N.Ya. Danilevsky’s Participation in M.N. Katkov’s Periodicals in 1880s

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
Elena V. Perevalova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
The Third ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
The Common

The article analyzes the participation of N.Ya. Danilevsky in the periodicals of the authoritative conservative publicist of the 1860–1880s M.N. Katkov – “Russian Vestnik” magazine and “Moscow Vedomosti” journal. The author identifies the reasons that brought together the thinker and the editors of influential conservative periodicals and analyzes the common views of Danilevsky and Katkov on a number of important issues of Russian domestic and foreign policy. Special attention is paid to the “Slavic question”, which was differently interpreted by Danilevsky and the writers of the Katkov’s circle, however that did not prevent the thinker to participate in those periodicals in the 1880s. The author of the article attempts to determine the role of the fragments of the third, unfinished part of Danilevsky’s work “Darwinism” published after his death in the «Russian Vestnik», in the polemics over the teachings of Charles Darwin that went on in Katkov's periodicals and the liberal democratic press in the 1880s.

scholarly journals Fest and revolt In Alboroto y Motín de Indios de México / Fiesta y revuelta en Alboroto y Motín de indios de México

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-56
Author(s):  
Leonor Taiano
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
New Spain ◽  
Active Role ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Collective Consciousness ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
The Third ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Common

Este estudio examina la manera cómo Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora describe el binomio fiesta-revuelta en Alboroto y motín de indios de México. La investigación está estructurada en cinco partes. La primera toma como punto de partida el concepto de polis y los órdenes que rigen el bien común. La segunda alude a la percepción del fasto desde las diferentes perspectivas de los miembros de la polis novohispana. La tercera parte analiza la importancia del letrado en la organización virreinal. En la cuarta parte se examina el papel activo de las indias en la organización y desarrollo de la revuelta. Finalmente, en la quinta parte, propongo la existencia de una conciencia colectiva plebeya en el virreinato de Nueva España. A través de este análisis se llega a conclusión de que el motín de 1692 presenta las características propias de las revueltas que tuvieron lugar en los territorios españoles a lo largo del siglo XVII, en los cuales, durante el momento festivo, surgía una acción contestataria que trataba de imponer la isonomía en la polis This research analyses how Carlos de Sigüenza and Góngora describes the dichotomy of festivity-revolt in Alboroto y motín de Indios de México. This study is structured in five parts. The first one takes as its starting point the concept of polis and the regulations for the common good. The second one alludes to the Spanish splendor produced in the different members of Novohispanic polis. The third part analyses the letrado’s function within the viceregal organization. The fourth part examines the active role of Female Indigenous in the revolt’s organization and development. Finally, in the fifth part, I propose the existence of a Plebeian collective consciousness within the viceroyalty of New Spain. Through this analysis, the study concludes that the revolt that took place In 1692 has all the characteristics of the revolts that happened in the Spanish territories throughout the 17th century, in which, during a celebratory event, there could arise insurrectionary actions to impose the isonomia in the polis.

