scholarly journals A META-ANALYSIS OF SMARTPHONE ADDICTION AND BEHAVIORAL OUTCOMES

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 103-125
Author(s):  
Asad Shahjehan ◽  
Syed Imad Shah ◽  
Javeria Andleeb Qureshi ◽  
Anees Wajid
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Behavioral Outcomes ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Preliminary Review ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Behavioral Outcome ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Though smartphones have become the icon of the 21st century, they are possibly the biggest source of non-drug addiction. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to identify behavioral outcomes associated with smartphone addiction, and to evaluate their overall and individual relationships with smartphone addiction. This metaanalysis conducted a preliminary review of 6115 studies which investigated the relationships between smartphone addiction and behavioral outcomes. Fifty-three studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria developed for this study and their review identified thirteen behavioral outcomes of smartphone addiction. Meta-analytical tests confirmed a positive and significant relationship between smartphone addition and overall behavioral outcome. However, the combined effects were significantly heterogeneous and this could be attributed to the diverse nature of behavioral outcomes, dispersion of studies across the globe, and varying demographics of samples. The results showed the prevalence of the following eight behavioral outcomes: anxiety, depression, loneliness, mental health, self-control, self-regulation, stress; and withdrawal that had a significant and positive relationship with smartphone addiction, while only self-esteem had a significant and negative relationship with smartphone addiction. Finally, depression was identified as the behavioral outcome that has a significant and positive relationship with smartphone addiction irrespective of global geographic and demographic variations. This article has elaborated on smartphone addiction criteria similar to that established for researches in substance abuse and addiction. Furthermore, the article has been able to show that smartphone addiction and its problematic use has become an emerging problem with grave consequences.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL STATES AND PROPERTIES OF THE PERSONALITY HAVING DEPENDENCE ON THE SMARTPHONE

2021 ◽  
pp. 225-235
Author(s):  
Виктор Павлович Шейнов ◽  
Наталья Васильевна Дятчик
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Educational Work

Зависимость от смартфона стала распространенным явлением, особенно в молодежной среде. В предыдущих исследованиях установлены большая распространенность данной зависимости и то, что жертвы этой зависимости испытывают страдания от плохого качества сна (а то и от бессонницы), депрессии, тревожности, стресса, а также отрицательные эмоции, характеризуются значительным снижением физической активности. Распространенность зависимости от смартфона и ее отрицательные последствия диктуют необходимость ее всестороннего исследования. Изучаются проявления феномена зависимости от смартфонов у учащихся медицинского колледжа. Установлено, что зависимость от смартфона положительно связана с одиночеством, агрессивностью, плохим настроением и отрицательно – с коммуникативной компетентностью, настойчивостью, самообладанием, саморегуляцией, а также с возрастом. В большей степени она проявляется у представителей женского пола. Выявленные корреляции зависимости от смартфонов с одиночеством, агрессивностью, саморегуляцией, коммуникативной компетентностью в целом соответствуют характеру корреляций, установленных в зарубежных исследованиях. Новыми как для отечественных, так и для зарубежных исследований являются установленные авторами отрицательные связи зависимости от смартфона респондентов с настойчивостью и самообладанием. Smartphone addiction has become common, especially among young people. Previous studies have established a high prevalence of this addiction and the fact that the victims of this addiction experience suffering: from poor sleep quality (and even insomnia), depression, anxiety, stress, experience negative emotions, and are also characterized by a significant decrease in physical activity. The prevalence of smartphone addiction and its negative consequences dictate the need for a comprehensive study. The article examines the manifestations of the phenomenon of smartphone addiction in medical college students. It is shown that the psychological mechanism of the emergence of addictions is described by a general model of psychological impact. It was found that that smartphone addiction is positively associated with loneliness, aggressiveness, bad mood, with the female gender, and negatively – with communicative competence, persistence, self-control, self-regulation, as well as with age. The connections identified in the article with loneliness, aggressiveness, self-regulation, and communicative competence generally correspond to the nature of the correlations established in foreign studies. New for both domestic and foreign studies are the negative links of dependence on smartphones with persistence and self-control revealed in the article. Based on the results of this study, recommendations were developed (based on the obtained empirical data) for college students to minimize the negative impact of smartphones on their mental and physical health. It is recommended in the process of educational work with students to explain the negative consequences of dependence on smartphones and the value of direct, live communication with their environment.

