scholarly journals Ciri-ciri akustik tuturan gagap: Kajian fonetik akustik

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-248
Author(s):  
Dian Mahendra ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sound Intensity ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Slow Movement ◽  
High Increase ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Documentary Data ◽  
Phonetic Transcription

This study aims to formulate the acoustic characteristics of stuttering speech through the acoustic phonetic approach. The parameters used to determine the acoustic characteristics of stuttering speech are the duration of speech and silence, the speech tone contours, and the intensity contours of the speech. The data used in this research is a documentary data taken from the website www.youtube.com. The research data is in the form of stuttering speech with phonetic transcription [bəbəbəp bəbəp bəbəbəp bəlaki]. The data were analyzed using Praat 1.6.26 software. The results show that the analyzed stuttering speech has some acoustic characteristics as follows: (1) it has a different duration per sound segment and tends to increase in the last sound segment which is influenced by the length of the lexical strands and the slow movement of the speakers articulator; (2) it has silences with varying duration between one sound segment and another, which indicates that a stuttering speech is spoken haltingly and often stops suddenly; (3) it has a fairly flat tone contour in the first, second, and third segments, and has a significant increase in tone contour in the last sound segment; and (4) it is spoken louder in the last sound segment compared to the previous sound segment which is characterized by a high increase in sound intensity in the last sound segment.

scholarly journals Examining Factors Influencing the Viability of Automatic Acoustic Analysis of Child Speech

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 2487-2501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thea Knowles ◽  
Meghan Clayards ◽  
Morgan Sonderegger
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Center Of Gravity ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Alignment Accuracy ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Phonetic Transcription ◽  
Very Young Children ◽  
Child Speech

Purpose Heterogeneous child speech was force-aligned to investigate whether (a) manipulating specific parameters could improve alignment accuracy and (b) forced alignment could be used to replicate published results on acoustic characteristics of /s/ production by children. Method In Part 1, child speech from 2 corpora was force-aligned with a trainable aligner (Prosodylab-Aligner) under different conditions that systematically manipulated input training data and the type of transcription used. Alignment accuracy was determined by comparing hand and automatic alignments as to how often they overlapped (%-Match) and absolute differences in duration and boundary placements. Using mixed-effects regression, accuracy was modeled as a function of alignment conditions, as well as segment and child age. In Part 2, forced alignments derived from a subset of the alignment conditions in Part 1 were used to extract spectral center of gravity of /s/ productions from young children. These findings were compared to published results that used manual alignments of the same data. Results Overall, the results of Part 1 demonstrated that using training data more similar to the data to be aligned as well as phonetic transcription led to improvements in alignment accuracy. Speech from older children was aligned more accurately than younger children. In Part 2, /s/ center of gravity extracted from force-aligned segments was found to diverge in the speech of male and female children, replicating the pattern found in previous work using manually aligned segments. This was true even for the least accurate forced alignment method. Conclusions Alignment accuracy of child speech can be improved by using more specific training and transcription. However, poor alignment accuracy was not found to impede acoustic analysis of /s/ produced by even very young children. Thus, forced alignment presents a useful tool for the analysis of child speech. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7070105

Documentation

2021 ◽  
pp. 109-128
Author(s):  
Aaron Williamon ◽  
Jane Ginsborg ◽  
Rosie Perkins ◽  
George Waddell
Keyword(s):  
Visual Representation ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Rich Source ◽  
Documentary Data ◽  
Music Making ◽  
Program Notes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Music Research ◽  
Source Of Information

Chapter 5 of Performing Music Research focuses on three different types of documents, beginning with pre-existing written, audio, and audiovisual documentation. First, the chapter gives examples of pre-existing documents, such as program notes, which can be used in studies as research data in their own right and as stimuli for research. Second, it considers documentation created specifically for research purposes. This includes recordings of music making, which are a rich source of information in music research, and diaries—whether written, audio, or audiovisual. Third, it considers drawings and other forms of visual representation. Throughout, the chapter highlights the possibilities of obtaining insights from documentary data by using newly developed technologies.

scholarly journals Vocalization of broilers can be used to identify their sex and genetic strain

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERICA M. PEREIRA ◽  
IRENILZA DE A. NÄÄS ◽  
RODRIGO G. GARCIA
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Sound Intensity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Genetic Strain ◽  
Digital Recorder ◽  
Group A ◽  
Second Formant

In order to reach higher broiler performance, farmers target losses reduction. One way to make this possible is by rearing sexed broilers as male and female present diverse performance due to their physiological differences. Birds from different genetic strain also have a distinct performance at the same age. Considering that sexed flocks may present higher performance this study aimed to identify one-day-old chicks’ sex throughout their vocalization. This research also investigated the possibility of identifying the genetic strain by their vocalization attributes. A total of 120 chicks, half of them were from Cobb® genetic strain and the other half from Ross® genetic strain. From each group, a total of 30 were males and 30 females, which were previously separated by sex using their secondary physiological characteristics at the hatchery. Vocalizations audio recording was done inside a semi-anechoic chamber using a unidirectional microphone connected to an audio input of a digital recorder. Vocalizations were recorded for two minutes. Acoustic characteristics of the sounds were analyzed being calculated the fundamental frequency Pitch, the sound intensity, the first formant, and second formant. Results indicated that the vocalizations of both sexes could be identified by the second formant, and the genetic strain was detected by both the second formant and the Pitch.

