scholarly journals The effects of tuber size and chitting method on the growth and yield of Amyla and Barima potatoes

1973 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-318
Author(s):  
Eero Varis
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Small Seed ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Number Of Stems

The effects of two seed tuber sizes on the growth and the yield of the potato when using various methods of chitting were studied in 1963—66. The cultivars used were Amyla and Barima. The variations affected by seed size were not directly proportional to the seed weight. From small seed the early development of the haulms was slower, the number of stems smaller, the weight of the haulms and roots smaller. The number of tubers per hill was lower but the number of tubers per stem higher. Average yield per seed tuber was 16 per cent smaller. Small seed produced a slightly higher starch content and a lower percentage of blight infected tubers. Plants from large seed tubers developed faster and the weight of their haulms and roots declined more in the autumn. In the early liftings also the tuber yield per hill was distinctly larger than from small seed, but in the case of the earlier cultivar Barima the difference was fully levelled out by the autumn. Chitting made the early growth faster, decreased the number of stems, reduced the weight of the haulms and roots and decreased the number of tubers per hill. The average increases of yield and starch content were not significant but were dependent on cultivar and lifting time. When chitting was employed the amount of large tubers increased and scab infection decreased. In many respects Amyla and Barima reacted differently both to seed tuber size and to chitting.

scholarly journals Potato yield and quality as a function of the plant density

1975 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-165
Author(s):  
Eero Varis
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Stem Density ◽  
Stem Number ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Small Seed ◽  
Number Of Stems

The effects of potato plant density on yield quantity and quality were investigated at the Hankkija Plant Breeding Institute from 1971-73, using seed rates of 1600, 3200 and 4800 kg/ha, and seed sizes of 40, 80 and 120 g. The varieties used were Ijsselster and Record. The number of stems per m2 rose with increasing seed rate and with increasing seed size. Stem number increased with seed rate faster for small seed than for large. The response in stem number was greater for Ijsselster than for Record. The number of stems per seed tuber fell as the plant density rose. The number of tubers per m2 altered in the same direction as the number of stems, but less responsively. The reason for this was that the number of tubers per stem decreased with increasing plant density. The tuber yield showed a continual increase with increasing plant density. At the lowest stem densities (less than 20—25 stems/m2) small seed gave better results than other sizes, but at the higher plant densities, the importance of seed size faded away and the yield was dependant on the plant density alone. Net yield (gross yield 2 x seed rate), however, was higher the smaller the seed used, whatever the stem density. Tuber size decreased when plant density increased, the proportion of large tubers diminishing most, especially when small seed was used. The proportion of small tubers altered more for Ijsselster than for Record. Seed size and seed rate did not on average significantly affect the proportion of Class I potatoes, though small seed gave results slightly better than other sizes. The starch content of the yield rose when the seed rate was increased (16.0-16.3 -16.5 %) and fell with increasing seed size (16.5 16.2 16.1 %). The maximum variation was 15.8-16.7 %. The specific gravity distribution improved with increasing plant density. Raw discolouration of the tubers did not alter significantly as the plant density rose. Blackening of the tubers decreased with increasing plant density when small and medium sized seed were used. Mealiness of the tubers was somewhat higher for small seed than for other seed sizes.

Effects of planting mixtures of different sizes of potato seed tubers on the yield and size of tubers

1997 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. HIDE ◽  
S. J. WELHAM ◽  
P. J. READ ◽  
A. E. AINSLEY
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Large Seed ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Small Seed ◽  
Mixed Populations

In 1989 and 1990, small, medium and large seed tubers, cv. Désirée, were planted 38 cm apart in experiments designed to measure the effects of different combinations of neighbouring plants on the yield and size of tubers from individual plants. Total yield, ware yield (> 150 g), numbers of tubers and numbers of stems increased as seed tuber size increased. Also, decreasing the size of seed tubers decreased the numbers of tubers in all sizes except those > 200 g. Competition from the two neighbouring plants on either side in the same row (first neighbours) increased as the size of seed tubers increased and with all seed sizes yields decreased. For example, plants from large seed benefited from small seed planted as neighbours whereas, with plants from small seed, yield was decreased with neighbouring plants from large seed. Numbers of stems and tubers were not affected by neighbouring plants. Also yields were not affected by the two plants adjacent to the first neighbours (second neighbours) or by the size of seed tubers planted in adjacent rows. Competition from first neighbours also affected tuber size distributions and, with small seed, increasing the competition decreased the number of tubers > 150 g and increased numbers < 50 g. Medium and small seed planted as neighbours of large seed increased numbers of tubers > 150 g. When yields from plants produced by seed of each size with similarly sized seed planted as first neighbours (uniform populations) were compared with mixed populations, yields were always greater from the mixed populations of different seed sizes planted alternately than from the means of uniform populations. Therefore in the mixed populations, there were larger gains from the larger seed than losses from the smaller seed.