scholarly journals PERSONAL PROPERTIES AND HEALTH STATE OF VICTIMS OF DEPENDENCE ON THE SMARTPHONE

2021 ◽  
pp. 171-191
Author(s):  
В.П. Шейнов ◽  
А.С. Девицын
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Health State ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Average Value

Зависимость от смартфона - это новое явление, однако успевшее стать одной из наиболее распространенных немедицинских зависимостей, которая по своей массовости уже оставила позади интернет-зависимость и игроманию. Ее отрицательные последствия включают психологические и поведенческие искажения и проблемы с само-эффективностью у ее жертв. Установлено, что зависимость от смартфона положительно связана с женским полом и переживанием чувства одиночества и отрицательно - с настойчивостью, самообладанием, саморегуляцией, привычкой читать, здоровым образом жизни и состоянием здоровья. Зависимость от смартфона только у женщин отрицательно коррелирует с возрастом, компетентностью, комплементарностью, провокационностью, наличием семьи, наличием детей, хорошим настроением и положительно - с зависимым поведением и проблемами со сном. Средние значения зависимости от смартфона женщин по данным разных исследований статистически значимо превосходит средние значения зависимости от смартфона мужчин. Часть связей, выявленных в настоящем исследовании в целом соответствуют характеру корреляций, установленных в зарубежных работах, при этом конкретизируя и уточняя их в гендерном аспекте. Пересекающиеся результаты показывают, что многие взаимосвязи, совпадая по направленности, имеют место только у женщин. Другая часть полученных результатов является новой как для отечественных, так и для зарубежных изысканий. С целью разрешения возникшей в условиях пандемии проблемы сбора информации создана авторская автоматизированная система сбора и накопления информации, которая осуществляет также обработку тестов и рассылку респондентам в анонимном режиме результатов их тестирования. Эта система универсальна и может быть использована в других исследованиях. Smartphone addiction is a new phenomenon, one of the most widespread non-medical addictions, which in its massiveness has already left behind Internet addiction and gambling addiction. Its negative consequences include psychological and behavioral distortions and self-efficacy problems in its victims. It has been found that smartphone addiction is positively associated with female gender and feelings of loneliness, and negatively with perseverance, self-control, self-regulation, reading habit, healthy lifestyle and health. Smartphone addiction only in women negatively correlates with age, competence, ability to accept compliments, resist provocations, having family, having children, good mood, and positively - with addictive behavior and sleep problems. The average value of smartphone dependence among women is statistically significantly higher than the average value of smartphone dependence among men. Some of the relationships identified in the study generally correspond to the nature of the correlations established in foreign studies, while concretizing and clarifying them in the gender aspect. Overlapping results show that many relationships, while coinciding in direction, do not occur for all individuals, but only for women. Another part of the results obtained is new for both domestic and foreign studies. To resolve the problem of collecting information that arose in the context of a pandemic, an author's automated system for collecting and accumulating information was created, which also processes tests and sends the results of their testing to respondents in anonymous mode. This system is universal and can be used in other studies.

scholarly journals SMARTPHONE ADDICTION AND BEHAVIORAL OUTCOMES IN SOUTH KOREA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-369
Author(s):  
Asad Shahjehan ◽  
Sajjad Ahmad Afridi ◽  
Maqsood Haider ◽  
Amjad Iqbal ◽  
Shahab Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Behavioral Outcomes ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
The South ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Behavior Outcomes ◽  
Considerable Debate ◽  
Country Specific

Purpose of the study: There is considerable debate on smartphone addiction and its relationship with behavioral outcomes however in literature there is only one meta-analysis in the country-specific context and none in the South Korean context. Ranked 6th based on smartphone penetration in the world it is imperative to quantify the association. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted to collect published sources about smartphone addiction and its relationships with behavioral outcomes. The identified sources were evaluated for appropriateness and inclusion in the meta-analysis was made. Thirty-one studies were included in the Meta-analysis providing data from 32 samples (n=11,002) and presented associations with 13 behavioral outcomes. Main Findings: Meta-analytical tests presented a positive and significant relationship between smartphone addiction and the overall subject’s behavioral outcomes. Among the behavioral outcomes identified through the systematic review, six had significant while seven had an insignificant association with smartphone addiction. Lastly, these behavioral outcomes were quantitatively classified into 6 groups based on direction, significance, and heterogeneity of their reported effects. Overall smartphone addiction has a significant role in modifying certain behaviors of an individual. Applications of this study: The results of this study enforce the opinion that smartphone addiction tends to significantly enhance negative behavioral outcomes while limits positive outcomes in the South Korean population. Novelty/Originality of this study: This is the first country-specific study conducted regarding smartphone addiction. This is also the first meta-analysis study conducted which evaluated the effects of smartphone addiction on multiple behavior outcomes.

