scholarly journals PERAN VARIABEL PERILAKU BELAJAR INOVATIF, INTENSITAS KERJASAMA KELOMPOK, KEBERSAMAAN VISI DAN RASA SALING PERCAYA DALAM MEMBENTUK KUALITAS SINERGI

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-237
Author(s):  
Siti Sulasmi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Work Group ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Quality Development ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
Learning Behavior ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Primary Drive ◽  
Innovative Learning

This paper is an elaborated work on Sulasmi's research (2003) in the oil refinery company, North Sumatera and Liquidified Natural Gas in East Kalimantan, consisting of 100 workgroup in which there are 50 sub-work group.. The research identified the behavior of effective workgroup developing synergetic quality.The result is identified that innovative learning behavior and workgroup intensity contribute to synergetic quality development. The innovative learning behavior dominated the power generating synergetic quality, nevertheless the workgroup intensity is also significantly determined. Furthermore,  elaboration is found that the variables of innovative learning behavior and workgroup intensity significantly affected synergetic quality;  but if they are accompanied by mutual trust which  has the greatest influence, it sets the influential power of innovative learning behavior and workgroup intensity aside. It was found that mutual trust is the primary drive of synergetic quality.

scholarly journals PERAN VARIABEL PERILAKU BELAJAR INOVATIF, INTENSITAS KERJASAMA KELOMPOK, KEBERSAMAAN VISI DAN RASA SALING PERCAYA DALAM MEMBENTUK KUALITAS SINERGI

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Siti Sulasmi
Keyword(s):  
Work Group ◽  
Shared Vision ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
Learning Behavior ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Primary Drive ◽  
Innovative Learning ◽  
Group Members

This paper is an elaborated work on Sulasmi's research (2003) in the oil refinery company, North Sumatera and Liquidified Natural Gas in East Kalimantan, consisting of 100 workgroup in which there are 50 sub-work group in each group. The research identified the behavior of effective workgroup developing synergetic quality.The result identified is that innovative learning behavior and workgroup intensity contribute to synergetic quality development. The result occurred in the two companies observed. The innovative learning behavior dominated the power generating synergetic quality, nevertheless the workgroup intensity is also significantly determined. Furthermore,  elaboration is found that although the variables of innovative learning behavior and workgroup intensity significantly affected synergetic quality, but if they are accompanied by mutual trust which  has the greatest influence, consequently it sets the influential power of innovative learning behavior and workgroup intensity aside. From this further study, it was found that mutual trust is the primary drive of synergetic quality.The shared vision is able to support synergetic quality, especially when the shared vision also succeeds to create mutual trust among the group members. Due to the strong role of the mutual trust, and the shared vision also influences to form mutual trust relationship, therefore it needs further research to find out  the source of mutual trust and how to create the shared vision.

scholarly journals The contribution of forest remnants within industrial area to threatened mammal conservation: A case study in liquefied natural gas industry in Bontang, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
SUDRAJAT ◽  
MINTORO DWI PUTRO
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Natural Gas Industry ◽  
Mammal Conservation

Abstract. Sudrajat, Putro MD. 2019. The contribution of forest remnants within industrial area to endemic and threatened mammal conservation: A case study in liquefied natural gas industry in Bontang, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2257-2265. Tropical forests harbor high biodiversity, while natural protected area is one of the approaches for biodiversity conservation. However, the conversion of natural forests for various purposes has caused forest fragmentation. A novel strategy of conservation is proposed in the form of protected area within industrial estate as the contribution of industrial company in biodiversity conservation. The purpose of this study is to document the endemic and threatened species of mammals existing at two forest fragments with extent of 15 ha and 7.4 ha in a natural gas refinery industry area in Bontang, East Kalimantan and their potential as biodiversity conservation areas. Mammals were monitored at the two forest fragments through direct surveys, trace identification, mist nets, and camera traps. The results of the study show that according to IUCN Red List there were 23 mammal species (belonging to 18 genera, 15 families and six orders) of conservation concern found within the forest fragments including one species is under Critically Endangered, two are Endangered, four are Vulnerable, ten are Least Concern, one is Near Threatened and three are Not Evaluated. Four of those species are considered as endemic, namely Bornean orangutan, Pongo pygmaeus morio, Müller’s gibbon, Hylobates muelleri, Proboscis monkey, Nasalis larvatus and East Bornean slow loris, Nycticebus menagensis. These findings suggest that forest fragments located in the environment of industrial estate can be considered as important conservation strategy if they are well preserved and maintained.