appealed to the Queen on being besieged by the wild sense, especially in the concluding cantos, of leaving Irish (see Vi4.1n). In reading this ‘darke conceit’, an iron world to enter a golden one. But do these no one could have failed to recognize these allusions. ways lead to an end that triumphantly concludes the The second point is that Spenser’s fiction, when 1596 poem, or to an impasse of the poet’s imaginat-compared to historical fact, is far too economical ive powers? For some readers, Book VI relates to the with the truth: for example, England’s intervention earlier books as Shakespeare’s final romances relate in the Netherlands under Leicester is, as A.B. Gough to his earlier plays, a crowning and fulfilment, ‘a 1921:289 concludes, ‘entirely misrepresented’. It summing up and conclusion for the entire poem and would seem that historical events are treated from for Spenser’s poetic career’ (N. Frye 1963:70; cf. a perspective that is ‘far from univocally celebratory Tonkin 1972:11). For others, Spenser’s exclamation or optimistic’, as Gregory 2000:366 argues, or in of wonder on cataloguing the names of the waters what Sidney calls their ‘universal consideration’, i.e. that attend the marriage of the Thames and the what is imminent in them, namely, their apocalyptic Medway, ‘O what an endlesse worke haue I in hand, import, as Borris 1991:11–61 argues. The third | To count the seas abundant progeny’ (IV xii point, which is properly disturbing to many readers 1.1–2), indicates that the poem, like such sixteenth-in our most slaughterous age, especially since the century romances as Amadis of Gaul, could now go matter is still part of our imaginative experience as on for ever, at least until it used up all possible virtues Healy 1992:104–09 testifies, is that Talus’s slaughter and the poet’s life. As Nohrnberg 1976:656 aptly of Irena’s subjects is rendered too brutally real in notes, ‘we find ourselves experiencing not the allegorizing, and apparently justifying, Grey’s atrocit-romance of faith or chastity, but the romance of ies in subduing Irish rebels (see V xii 26–27n). Here romance itself ’. For still others, there is a decline: Spenser is a product of his age, as was the Speaker ‘the darkening of Spenser’s spirit’ is a motif in many of the House of Commons in 1580 in reporting studies of the book, agreeing with Lewis 1936:353 the massacre of Spanish soldiers at Smerwick: ‘The that ‘the poem begins with its loftiest and most Italians pulled out by the ears at Smirwick in solemn book and thence, after a gradual descent, Ireland, and cut to pieces by the notable Service of a sinks away into its loosest and most idyllic’; and with noble Captain and Valiant Souldiers’ (D’Ewes Neuse 1968:331 that ‘the dominant sense of Book 1682:286). As this historical matter relates to Book V, VI is one of disillusionment, of the disparity between it displays the slaughter that necessarily attends the the poet’s ideals and the reality he envisions’; or that triumph of justice, illustrating the truth of the common the return to pastoral signals the failure of chivalry in adage, summum ius, summa iniuria, even as Guyon’s Book V to achieve reform (see DeNeef 1982b). destruction of the Bower shows the triumph of tem-Certainly canto x provides the strong sense of an perance. This is justice; or, at best, what justice has ending. As I have suggested, ‘it is as difficult not to become, and what its executive power displayed in see the poet intruding himself into the poem, as it is that rottweiler, Talus, has become, in our worse than not to see Shakespeare in the role of Prospero with ‘stonie’ age as the world moves towards its ‘last the breaking of the pipe, the dissolving of the vision, ruinous decay’ (proem 2.2, 6.9). In doing so, Book and our awareness (but surely the poet’s too) that his V confirms the claim by Thrasymachus in Plato’s work is being rounded out’ (1961a:202). Republic: justice is the name given by those in power Defined as ‘doing gentle deedes with franke to keep their power. It is the one virtue in the poem delight’ (vii 1.2), courtesy is an encompassing virtue that cannot be exercised by itself but within the book in a poem that sets out to ‘sing of Knights and Ladies must be over-ruled by equity, circumvented by mercy, gentle deeds’ (I proem 1.5). As such, its flowering and, in the succeeding book, countered by courtesy. would fully ‘fashion a gentleman or noble person in vertuous and gentle discipline’ (Letter to Raleigh 8). Courtesy: Book VI

2014 ◽  
pp. 36-36
Keyword(s):  
Strong Sense ◽  
Executive Power ◽  
House Of Commons ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Historical Fact ◽  
The Common ◽  
The One

Melancholy, Hanuš Jelínek and Miloš Marten

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Jana Kantoříková
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Politics ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
French Literature ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Paul Claudel ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common

The aim of this article is to present the roles of Miloš Marten (1883–1917) in the Czech–French cultural events of the first decade of the 20th century in the background of his contacts with Hanuš Jelínek (1878–1944). The first part of the article deals with Marten’s artistic and life experience during his stays in Paris (1907–1908). The consequences of those two stays to the artist’s life and work will be accentuated. The second part takes a close look at Miloš Marten’s critique of Hanuš Jelínek’s doctoral thesis Melancholics. Studies from the History of Sensibility in French Literature. To interpretate Marten’s reasons for such a negative criticism is our main pursued objective. Such criticism results not only from the rivality between Czech critics oriented to France, but also from different conceptions of the role of critical method and the role of the critic and the artist in the international cultural politics. The third part concludes with the critics’ „reconciliation‟ around 1913 by means of the common interest in the work and personality of Paul Claudel.