scholarly journals Impulsivity and the Self-Defeating Behavior of Narcissists

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simine Vazire ◽  
David C. Funder
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Parsimonious Explanation ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship ◽  
Affective Processes ◽  
The Status

Currently prominent models of narcissism (e.g., Morf & Rhodewalt, 2001) primarily explain narcissists' self-defeating behaviors in terms of conscious cognitive and affective processes. We propose that the disposition of impulsivity may also play an important role. We offer 2 forms of evidence. First, we present a meta-analysis demonstrating a strong positive relationship between narcissism and impulsivity. Second, we review and reinterpret the literature on 3 hallmarks of narcissism: self-enhancement, aggression, and negative long-term outcomes. Our reinterpretation argues that impulsivity provides a more parsimonious explanation for at least some of narcissists' self-defeating behavior than do existing models. These 2 sources of evidence suggest that narcissists' quest for the status and recognition they so intensely desire is thwarted, in part, by their lack of the self-control necessary to achieve those goals.

scholarly journals Hubungan antara Manajemen Waktu dan Regulasi Diri dengan Kecanduan Smartphone

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muslihatin Azizah ◽  
Muslikah Muslikah
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
School Students

Abstract: This study aims to identify the relationship between self-regulation, time management, and smartphone addiction on Public Senior High School students in North Surakarta. The data were collected from Public Senior High School 1, 5, and 8 Surakarta with samples of 283 students. The data collection technique was simple random sampling by developing three scales, i.e., self-regulation skill, time management scale, and smartphone addiction scale. This study applied two kinds of data analysis, which were descriptive analysis and regression analysis. The results of this study showed a negative relationship between self-regulation, time management, and smartphone addiction, either partially or entirely by 27.7%. The results also showed that the higher the student’s self-regulation and time management levels, the lower the level of student smartphone addiction.Indonesian Abstract. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara regulasi diri, manajemen waktu dan adiksi smartphone pada siswa SMA Negeri di Surakarta Utara. Pengumpulan data dilakukan di SMA Negeri 1, 5, dan 8 Surakarta dengan sampel sebanyak 283 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan simple random sampling dengan mengembangkan tiga skala yaitu skala kemampuan regulasi diri, skala manajemen waktu, dan skala kecanduan smartphone. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua jenis analisis data, yaitu analisis deskriptif dan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan negatif antara regulasi diri, manajemen waktu, dan adiksi smartphone, baik secara parsial maupun seluruhnya sebesar 27,7%. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat regulasi diri dan manajemen waktu siswa, maka semakin rendah pula tingkat kecanduan smartphone siswa.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TIME MANAGEMENT, SELF REGULATION, AND SMARTPHONE ADDICTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-98
Author(s):  
Muslihatin Azizah
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to identify the relationship between self-regulation, time management and smartphone addiction on Public Senior High School students in North Surakarta. The data were collected from Public Senior High School 1, 5, and 8 Surakarta with samples by 283 students. The data collection technique was simple random sampling by developing three scales, i.e., self-regulation skill, time management scale, and smartphone addiction scale. This study applied two kinds of data analysis, which were descriptive analysis and regression analysis. The results of this study showed a negative relationship between self-regulation, time management, and smartphone addiction, either partially or entirely by 27.7%. The results also showed that the higher the student’s self-regulation and time management levels, the lower the level of student’s smartphone addiction. 

scholarly journals Relationship of smartphone dependence with personal states and properties

2020 ◽  
pp. 120-127
Author(s):  
Viktor P. Sheinov
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Attention Deficit Disorder ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Compulsive Behaviour ◽  
Analytical Review