Kuwait energy sector expansion will hit obstacles

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Crude Oil Production

Subject Prospects for Kuwait's energy sector expansion Significance Despite falling revenue because of the slump in global oil prices Kuwait is embarking on two ambitious energy ventures: constructing what will be the region's largest new oil refinery and increasing crude oil production capacity by more than 1 million barrels per day (b/d) by 2020. Impacts Increased oil output capacity will bolster Kuwait' s effort to retain market share in an over-supplied global market. Kuwait is emulating Saudi Arabia in integrating its refining and petrochemical sectors, though diversification will lag. Kuwait will incur Saudi displeasure by developing closer ties with post-sanctions Iran, a possible supplier of new natural gas supplies.

Oil and Gas Storage Tank Risk Analysis

2014 ◽  
pp. 303-321
Author(s):  
Katarina Simon
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Storage ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Gaseous State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Salt Caverns

Storage tanks are widely used in the oil refinery and petrochemical industry in storing a multitude of different products ranging from gases, liquids, solids, and mixtures. Design and safety concerns have become a priority due to tank failures causing environment pollution as well as fires and explosions, which can result in injuries and fatalities. The chapter illustrates different types of crude oil and oil product storage tanks as well as the risks regarding the storage itself. Considering that the natural gas, in its gaseous state, is stored in underground storages like oil and gas depleted reservoirs, aquifers or salt caverns, and there are numerous publications and books covering the subject in detail, this chapter only illustrates the storage of liquefied natural gas and the risks posed by its storage.

Oil and Gas Storage Tank Risk Analysis

2015 ◽  
pp. 128-142
Author(s):  
Katarina Simon
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Storage ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Gaseous State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Salt Caverns

Storage tanks are widely used in the oil refinery and petrochemical industry in storing a multitude of different products ranging from gases, liquids, solids, and mixtures. Design and safety concerns have become a priority due to tank failures causing environment pollution as well as fires and explosions, which can result in injuries and fatalities. The chapter illustrates different types of crude oil and oil product storage tanks as well as the risks regarding the storage itself. Considering that the natural gas, in its gaseous state, is stored in underground storages like oil and gas depleted reservoirs, aquifers or salt caverns, and there are numerous publications and books covering the subject in detail, this chapter only illustrates the storage of liquefied natural gas and the risks posed by its storage.

Advanced Exergy Analysis Based on the Parametric Study of the Regasification of LNG Integrated Into an Air Separation Process

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tesch ◽  
T. Morosuk ◽  
G. Tsatsaronis
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Parametric Study ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Gas Market

The growing demand for natural gas leads to an increasing LNG market. The amount of traded LNG has more than doubled during the last decade. This trend is intensified by the rising number of liquefaction plants (export terminals) and regasification plants (import terminals). At the end of the year 2013 there were 86 liquefaction plants in 17 exporting countries and 104 import terminals in 29 importing countries. Also the number of floating regasification plants is growing. It is expected that the LNG market will grow with 7 % per year until 2020. In comparison, the market for gaseous natural gas only will increase with approxematly 1.8 % per year. The difference could be led back to the several advantages, when using LNG. Thus LNG enables the extraction of natural gas in offsite areas and leads to a flexible gas market. Especially with improving the efficiency of each part of the LNG chain — liquefaction, transportation, storage and regasification — and its fallen prices the LNG market will continue to grow. For the regasification of LNG different processes have been used, while mainly the vaporization via direct or indirect heating is applied. Due to their location at the coast of the importing country, seawater, air or the combustion gases coming from natural gas are used as thermal energy. A further possibility is the combination of regasification of LNG with generating electricity. Additionally, the regasification of LNG could be integrated into chemical processes (oil refinery and petrochemical plants), where low temperature refrigeration is required. The authors have already reported a concept for the integration of the regasification of LNG into an air separation and liquefactions process, i.e. into a cryogenic processes. In previous publications, an evaluation of the conventional air separation unit in combination with the LNG regasification has been reported. It was emphasized that the integration of LNG leads to a lower power consumption for the entire system. This paper deals with an improved concept for integrating the regasification of LNG into an air separation process. Due to structural changes, comparing the first design and the new design, the system can be further improved from the thermodynamic point of view. The aim of this paper is to discover the potential for improvement by the parametric study. The results obtained from the sensitivity analysis (energetic and exergetic) are reported as well as the results obtained from the advanced exergetic analysis. Some options for new designs of this system are be developed.

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