Reviews: La Politique de la Solitude: Essai Sur la Philosophie Politique de J.-J. Rousseau, Rousseau and Nationalism, The Concept of Justice, Staat Und Souveränität, Band 1: Die Grundlagen, Representation, Equality, Governing without Consensus; An Irish Perspective, Ulster; A Case Study in Conflict Theory, Parliament and Congress, Administrative Theory and Public Administration, Management in Government, Studies in The Growth of Nineteenth-Century Government, The Price of Amenity: Five Studies in Conservation and Government, State Enterprise: Business or Politics?, Politics, Finance and the Role of Economics: An Essay on the Control of Public Enterprise, Bureaucracy and Representative Government, Le Pouvoir Et Les Groupes de Pression: Etude de la Structure Politique Du Capitalisme, Comparative Communist Politics, Studies in Opposition, Latin American Legislatures: Their Role and Influence, Israel's Parliament: The Law of the Knesset, The Nigerian Army, The Nigerian Military, Ibo Politics. The Role of Ethnic Unions in Eastern Nigeria, Nigeria: Crisis and Beyond, The Road to Aba, The Structure of Canadian Government, The Government of Canada, Four African Political Systems, The German Dictatorship, A Social History of the Third Reich, A History of the People's Democracies, Eastern Europe since Stalin, The Czechoslovak Reform Movement, Das Regierungssystem Der Schweiz, Reapportionment in the 1970s, Peasant Wars of the Twentieth Century, National Liberation: Revolution in the Third World, Theory and Practice of Modern Guerrilla Warfare, Robert Owen: Prophet of the Poor. Essays in Honour of the Two Hundredth Anniversary of His Birth, Gandhi, Selected Writings of Mahatma Gandhi, The Age of Lloyd George, The Case of Walter Bagehot, The Long Retreat: A Short History of British Defence Policy 1945–1970, Foreign Policy and the Political Process, toward a Politics of the Planet Earth, The Foreign Policy System of Israel, The Conduct of Soviet Foreign Policy, the Administration of American Foreign Policy, Making Peace, the Search for Peace, Alliance in International Politics, International Co-Operation Today

1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-381
Author(s):  
David R. Cameron ◽  
M. H. Lessnoff ◽  
D. F. S. Scott ◽  
Dennis Kavanagh ◽  
Basil Chubb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Public Enterprise ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals The Role of (Christian) Spirituality in the Economy in the Light of Laudato si'

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Platovnjak
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
New Economy ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Christian Spirituality ◽  
Economic Crises ◽  
Pope Francis ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Common

The global economic crises at the beginning of the third millennium revealed the harmful consequences for the whole of society and the environment that the myth of the “deified” economy brings. Many researchers have been encouraged to begin exploring the causes of crises intensively. The author thinks that it is more important to look for ways to implement the economy in a way that serves the common good and a common home. The path to renewal of the economy the author sees described primarily in the direction that Pope Francis presented in the Laudato si'. Therefore, he puts forward the thesis that in the light of Laudato si' (Christian) spirituality plays an important role in the economy. To confirm the thesis, the author briefly defines economics and spirituality. Then follows a presentation of fundamental orientations based on the analysis in Laudato si' that could enable economic recovery. In the end, the author describes how a renewed Christian spirituality and dialogue can help individuals and communities make basic guidelines for a new economy.

scholarly journals The Limited Role of the Japanese Military: The 2003 Iraq War and the War on the Islamic State

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Mieczysław P. Boduszyński ◽  
Christopher K. Lamont ◽  
Philip Streich
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Defensive Realism