Stem canker (Rhizoctoniu solani) on three early and three maincrop potato cultivars: effects of seed tuber size on growth and yield

1992 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. HIDE ◽  
P. J. READ ◽  
SHARON M. HALL
Keyword(s):  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Growth And Yield

scholarly journals Effects of seed tuber size on growth and yield performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties under field conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (39) ◽  
pp. 2077-2086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Sadik ◽  
Mohammed Hussien ◽  
Ayalew Tewodros
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Performance

scholarly journals Growth and Yield of Different Size-Seedling Tubers Derived from True Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Seeds as Influenced by Clump Planting

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
RN Rojoni ◽  
TS Roy ◽  
M D Sarkar ◽  
K Kabir ◽  
A Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Four Levels

An experiment was conducted at the Horticulture farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during November 2010 to March 2011. Four levels of seedling tuber size, viz. 6-<7 g (S1), 7-<8 g (S2), 8-<9 g (S3) and, 9-?10 g (S4) and three levels of seedling tuber, viz. 1 hill-1 (N1), 2 hill-1 (N2) and 3 hill-1 (N3) were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. At harvest, the tallest plant (82.17 cm), highest number of leaves plant-1 (83.30), highest LAI (6.23), tubers weight hill-1 (128.90 g) and tuber yield ha-1 (25.78 t) were found in S4, while the lowest was in S1. On the other hand, the tallest plant (74.91 cm), highest number of leaves plant-1 (74.45), highest LAI (5.41), tubers weight hill-1 (123.95 g) and tuber yield ha-1 (24.79 t) were found in N3, while the lowest was in N1. The tallest plant (85.09 cm), highest number of leaves plant-1 (87.97), highest LAI (6.64), tubers weight hill-1 (138.35 g) and tuber yield ha-1 (27.67 t) were found in S4N3 and the lowest gross tuber yield ha-1(12.83 t) was from S1N1. Large seedling tuber with single seedling tuber hill-1 performed better. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v12i1.19866 The Agriculturists 2014; 12(1) 111-121

scholarly journals PENGARUH UKURAN DAN PERLAKUAN BIBIT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI ILES-ILES

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
. HOBIR
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Sprouted Seeds ◽  
Plant Stand

