scholarly journals Pengaruh Politik Domestik terhadap Dinamika Bantuan Luar Negeri Chile

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Muhaimin Zulhair Achsin ◽  
Eveline Sisilia
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Official Development Assistance ◽  
Major Obstacle ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The Military

One of the most significant changes in foreign aid issues has been the emerging of several non-tradional donors as providers of foreign aid. One of these new emerging donor countries is Chile, the top five economies (GDP) in Latin America, one of the two of OECD Latin America members, and one of upper-middle income countries. Chile government started designing the foreign aid agency in 1990 through AGCI (The Chilean International Co-operation Agency), in a democracy transition era from Pinochet to Aylwin. This research attempts to analyze how Chile domestic political factors influence changes in the dynamics of Chile’s ODA (Official Development Assistance), from aid-recipient to aid-provider. By using a theory from Lancester, the results are the domestic political factors namely ideas, institutions, interests (interest groups), and organizations influence the dynamic of Chile’s foreign aid. However, the major obstacle in early phase of developing the agendas was coming from the military.

scholarly journals Foreign aid on economic growth in Africa: A comparison of low and middle-income countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aye Mengistu Alemu ◽  
Jin-Sang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Theoretical Hypothesis

Previous empirical studies on the effects of foreign aid on economic growth have generated mixed results that make it difficult to draw policy recommendations. The main reason for such mixed results is the choice of a single aggregate list of countries, regardless of the disparities in levels of development. This study therefore fills the development gap by disaggregating the African data into a panel of 20 middle- income and 19 low- income African countries over a period of 15 years between 1995 and 2010, and employing a dynamic generalized method of moments (GMM) model to address the dynamic nature of economic growth as well as the problems of endogeneity. The results of this study support the theoretical hypothesis that a positive relationship between aid and GDP growth exists, but only for low-income African countries, not middle-income ones. On the other hand, the study reveals that middle- income African countries tend to experience a greater impact on their economic growth from foreign direct investment (FDI) and natural resources revenues, mainly oil exports. This implies that the frequent criticism that foreign aid has not contributed to economic growth is flawed, at least in the case of low-income African countries. In fact, foreign aid has played a critical role in stimulating economic growth in such countries through supplementing domestic sources of finance such as savings, thus increasing the amount of investment and capital stock in them.

scholarly journals Varicella healthcare resource utilization in middle income countries: a pooled analysis of the multi-country MARVEL study in Latin America & Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 932-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara J. Wolfson ◽  
Maria Esther Castillo ◽  
Norberto Giglio ◽  
Zsofia Meszner ◽  
Zsuzsanna Molnar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Healthcare Resource ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Resource Utilization ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries

Foreign aid and government expansion: Evidence from low and middle income countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-33
Author(s):  
Olalekan Bashir Aworinde ◽  
Adegbemi Babatunde Onakoya
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Centripetal Politics and Institution Building in Exiting the Middle-Income Trap

2020 ◽  
pp. 94-116
Author(s):  
Richard Doner ◽  
Ross Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Technical Education ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Coalition Building ◽  
Institution Building ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Middle Income Trap ◽  
Education In Turkey ◽  
Quality Infrastructure

The policies and institution building needed to overcome the middle-income trap are costly, lengthy, and difficult. At the same time, major social groups in many middle-income countries are fragmented—especially in terms of business and labor—impeding and complicating coalition building. This chapter looks first at these disarticulation politics and how they affect outcomes such as low taxation, and then turns to some exceptional cases of centripetal politics and coalition building in quality infrastructure (testing and research centers) in Asia and vocational and technical education in Turkey and Latin America.

scholarly journals Applying the RE-AIM conceptual framework for the promotion of physical activity in low- and middle-income countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca E. Lee ◽  
Karla I. Galavíz ◽  
Erica G. Soltero ◽  
Jose Rosales Chavez ◽  
Edtna Jauregui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Intuitive Appeal ◽  
Health Care Practitioners ◽  
Promotion Of Physical Activity ◽  
Internal And External Validity

ABSTRACT Objective: the RE-AIM framework has been widely used to evaluate internal and external validity of interventions aimed to promote physical activity, helping to provide comprehensive evaluation of the reach, efficacy, adoption, implementation and maintenance of research and programming. Despite this progress, the RE-AIM framework has not been used widely in Latin America. The purpose of this manuscript is to describe the RE-AIM framework, the process and materials developed for a one-day workshop in Guadalajara, and the acceptability and satisfaction of participants that attended the workshop. Methods: lecture, interactive examples and an agenda were developed for a one-day RE-AIM workshop over a three month period. Results: thirty two health care practitioners (M age = 30.6, SD=9.9 years) attended the workshop. Most (100%) rated the workshop as credible, useful (100%) and intended to apply it in current or future research (95%). Conclusion: results suggest intuitive appeal of the RE-AIM framework, and provide a strategy for introducing the utility and practical application of the framework in practice settings in Mexico and Latin America.

scholarly journals AGING IN LATIN AMERICA: A FOCUS ON MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S787-S788
Author(s):  
Catherine Garcia ◽  
Maria P Aranda
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
National Quality ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Health And Well Being

Abstract Population aging is occurring rapidly across Latin America, a region that includes some of the world’s most racially, ethnically, and culturally diverse populations. Aging in this region is occurring in a context of high levels of poverty and income inequality, which has implications for disease risk, cognitive health, and overall well-being. This symposium focuses on Mexico and Colombia, two of Latin America’s largest middle-income countries, which have recently undergone rapid epidemiological and demographic transitions. The papers in this symposium examine a variety of health dimensions among older Latinos that include physiological functioning, cognition, and psychological and physical well-being. García uses the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS) and the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to examine biomarkers known to predict health risk among Mexican-origin populations: Mexico-born living in Mexico, Mexico-born living in the U.S., and U.S.-born Mexican-Americans. Saenz examines the importance of education on late-life cognitive ability among Mexicans using data from the MHAS Cognitive Aging Ancillary Study. Using data from the Colombian Survey of Health, Well-Being, and Aging (SABE-Colombia), Ailshire examines variation in biological risk across key subgroups of the population. Osuna uses data from the Colombian National Quality of Life Survey (ENCV) to determine if social and economic inequalities are reflected in unequal health and well-being among older adults. Results highlight which Latin American populations have increased risk for poorer health, which merit further research and policy attention. The findings highlight the importance of understanding health and well-being in the rapidly growing older adult populations of Latin America.

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