What determines Japan's willingness to flex its limited military muscle abroad? While analysts and scholars closely watched Japanese "militarization" under Prime Minister Shinzo Abe (2012-2020), Japan had already deployed its military overseas over a decade ago in support of U.S. operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. By contrast, in 2014, Japan was unwilling to support U.S.-led operations against the Islamic State (ISIL) in Iraq and Syria. This presents a puzzle, as the fight against ISIL offered the kind of international legitimacy that the 2003 Iraq invasion lacked, and Japan traditionally seeks. Moreover, ISIL had killed Japanese citizens. This paper explains Japan's varying policies in Iraq in 2003 and 2014, thereby shedding light on the determinants of Japanese national security policy more generally. Our argument focuses on domestic political factors (especially the pluralist foreign policymaking) and strategic thinking rooted in realism. We argue that Japanese policies are driven by domestic politics, profound suspicions about the utility of military force and fears of becoming entangled in a seemingly never-ending conflict. While Koizumi may have had more room to manoeuvre despite long-standing public opposition to overseas military deployments when he dispatched the SDF to Iraq in 2003, it is precisely such deeply-entrenched popular anathema that many blame for the Liberal Democratic Party's (LDP) historic and devastating loss in the 2009 election. Abe was unwilling to repeat such a risky venture in 2014. We also highlight the role of realist calculations on both Japanese elites and the public, who by 2014 had come to see China rather than state or non-state actors in the Middle East as a primary security threat. We thus confirm Midford's finding that "defensive realism" tends to drive Japanese foreign policy thinking. Japanese citizens are not pacifists, as conventional wisdom might hold. Instead, Japanese public opinion supports the use of minimum military force when and if Japan is attacked to defend Japan's national sovereignty and territory but is much more suspicious of such power when it comes to deployments and the pursuit of other foreign policy goals.

Celebrating Darwin’s Errors

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Allchin
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
General Principle ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Genetic Recombination ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Common View ◽  
The Common

Charles Darwin was truly amazing. In 1859 he introduced a robust understanding of descent with modification by means of natural selection. His concepts would help unify taxonomy, biogeography, comparative anatomy, heredity, functional analysis of form, embryology, paleontology, population dynamics, and ecology, and even human moral behavior. Darwin showed how to explain organic “design” as well as the limitations of contingent history, adaptive structures as well as vestigial ones. Every lesson in biology, properly framed, expresses and celebrates Darwin’s achievement. How, then, might one mark so august an occasion as his two hundredth birthday (also the sesquicentennial year of his premier work, the Origin of Species)? Many will no doubt parade Darwin’s many triumphs. But allow me to take exception to the common view (another sacred bovine?) that science is best reflected only by its successful theories. If science is fundamentally about discovery, then its “failures” or errors along the way may be just as important as the ultimately reliable insights. I wish to celebrate science as a process. Here, then, I acknowledge Darwin’s mistakes and show how understanding them gives us a deeper understanding both of Darwin and of science more generally. My tribute is to forgo the mythologized legend and appreciate so remarkable a scientist as Darwin in familiarly human terms. First, one may note that Darwin’s errors generate interest largely because of his many achievements. His credentials are unimpeachable. If he made mistakes, it was not for want of scientific ability. One cannot rudely dismiss his errors as due to ineptitude. Indeed, Darwin’s contributions are wider and their theoretical coherence deeper than popularly known. He produced four volumes on the taxonomy of barnacles, demonstrating his skills in detailed observation and analysis of evolutionary classification. In his first work after the Origin, he showed the importance of orchid form in promoting outcrossing through pollination, thereby contributing to an understanding of the role of sex and genetic recombination in evolution. Later, he explained heterostyly—the occurrence of flowers with styles of different lengths—as illustrating the same general principle (see essay 16).

Šillers, Gēte un Rainis par spēli: kultūrfilozofiski NAIVĀ un SENTIMENTĀLĀ izpratnes krustpunkti

2020 ◽  
pp. 336-361
Author(s):  
Olga Senkāne
Keyword(s):  
Friedrich Schiller ◽  
Play Theory ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cultural Philosophy ◽  
Aesthetic Field ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Missing Element ◽  
The Ideal

