость от смартфона - это новое явление, однако успевшее стать одной из наиболее распространенных немедицинских зависимостей, которая по своей массовости уже оставила позади интернет-зависимость и игроманию. Ее отрицательные последствия включают психологические и поведенческие искажения и проблемы с само-эффективностью у ее жертв. Установлено, что зависимость от смартфона положительно связана с женским полом и переживанием чувства одиночества и отрицательно - с настойчивостью, самообладанием, саморегуляцией, привычкой читать, здоровым образом жизни и состоянием здоровья. Зависимость от смартфона только у женщин отрицательно коррелирует с возрастом, компетентностью, комплементарностью, провокационностью, наличием семьи, наличием детей, хорошим настроением и положительно - с зависимым поведением и проблемами со сном. Средние значения зависимости от смартфона женщин по данным разных исследований статистически значимо превосходит средние значения зависимости от смартфона мужчин. Часть связей, выявленных в настоящем исследовании в целом соответствуют характеру корреляций, установленных в зарубежных работах, при этом конкретизируя и уточняя их в гендерном аспекте. Пересекающиеся результаты показывают, что многие взаимосвязи, совпадая по направленности, имеют место только у женщин. Другая часть полученных результатов является новой как для отечественных, так и для зарубежных изысканий. С целью разрешения возникшей в условиях пандемии проблемы сбора информации создана авторская автоматизированная система сбора и накопления информации, которая осуществляет также обработку тестов и рассылку респондентам в анонимном режиме результатов их тестирования. Эта система универсальна и может быть использована в других исследованиях. Smartphone addiction is a new phenomenon, one of the most widespread non-medical addictions, which in its massiveness has already left behind Internet addiction and gambling addiction. Its negative consequences include psychological and behavioral distortions and self-efficacy problems in its victims. It has been found that smartphone addiction is positively associated with female gender and feelings of loneliness, and negatively with perseverance, self-control, self-regulation, reading habit, healthy lifestyle and health. Smartphone addiction only in women negatively correlates with age, competence, ability to accept compliments, resist provocations, having family, having children, good mood, and positively - with addictive behavior and sleep problems. The average value of smartphone dependence among women is statistically significantly higher than the average value of smartphone dependence among men. Some of the relationships identified in the study generally correspond to the nature of the correlations established in foreign studies, while concretizing and clarifying them in the gender aspect. Overlapping results show that many relationships, while coinciding in direction, do not occur for all individuals, but only for women. Another part of the results obtained is new for both domestic and foreign studies. To resolve the problem of collecting information that arose in the context of a pandemic, an author's automated system for collecting and accumulating information was created, which also processes tests and sends the results of their testing to respondents in anonymous mode. This system is universal and can be used in other studies.

scholarly journals Mindfulness and Smartphone Addiction before Going to Sleep among College Students: The Mediating Roles of Self-Control and Rumination

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-363
Author(s):  
Shi-Shi Cheng ◽  
Chun-Qing Zhang ◽  
Jiang-Qiu Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
Sleep Health

This study aims to examine the effects among college students of mindfulness on smartphone addiction before going to bed at night. We examined the mediating roles of self-control and rumination on the mindfulness–smartphone addiction path. Participants (n = 270, 59.3% females, 18–24 years old) completed self-reporting questionnaires measuring mindfulness, self-control, smartphone addiction, and rumination. In addition to the correlation analysis, we adopted a stepwise regression analysis with bootstrapping to test the mediating effects. It was found that mindfulness was inversely related to smartphone addiction before going to sleep. Most importantly, self-control and rumination significantly mediated the effects of mindfulness on smartphone addiction among college students. The findings of this study indicated that mindfulness training is beneficial to improve the ability of self-control and reduce rumination levels, thereby inhibiting the negative impact of smartphone addiction on college students before they go to sleep, and further promoting their sleep health and mental health.

scholarly journals Relationship of smartphone dependence with personal states and properties

2020 ◽  
pp. 120-127
Author(s):  
Viktor P. Sheinov
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Attention Deficit Disorder ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Compulsive Behaviour ◽  
Analytical Review