Numerous studies show that smartphone addiction has a detrimental effect on many important aspects of modern life. The purpose of this article is an analytical review of foreign studies on the relationship between smartphone addiction and psychological states and personality traits. The adverse effects of excessive use of smartphones for physical and mental health were found in the form of depression, anxiety, stress, negative emotions, insomnia, poor sleep quality, and low physical activity. Excessive smartphone use predicts low self-regulation and poor self-control. Excessive smartphone communication makes people less empathetic to each other, resulting in a loss of empathy and a deterioration in emotional connection with others. Smartphone addiction is positively associated with attention deficit disorder, hyperactivity disorder, compulsive behaviour, and procrastination. Smartphone addiction to social media is linked to interpersonal issues and contributes to non-assertive behaviour and exposure to cyberbullying. The most active smartphone users receive the highest scores for addictive behaviour. Of the personality traits of individuals, loneliness and shyness are the strongest predictors of smartphone addiction. Smartphone addiction negatively affects communication skills. Unmarried people are more dependent on the smartphone. Women are more dependent on smartphones than men.

scholarly journals SHORT VERSION OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE "SCALE OF DEPENDENCE ON THE SMARTPHONE"

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-115
Author(s):  
В. П. Шейнов
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Validity Criteria ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Corporate Information Systems ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Зависимость от смартфона - это новое явление, одна из наиболее распространенных немедицинских зависимостей, которая по своей массовости уже оставила позади интернет-зависимость и игроманию, образовав с ними опасный конгломерат. Отрицательные последствия зависимости от смартфонов могут включать психологические и поведенческие проблемы и проблемы с само-эффективностью у жертв этой зависимости. В статье показано, что предложенная автором сокращенная версия опросника «Smartphone Addiction Scale» (SAS) надежна и валидна. Она удовлетворяет стандартным требованиям к опросникам относительно надежности: на внутреннюю согласованность, надежность частей теста и ретестовую надежность. Опросник валиден, удовлетворяя ключевым критериям валидности: валидизации в процессе конструирования опросника; валидности содержательной; «очевидной»; текущей и прогностической; конструктной и конвергентной валидности; валидности по полу. Опросник стандартизован: приведены нормы, позволяющие выразить отличие индивидуального результата от среднего в единицах стандартного отклонения. Диагностируемая опросником зависимость от смартфона положительно коррелирует с тревожностью, депрессией, стрессом и отрицательно связана с самоконтролем и с удовлетворенностью жизнью. Зависимость от смартфона женщин, диагностированная опросником, статистически значимо превосходит зависимость от смартфона мужчин. Обнаружена значимая положительная связь тяги к курению у мужчин с зависимостью от смартфона. The article discusses the psychological concept of involvement and its significance in the design of corporate information systems. Traditionally, the concept of engagement is used to Smartphone addiction is a new phenomenon, one of the most widespread non-medical addictions, which, by its massiveness, has already left behind Internet addiction and gambling addiction, forming a dangerous conglomerate with them. The negative consequences of smartphone addiction can include psychological, behavioral and self-efficacy problems in victims of this addiction. The article shows that the short version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS) questionnaire proposed by the author is reliable and valid. It meets the standard requirements for reliability questionnaires: internal consistency, test portions reliability, and retest reliability. The questionnaire is valid, meeting the key validity criteria: validation in the process of designing the questionnaire; substantive validity; "obvious"; current and prognostic; construct and convergent validity; gender validity. The questionnaire is standardized: norms are given that allow expressing the difference between an individual result and the mean in units of standard deviation. Smartphone addiction diagnosed by the questionnaire is positively correlated with anxiety, depression, stress and is negatively associated with self-control and life satisfaction. The dependence on the smartphone of women, diagnosed by the questionnaire, statistically significantly exceeds the dependence on the smartphone of men. A significant positive relationship was found between smoking cravings in men and smartphone addiction.

scholarly journals Some variables predicting five factor personality of adolescentsErgenlerin beş faktör kişilik özelliğini yordayan bazı değişkenler

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 3654
Author(s):  
Mehmet Bilgin
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Cognitive Errors ◽  
Social Self ◽  
School Students