<p>Pengaruh ukuran dan perlakuan bibit terhadap petumbuhan dan produksi umbi iles-ilcs (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) ditcliti di Bogor dan Cikampek tahun 1993 1995, yang dilakukan dalam dua percobaan. Pada percobaan petama dipelajai pengaruh ukuran bibit utuh dan pada percobaan kedua pengaruh ukuran dan pcmbclahan bibit terhadap petumbuhan dan produksi umbi. Bibit utuh berasal dari umbi batang dengan ukuran 200 dan lOOg, seta umbi tetas dengan 5 dan 2.5g, sedangkan pcmbclahan bibit berasal dai umbi batang ukuran 200g, yang dibelah menjadi 2 bagian (a lOOg), 4 bagian (a SOg) dan 8 bagian (a 25g). Bibit dai pcrlakuan-perlakuan tersebut disemai di bak pasir di rumah kaca dan petumbuhannya diamati pada umur 1-2 bulan. Bibit yang bctunas normal ditanam di lapangan. Untuk percobaan percobaan petama (bibit utuh), bibit-bibit yang bctunas normal di tanam di Bogor dan Cikampek, sedang percobaan kedua (bibit dibelah) ditanam hanya di Bogor. Kedua percobaan tersebut dirancang secara acak kelompok dengan 5 ulangan. Parameter yang digunakan untuk menilai pengaruh perlakuan adalah tinggi tanaman dan diameter batang, panjang daun dan produksi umbi pada umur 6 dan 18 bulan setelah tanam, untuk bibit utuh dan 6 bulan untuk bibit yang dibelah. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut. Dai percobaan pertama (bibit utuh) temyata ukuran bibit tidak berpengaruh terhadap persentase pertunasan maupun petumbuhan di lapang. Komponen pertumbuhan dan hasil umbi sangat dipengaruhi oleh lokasi penanaman dan ukuran bibit. Komponen pertumbuhan, kecuali diameter batang, seta produksi umbi di Bogor nyata lebih tinggi dari pada di Cikampek. Pada bibit utuh, ukuran bibit 200g menghasilkan komponen petumbuhan dan produksi umbi paling tinggi dan berbeda dengan ukuran- ukuran lainnya, makin kecil ukuran bibit makin kecil nilai komponen petumbuhan dan produksi umbi. Dai percobaan kedua (pembelahan umbi) diperoleh bahwa pembelahan umbi dai 200g sampai 25g tidak mempengaruhi pertunasan di rumah kaca maupun tanaman yang tumbuh di lapangan. Tinggi batang lebih kecil pada bclahan 25g, diameter batang pada belahan 50g dan produksi umbi pada bclahan lOOg dibanding bibit utuh 200g. Berdasarkan data tersebut, untuk memproduksi bibit secara masal, umbi dapat dibelah sampai ukuran 25g dan dalam waktu 6 bulan dapat diperoleh umbi sebcrat + 200g dan umbi ini dapat menghasilkan umbi sekitar 1 kg umbi/batang dalam waktu 6 bulan.</p><p>Kata kunci: Amorphophallus oncophyllus. ukuran bibit, produksi</p><p> </p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><strong>Effect of seed size and seed treatment on the growth and yield of Amorphophallus oncophyllus</strong></p><p>Efect of seed size and seed treatment on the growth and yield of Amorphophallus oncophyllus was studied in Bogor and Cikampek from 1993 to 1995, in two expeiments. The irst experiment studied the efect of the size of sound seed, and the second studied the efect of size and splitting seed on die growth and yield of tuber. In the first experiment the sound seed used were the true tuber with the size of 200 and lOOg and bulbil with the size of 5 and 2.5g. In the second expeiment, the tuber of 200g were splined into 2 parts (a lOOg), 4 parts (a 50g) and 8 parts (a 25g). The seeds were irstly planted in sand boxes in die glass house and evaluated for their sprouting at I -2 month ater planting. For the irst expeiment the normal sprouted seeds were planted in the ield in Bogor and Cikampek, while for the second expeiment, the normal sprouted seeds were planted in Bogor The two experiments were designed as a randomized block in 5 replicates. The parameters used for evaluating the effect of treatments were plant height, stem (pseudo-stem) diameter, leaf length and yield of tuber at 6 and 18 months ater planting for the irst and 6 months for the second expeiment. Results of the studies are summarized as follows. From the irst expeiment (sound seed) it was sevealed that seed size neither afected spronting percentage nor plant stand in the ield. The growth components and tuber yield were afected by planting location and size of seed. The growth components, except stem diameter, and tuber yield in Bogor significantly higher than those in Cikampek. From the second experiment it was shown that splitting seed rom 100 to 25g neither afected the sprouting percentage in the glass house nor plant stand in the ield. Plant height signiicantly decreased at the size of 25g, stem diameter al 50g and tuber yield at lOOg. Based on the data, for mass production of seed tuber, the tuber could be splined into 25g. Within 6 months the seed may produced a tuber of 300g and the tuber could produced 1 kg tuber within 6 months.</p><p>Key words : Amorphophallus oncophyllus. seed size, tuber yield</p>

Effects of shoot tipping on development and yield of the tuber crop Plectranthus edulis

2011 ◽  
Vol 150 (4) ◽  
pp. 484-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. TAYE ◽  
W. J. M. LOMMEN ◽  
P. C. STRUIK
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Canopy Development ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Tuber Production ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Tuber Crop ◽  
The Difference