Numerous studies show that smartphone addiction has a detrimental effect on many important aspects of modern life. The purpose of this article is an analytical review of foreign studies on the relationship between smartphone addiction and psychological states and personality traits. The adverse effects of excessive use of smartphones for physical and mental health were found in the form of depression, anxiety, stress, negative emotions, insomnia, poor sleep quality, and low physical activity. Excessive smartphone use predicts low self-regulation and poor self-control. Excessive smartphone communication makes people less empathetic to each other, resulting in a loss of empathy and a deterioration in emotional connection with others. Smartphone addiction is positively associated with attention deficit disorder, hyperactivity disorder, compulsive behaviour, and procrastination. Smartphone addiction to social media is linked to interpersonal issues and contributes to non-assertive behaviour and exposure to cyberbullying. The most active smartphone users receive the highest scores for addictive behaviour. Of the personality traits of individuals, loneliness and shyness are the strongest predictors of smartphone addiction. Smartphone addiction negatively affects communication skills. Unmarried people are more dependent on the smartphone. Women are more dependent on smartphones than men.

scholarly journals Self-Activation as a Personal Resource in University Inclusive Educational Environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-77
Author(s):  
M.A. Odintsova ◽  
N. Radchikova
Keyword(s):  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personal Resources ◽  
Voluntary Activity ◽  
Personal Resource ◽  
Psychological Balance

In the sphere of higher education, which is considered one of the most promising in promoting inclusive ideas, great attention is paid to students’ personal resources, characterizing the person's internal voluntary activity: self-control, self-esteem, self-efficacy, self-management, self-knowledge, self-support, self-regulation, and self-activation. They are these personal resources that mediate the students' subjective assessment of the external situation (the absence of barriers, the availability of different types of support), weaken the negative impact of disability, preserve the psychological balance and motivate them to overcome difficulties. A study conducted on the Russian sample showed that inclusive education is effective for students with disabilities and is a motivating factor for their healthy peers. The data obtained is consistent with the results of studies in other countries and cultures

scholarly journals Doing despite Disliking: Self–Regulatory Strategies in Everyday Aversive Activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Hennecke ◽  
Thomas Czikmantori ◽  
Veronika Brandstätter
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Regulatory Strategies ◽  
Self Reports

We investigated the self–regulatory strategies people spontaneously use in their everyday lives to regulate their persistence during aversive activities. In pilot studies (pooled N = 794), we identified self–regulatory strategies from self–reports and generated hypotheses about individual differences in trait self–control predicting their use. Next, deploying ambulatory assessment ( N = 264, 1940 reports of aversive/challenging activities), we investigated predictors of the strategies’ self–reported use and effectiveness (trait self–control and demand types). The popularity of strategies varied across demands. In addition, people higher in trait self–control were more likely to focus on the positive consequences of a given activity, set goals, and use emotion regulation. Focusing on positive consequences, focusing on negative consequences (of not performing the activity), thinking of the near finish, and emotion regulation increased perceived self–regulatory success across demands, whereas distracting oneself from the aversive activity decreased it. None of these strategies, however, accounted for the beneficial effects of trait self–control on perceived self–regulatory success. Hence, trait self–control and strategy use appear to represent separate routes to good self–regulation. By considering trait– and process–approaches these findings promote a more comprehensive understanding of self–regulatory success and failure during people's daily attempts to regulate their persistence. © 2018 European Association of Personality Psychology

scholarly journals Social Exclusion and Impulsive Buying among Chinese College Students: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem and The Moderating Role of Risk Preference

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haocheng Luo ◽  
Jiarong Chen ◽  
Shengnan Li ◽  
Yangang Nie ◽  
Guodong Wang
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Risk Preference ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Impulsive Buying ◽  
The Relationship

With the development of science and technology, buying has become much easier. At the same time, however, impulsive buying has many negative consequences for college students, and the causes of impulsive buying should therefore be explored. To explore the relationship between social exclusion and impulsive buying and its underlying mechanism, this study used the Social Exclusion Scale, Self-Esteem Scale, Risk Preference Scale, and Impulsive Buying Scale to investigate the roles of self-esteem and risk preference in the relationship between social exclusion and impulsive buying among 768 college students (387 were female, Mage = 20.25 years). The results were as follows: (1) when controlling for gender, age, family monthly income, and monthly living expenses, social exclusion significantly and positively predicted impulsive buying; (2) self-esteem played a mediating role between social exclusion and impulsive buying; (3) risk preference moderated the relationship between the second half of the mediating path and the direct path. These results reveal the mechanism underlying impulsive buying in college students, that is, social exclusion will predict the decrease of college students' self-esteem, and low self-esteem will further predict college students' impulsive buying which is a way for them to gain a sense of self-worth. Relatively low risk preference can well alleviate the negative impact of social exclusion and low self-esteem on impulsive buying. What’s more, these results have implications for impulsive buying interventions. Schools should aim to create a good peer atmosphere by making certain rules that help to reduce social exclusion and parents and education departments should cultivate students’ risk awareness to avoid risk behaviors in college students, such as impulsive buying behavior.