Experimental Study on Acoustic Characteristics of Particle Breakage Under Combined Shear and Extrusion Load

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 846-856
Author(s):  
Yu Luo Jian ◽  
Tong Xin ◽  
Wu Huang Yi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Sound Intensity ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Particle Crushing ◽  
Acoustic Parameters ◽  
Angle Variation ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Loading Process ◽  
Variation Range

The jaw crushing loading process is a typical loading process of combined shearing and extrusion. In this paper, by establishing a complete jaw crushing loading process, the sonic test method is used to determine and analyze the particle crushing law to explore acoustic characteristics of particle crushing under the combined action of shear and extrusion. A jaw crushing tester is used to simulate the jaw crushing process of sand aggregate specimens. A rock-soil sound wave detector is used to measure the sound speed, sound amplitude, and sound intensity during the simulated jaw crushing process. It is found that when the jaw angle variation range is 2.6°, the inlet-outlet ratio is 0.332 and the motor speed is 15 r/min, the sound velocity and the sound amplitude curves fluctuate more drastically and the sound intensity is higher. The crushing evaluation of the sand aggregate specimens, which have experienced crushing simulation, shows that when the jaw angle variation range is 3.0°, the inlet-outlet ratio is 0.332 and the motor speed is 33 r/min, higher crushing energy rate and crushing rate are achieved. Through the comparative analysis of each group’s acoustic parameters and crushing evaluations, it is found that both the acoustic parameters and the crushing evaluations reflect the crushing process, but they have similarities and differences. Therefore, to some extent, the acoustic parameters in the crushing process can be regarded as significant indicators for evaluating the crushing effect. This conclusion may be a reference for optimizing working parameters and structural parameters of crushing equipment.

scholarly journals Application of LGBT-themed Socios Scientific Issue Reference Books to Improve Students Knowledge in Senior High Schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Dasni Elsa Meilianti ◽  
Yustina Yustina ◽  
Suwondo Suwondo
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Research Data ◽  
High Increase ◽  
Scientific Issue ◽  
Bisexual And Transgender ◽  
Biology Learning

This study aims to determine the increase in students' knowledge through the application of reference books based on socio-scientific issues with the theme of LGBT (Lesbi, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender) which have been developed previously and integrated into the reproductive system material in class XI humans. The research was conducted at SMA PGRI Pekanbaru. The method used in this research was a Research and Development. Sources of research data came from 50 Class XI MIPA students. Research design was One group pretest posttest only. Data collection obtained from the pretest and posttest results of students' knowledge. The results showed that the students' knowledge had increased in the posttest results from 52.8 to 86.7 with a relatively high increase (N-Gain 0.71). From the results of the study, it can be concluded that reference books based on socio-scientific issues with the LGBT theme can be used as additional biology learning media in high school on reproductive system material.

Prosodic Impairment Associated With Traumatic Brain Injury

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Billy Irwin
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Individual Variations

Abstract Purpose: This article discusses impaired prosody production subsequent to traumatic brain injury (TBI). Prosody may affect naturalness and intelligibility of speech significantly, often for the long term, and TBI may result in a variety of impairments. Method: Intonation, rate, and stress production are discussed in terms of the perceptual, physiological, and acoustic characteristics associated with TBI. Results and Conclusions: All aspects of prosodic production are susceptible to the effects of damage resulting from TBI. There are commonly associated prosodic impairments; however, individual variations in specific aspects of prosody require detailed analysis.

Age-Related Decline in Emotional Prosody Discrimination

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel L. C. Mitchell ◽  
Rachel A. Kingston
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Auditory Perception ◽  
Duration Discrimination ◽  
Pitch Perception ◽  
Sensory Level ◽  
Emotional Prosody ◽  
Processing Stage ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Level Of Processing

It is now accepted that older adults have difficulty recognizing prosodic emotion cues, but it is not clear at what processing stage this ability breaks down. We manipulated the acoustic characteristics of tones in pitch, amplitude, and duration discrimination tasks to assess whether impaired basic auditory perception coexisted with our previously demonstrated age-related prosodic emotion perception impairment. It was found that pitch perception was particularly impaired in older adults, and that it displayed the strongest correlation with prosodic emotion discrimination. We conclude that an important cause of age-related impairment in prosodic emotion comprehension exists at the fundamental sensory level of processing.

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