The study attempts to find the common in the cultural philosophy of Friedrich Schiller (1759–1805) and Johann Wolfgang Goethe (1749–1832) and to discover the role of Schiller’s play theory in the formation of Goethe’s tragedy “Faust” in order to clarify subsequently the possible inspiration of Latvian writer Rainis (1865–1929), the first renderer of “Faust” in Latvian, from Schiller through Goethe’s text. The cultural philosophy of Schiller and Goethe is based on the idea of the sick and healthy culture or its cultural and pre-cultural state. The ideal of a healthy culture stems from the achievement of a former pre-cultural state: to synchronize the incompatible, usually separated in time, functioning one by one sense and rational passions with the third passion – the play. In ancient art, the observed balance of passions is permanently lost; one can only aspire to it perpetually and yearn morally. The endless struggle is always represented by the aesthetic play or balancing product – semblance, a characteristic feature of a cultural state, an interplay between reality and truth, nature and thinking. The aesthetic play, creation of individual forms, is the only path to human perfection – the general form (concept and law) because it respects and reconciles the two basic passions. Semblance or art confirms a person’s desire to return to the balance of passions and regain lost perfection. The type of culture can be determined depending on the attitude towards polar passions and the success or failure of a balance between them. Semblance or art offers solutions for finding the essence of a human being and renders it in two ways: 1) selects common forms (concepts) and reveals them with original content (Goethe and Rainis); 2) chooses original shapes (ideas, ideals) and discovers them with recognizable content (Schiller). Images by Goethe and Rainis are characterized by symptoms of lack. To recover the missing element, you have to return to the balance. The direction and sequence of the balancing movement are pointed out by Goethe and Rainis according to Schiller’s vision: nature is at the back, idea – in the front, but between them is the play. The indicator of success or failure of balancing is the followers or descendants. As long as the artist suppresses some of the passions or is satisfied with one at a time, then another, he does not enter the aesthetic field of the play, his perfection does not manifest itself and no one follows him. Faust’s pursuit of perfection is difficult because he is in the power of sensuality and will; he must go a long way of delusion to get into the field of play. Therefore, in the finale of the tragedy, when he finally activates his dormant will, he can only imagine the desirable but he cannot implement it. He marks the shape in the semblance but leaves it without matter. Also, Tots, an image created by Rainis, gets into the field of play (however with the help of others) and finds the willpower within himself, activates it, but is unable to create anything. In the text of Goethe and Rainis, willpower collides with time and freedom clashes with necessity. To return and align passions is only possible in the imagination which is the key to the artist’s immortality.

The Legitimizing Role of Political Parties: the Second Austrian Republic

1969 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Pulzer
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Third World ◽  
Party System ◽  
Democratic Institutions ◽  
Colonial Power ◽  
The Third ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
Capitol Hill ◽  
The Third World

CAN PARLIAMENTARY INSTITUTIONS THRIVE IN COUNTRIES WITH little or no tradition in the habits of self-government? Is multiparty competition viable in states where compromise is not accepted as a political virtue? The questions are familiar and are asked whenever the advisability of exporting the Westminster model (or the Capitol Hill or Palais Bourbon model) is raised.The proposition to be examined is that a parliamentary and party system was transplanted into an initially unfavourable environment and eventually acclimatized itself. The ecological difficulties are familiar; indeed, they form the substance of the debate about the export of systems. In the Third World, at the point of decolonization it involves the former colonial power bequeathing liberal-democratic institutions as a device for legitimizing the new native regime.

Deterrence Theory Revisited

1979 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Jervis
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
American Foreign Policy ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Deterrence Theory ◽  
The Third

Because of its parsimony and power, deterrence theory is the most important American theory of international relations. Yet it has many faults. The boundaries outside of which it does not apply are not clear; it does not tell how a state can change an adversary's motives; it does not deal with the use of rewards. Current scholarship of the third wave of deterrence theory, including George and Smoke'sDeterrence in American Foreign Policy, has increased our knowledge by providing empirical evidence on when and how deterrence fails. Examination of the details of decision making reveals the ways in which attempts to deter can go wrong. Recent work stresses the role of each side's intrinsic interest in an issue, and argues that earlier formulations of the theory exaggerated the importance of commitment. The third wave also introduces a larger political element by focusing attention on states' goals and the context of their behavior.

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