Self-Regulation in Instant Messaging (IM)

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anabel Quan-Haase
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Regulation Strategies

Despite the advantages of using instant messaging (IM) for collaborative work, concerns about negative consequences associated with its disruptive nature have been raised. In this paper, the author investigates the mediating role of self-regulation, using a mixed methods approach consisting of questionnaires, focus groups, and interviews. The findings show that these concerns are warranted: IM is disruptive, and multitasking can lead to losses in productivity. Despite these negative consequences, users are active participants in IM and employ a wide range of self-regulation strategies (SRS) to control their overuse. The study found three key SRS: ignoring incoming messages, denying access, and digital or physical removal. The study also found two different approaches to self-regulation. The preventive approach, consisting of creating routines and practices around IM use that would help regulation, and the recuperative approach, consisting of changing behaviors after overuse had occurred. Communication via IM helps in the development of social capital by strengthening social ties among users, which can be useful for information exchange and cooperation. These positive effects provide a balance to the potential negative impact on productivity. Implications for theories of self-regulation of technology and for managerial practice are also discussed.

scholarly journals The Effect of Exercise Duration on Mobile Phone Dependence among College Students: The Mediating Role of Self-Control

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Weihang Huo
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Exercise Duration ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Social

This research focused on the social concern of college students’ participation in physical exercise and mobile phone dependence. The research model and hypotheses in this study were constructed based on the self-control theory and by reviewing previous research. This research distributed questionnaires to 207 college students from a university in Guangzhou, China to obtain relevant data. Mediation analysis was employed to test the four hypotheses drawn from empirical and conceptual research. The results of this research showed that first, the longer the exercise duration of college students, the higher the level of their self-control, thus exercise duration has a significant positive impact on self-control. Second, increasing the exercise duration of college students had no effect on their mobile phone dependence. Third, the higher the level of self-control, the lower the dependence on mobile phones, thus signifying that self-control has significantly negative impact on mobile phone dependence. Fourth, self-control plays a mediating role in the effect of exercise duration on mobile phone dependence. In conclusion, the longer the exercise duration of college students, the higher the level of self-control, in which it is able to significantly reduce the dependence on mobile phones.

scholarly journals A META-ANALYSIS OF SMARTPHONE ADDICTION AND BEHAVIORAL OUTCOMES

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 103-125
Author(s):  
Asad Shahjehan ◽  
Syed Imad Shah ◽  
Javeria Andleeb Qureshi ◽  
Anees Wajid
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Behavioral Outcomes ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Preliminary Review ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Behavioral Outcome ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Though smartphones have become the icon of the 21st century, they are possibly the biggest source of non-drug addiction. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to identify behavioral outcomes associated with smartphone addiction, and to evaluate their overall and individual relationships with smartphone addiction. This metaanalysis conducted a preliminary review of 6115 studies which investigated the relationships between smartphone addiction and behavioral outcomes. Fifty-three studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria developed for this study and their review identified thirteen behavioral outcomes of smartphone addiction. Meta-analytical tests confirmed a positive and significant relationship between smartphone addition and overall behavioral outcome. However, the combined effects were significantly heterogeneous and this could be attributed to the diverse nature of behavioral outcomes, dispersion of studies across the globe, and varying demographics of samples. The results showed the prevalence of the following eight behavioral outcomes: anxiety, depression, loneliness, mental health, self-control, self-regulation, stress; and withdrawal that had a significant and positive relationship with smartphone addiction, while only self-esteem had a significant and negative relationship with smartphone addiction. Finally, depression was identified as the behavioral outcome that has a significant and positive relationship with smartphone addiction irrespective of global geographic and demographic variations. This article has elaborated on smartphone addiction criteria similar to that established for researches in substance abuse and addiction. Furthermore, the article has been able to show that smartphone addiction and its problematic use has become an emerging problem with grave consequences.

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