SUMMARYPlectranthus edulis (Vatke) Agnew is one of the tuber crops of the genus Plectranthus that is widely cultivated in Africa and Asia. P. edulis produces below-ground tubers on stolons originating from the stems, comparable to the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Farmers apply several laborious cultural practices to enhance shoot growth and yield, among which shoot tipping is very common. Tipping (pinching) is the removal of the shoot apex with one or two pairs of leaves from the main stems and branches. The rationale of this practice, especially when repeated more than once during one cropping season, is not fully understood. One similar experiment with two cultivars was carried out at two locations (Awassa and Wondogenet) in Ethiopia to assess and analyse the effects of shoot tipping and its frequency on crop development and tuber production. Tipping treatments included zero tipping, tipping once, tipping twice and tipping thrice, with the first tipping taking place 68 days after planting (DAP), a stage at which most of the stems reached a height of about 0·15 m, and the remainder following at intervals of 44–46 days. Tipping stimulated stem branching; it significantly increased the number of primary, secondary and tertiary stems in both experiments. Soil cover increased with an increase in the frequency of the tipping in Awassa, because of the tipping effects on the different canopy development variables. Tipping also enhanced the soil cover in Wondogenet, but the crop did not gain any extra benefit from a third tipping. Tipping enhanced early stolon formation, but did not consistently affect the number of stolons per hole later in the growing season. The number of tubers increased with an increase in the frequency of tipping in both cultivars in Wondogenet and in one cultivar in Awassa. Tuber dry matter yield increased with an increase in the frequency of tipping at both sites. Fresh tuber yield in the final harvest at 208 DAP was c. 1·9 kg/m2. Tipping on average increased fresh tuber yield by 17% in Wondogenet, whereas the difference was not detectable in Awassa. Because senescence was delayed slightly by tipping, yield effects of tipping might be larger when harvesting later. In general, there was a positive effect of tipping on canopy development and tuber yield.

scholarly journals Growth and yield of seed potatoes after application of gibberellic acid to the tubers before planting.

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Marinus ◽  
K.B.A. Bodlaender
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Number Of Stems ◽  
Growing Conditions

The influence of GA on growth and yield of potato seed tubers (size 28-45 mm) was studied in field experiments on sandy soil in the late cv. Alpha. Different GA conc. were applied to seed tubers with or without sprouts by both dipping and spraying. The main purpose was to find a more suitable method of preparing seed tubers than the laborious presprouting in light method. This other method would allow mechanical planting, should not be laborious and should give a high yield of seed tubers. The application of GA accelerated emergence. GA also significantly increased the yield of the seed tuber fraction, probably by increasing the number of stems and thus the number of tubers/plant. GA accelerated tuberization, decreased the total tuber yields in one experiment, whereas in the other experiment an increase occurred. The best results were obtained if sprouted tubers were treated and under favourable growing conditions. Spraying was equally effective as dipping also in the 'spraying just before planting' treatment after heat shock. This means that application during mechanical planting seems to be possible, on the understanding that the GA conc. is not too high to prevent the occurrence of phytotoxic effects (45 mg GA/l caused small leaflets with yellow discolouration). The application of GA to seed tubers seems to be attractive especially in slowly emerging cv. or in cv. with a high proportion of large tubers. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

An evaluation of small seed for ware-potato production

1992 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Allen ◽  
P. J. O'Brien ◽  
D. Firman
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Small Seed ◽  
Seed Crops

SUMMARYSixteen experiments over six seasons (1981–87) compared the growth and yield of up to 16 seed-tuber weights, ranging from 1–5 to 110–120 g, in one second-early and four maincrop varieties. Four of the experiments (1986–87) examined effects in seed tubers from seed crops planted in July; the remaining experiments used seed from crops planted at the normal time, April–May. Effects were similar for seed from the different planting dates. Plants from seed < 5 g (and occasionally up to 15 g) emerged slightly later and produced a smaller crop canopy that those from larger seed. The later emergence from the smallest seed was a consequence of a slower rate of sprout elongation. There were no effects of seed weight above 15 g on stem emergence or growth of the canopy. In 1982, a severe frost completely defoliated all plants in four experiments but within 2 weeks complete plant emergence was re-achieved from all seed weights except the smallest (1–5 g). The results suggest few differences between seed weights > 5 or 10 g in emergence from similar depths of planting or in recovery from frost damage.Tuber yields were little affected by seed weight > 5 or 10 g, even at constant within-row spacings. Consequently, seed rates from 0·59 to 5·4 t/ha produced similar yields and the results suggest considerable economic benefits and potential for using seed tubers of much smaller weight than may be sold under current legislation. The use of small seed tubers from late-planted crops may result in further economies in production costs and reduction in disease in seed tubers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document