In this study, variables predicting the five-factor personality traits of adolescents were examined. These variables are cognitive flexibility, social self-efficacy, and cognitive errors. Research on middle and high school students from 7th.8th.9th.10th.11th.and 12th grades, a total of 441 students, participated to the study. In the study, the Five Factor Personality Inventory, Social Self Efficacy Scale, Cognitive Flexibility Scale and Cognitive Errors Questionnaire were used. The findings of the study show that significant predictied variables for five personality traits are cognitive flexibility, social self-efficacy and cognitive errors. As a result, positive relationship between social self-efficacy and extraversion, aggreeablesness, and openness to experiences personality traits were emerged. It was determined that there was a positive relationship between self-control personality traits and cognitive flexibility, and a negative relationship cognitive flexibility with neuroticism. However, results showed that over-generalization error was commonly used by people who had self-control and neuroticism personality traits. Self-control and agreeablesness of the personality traits were used at the same time personalization errors.  It is determined that only individuals with agreeablesness trait seemed to made error of selective abstraction. Overall, It is seen that people who are cognitive flexibility are extraversion, agreeablesness, self-control and openness to experiences personality traits.  ÖzetBu çalışmada, ergenlerin beş faktör kişilik özelliklerini yordayan değişkenler incelenmeye çalışılmıştır.  Bu değişkenler bilişsel esneklik, sosyal yetkinlik ve bilişsel hatalardır. Araştırmaya 7.8.9.10.11.ve 12 sınıf öğrencileri olmak üzere toplam 441 öğrenci katılmıştır. Araştırmada beş faktör kişilik envanteri, bilişsel esneklik ölçeği, bilişsel hatalar ölçeği ve sosyal yetkinlik beklentisi ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonunda elde edilen bulgular, beş faktör kişilik özelliklerine anlamlı olarak etkiedendeğişkenlerin, bilişsel esneklik, bilişsel hatalar ve sosyal yetkinlik beklentisi olduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, dışadönüklük, yumuşakbaşlılık, ve gelişime açıklık kişilik özellikleri ile sosyal yetkinlik arasında pozitif bir ilişki olduğu görülmektedir. Bilişsel esneklik ile özdenetim kişilik özelliği arasında pozitif, nevrotizm ile negatif bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte aşırı genelleme hatasının özdenetim ve nevrotizm kişilik özelliklerine sahip kişiler tarafından daha çok kullanıldığı, özdenetim kişilik özelliğine sahip kişilerin ve yumuşakbaşlılık kişilik özelliğine sahip kişilerin aynı zamanda kişiselleştirme hatalarını da kullandıkları saptanmıştır. Sadece yumuşakbaşlılık kişilik özelliğine sahip bireylerin seçici soyutlama hatasını yaptıkları belirlenmiştir.

Antecedents of phubbing: from technological and psychological perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-178
Author(s):  
Sheshadri Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Detailed Statistical Analysis ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify the factors responsible for phubbing (PHU) from technological and psychological aspects. Design/methodology/approach From the literature review, some hypotheses have been formulated and a conceptual model has been developed. The model has been validated and the hypotheses have been tested by a statistical approach using a survey with involvement of 302 useable responses. The responses have been quantified and thereafter detailed statistical analysis has been adopted to verify the conceptual model and the hypotheses. Findings Smartphone addiction (SPA) is the principle component that is responsible for PHU, which is also the goal of the study. Research limitations/implications The study highlights that unless SPA behavior of individuals is reduced; it is not possible to control PHU behavior. For restricting SPA, self-control of the users of smartphone is necessary. Besides, imposition of appropriate rules and regulations can check the menace of SPA that in turn would control PHU. Practical implications Practitioners are to arrange to reduce SPA of people. The users are to be made known regarding the dark sides of SPA responsible for PHU. Besides, practitioners should conduct awareness programs to keep the users apprised regarding menace of SPA and PHU. Practitioners should arrange to execute consistently regulatory restrictions to control SPA. This would also be able to control individuals to exhibit PHU behavior. Social implications PHU inhibits quality of interpersonal communication. It lowers the esteem and exhibits negative relationship satisfaction among the interacting parties. PHU creates ostracism. Identification of factors responsible for PHU would help to provide a solution to check PHU. Originality/value Not much research on this issue is known to have taken place. In this regard, this attempt should be deemed to be a novel attempt.

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