scholarly journals 態度、原則與方法：儒家對後人類未來監管可能的貢獻

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-158
Author(s):  
Xinli PAN
Keyword(s):  
Human Enhancement ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Enhancement Technology

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English. Human beings are facing problems entailed by the development and application of human enhancement technology. Confucianism and transhumanism respond to these problems in fundamentally different ways. Confucianism calls for a “careful attitude”, makes use of an “adaptable method”, and bases on the principle that technology is a tool for human continuity and development. Such an attitude, principle and method may represent the contribution of Confucianism to our supervision of Posthuman future.

Redefining the Boundaries of Humanity and the Human Body

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Galván ◽  
Rocci Luppicini
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Human Enhancement ◽  
Ethical Question ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Species ◽  
Technological Society ◽  
Technical Ability ◽  
Enhancement Technologies

What are the boundaries of humanity and the human body within our evolving technological society? Within the field of technoethics, inquiry into the origins of the species is both a biological and ethical question as scholars attempt to grapple with conflicting views of what it means to be human and what attributes are core to human beings within the era of human enhancement technologies. Based on a historical and conceptual analysis, this chapter uses a technoethical lens to discuss defining characteristics of the human species as homo technicus. Under this framework, both symbolic capacity and technical ability are assumed to be grounded within the free and ethical nature of human beings. Ideas derived from Modernity and Postmodernity are drawn upon to provide a more encompassing view of humans that accommodates both its technical and ethical dimensions as homo technicus.

scholarly journals 儒家為什麼反對超人類主義？

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-162
Author(s):  
Qianqian YANG
Keyword(s):  
Human Enhancement ◽  
Confucian Ethics ◽  
Reasonable Expectation ◽  
Enhancement Technology ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
Heaven And Man

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English. The concept of human enhancement is a key to understanding transhumanism. According to Confucian ethics, the supervision of human enhancement technology is vital because we are facing the reasonable expectation of achieving “the unity of heaven and man.” (The idea of harmony between man and nature is not exclusive to Confucianism; it can be found in other schools of thought in the pre-Qin dynasty period, especially the philosophy of Taoism. However, the idea is uniquely expressed and developed in Confucianism.) Furthermore, human enhancement makes people unable to “settle in their place.” Therefore, Confucianism cannot accept it.

scholarly journals The theological ethics of human enhancement: Genetic engineering, robotics and nanotechnology

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manitza Kotze
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Human Enhancement ◽  
Image Of God ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Theological Ethics ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Theological Perspective ◽  
Church And Society ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The Image Of God

The recent advances made by biotechnology have been swift and sundry. Technological developments seem to happen sooner than they can be ethically reflected upon. One such trend is the endeavours launched to try and enhance human beings and what it means to be human with movements such as transhumanism, advocating strongly that we should overcome our natural limitations by any means available. With both critics and advocates utilising the expression ‘playing God’, the question of human enhancement is one in which the interplay between church and society comes compellingly to the fore. In this contribution, I wish to examine the bioethical challenges that technologies such as genetic engineering, robotics and nanotechnology raise, specifically from a theological perspective on human enhancement and indicating some paths that future research might take. Christian anthropological views on what it means to be human, especially to be created imago Dei [to the image of God] will provide the doctrinal and theological support to this contemplation.

Gender’s post-feminism and transhumanism

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-210
Author(s):  
Enrique Eduardo Burguete Miguel
Keyword(s):  
Queer Theory ◽  
Human Enhancement ◽  
The Self ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
State Of Nature ◽  
Primitive State ◽  
Available Technology ◽  
Modes Of Existence

The corollary of the humanist project for human enhancement is transhumanism, which considers post-human modes of existence to be desirable, and aspires to overcome our vulnerability by incorporating available technology into our nature. One of its manifestations is the queer theory, which calls for actively redefining the “self”, starting with the sexed body and its functioning. This article analyses the transhumanist impulse and the queer theory from the concepts of emancipation and progress, asking the following questions: a) What do both terms mean when we refer to human beings? and b) Are transhumanism and the queer theory examples of true emancipation and progress, or conversely, a relapse into to our primitive state of nature that orders praxis to the subjugation of nature and the imperative of self-preservation?

The Quantified Self or the Marketized Self?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Antonio Maturo ◽  
Margaret Shea ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Enhancement ◽  
Quantified Self ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Good For ◽  
The Individual

We show how interest in “human enhancement” and "optimization” is rooted in a broader social phenomenon – the medicalization of life – and argue that the push to enhance and optimize human beings has a distinctively neoliberal character. Indeed, human enhancement and optimization practices reflect a growing tendency to apply market concepts and logic to individuals, who increasingly conceive of themselves as performative subjects. The Quantified Self is, we suggest, the Marketized Self. Moreover, the Quantified Self is not merely a symptom of the marketization of individuals but serves also to perpetuate that marketization: the Quantified Self threatens to become that concept which defines who the individual “really” is. We argue that this metaphysically weighty idea affects how we think about what is good for human beings.

scholarly journals Oxytocin, Empathy and Human Enhancement

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Lara
Keyword(s):  
Human Enhancement ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Therapeutic Treatment

This paper considers, firstly, to what extent the administration of oxytocin can augment the capacity of empathy in human beings; and secondly, whether or not such practice ought to be allowed. In relation to the latter, the author develops an argument in favour of this intervention by virtue of its consistency with the belief that, if a therapeutic treatment is to be considered acceptable, it is essential that it maximizes the well-being of those affected and that it does not compromise the autonomy of the patient. Having rejected several objections related to the nature of this intervention, the author finally questions its morality on the basis of a concern with its universalizability.

scholarly journals A nova genética para além da gestão de riscos e promoção da saúde: prolegômenos ao conceito de Biodesign

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 813-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murilo Mariano Vilaça ◽  
Alexandre Palma
Keyword(s):  
Human Enhancement ◽  
Human Beings

A nova genética apontaria para uma nova era da metamorfose do humano, que seria marcada pelo protagonismo desse na seleção e aperfeiçoamento da sua natureza. Assim, o human enhancement tornaria-se uma realidade antropotécnica tangível. Esse artigo, inserido em uma pesquisa do campo da Ethics of Enhancement Human Beings, pretende excogitar um novo conceito para compreender nuances da chamada Genetic Age até agora aparentemente negligenciadas por outros dois conceitos já disponíveis, a saber, biopolítica e biossociabilidade. Para tanto, recorremos à revisão de parte da bibliografia sobre o tema e à análise e crítica desses conceitos, os quais focalizam a temática fundamentalmente através das noções de gestão de riscos e promoção da vida saudável. O objetivo foi apontar a parcial pertinência da grade de inteligibilidade fornecida por eles para compreender a nova genética. Destarte, apresentamos o conceito de biodesign como uma alternativa complementar. Com ele, esperamos oferecer, introdutoriamente, um conceito que apreenda, sobretudo, o que as possibilidades de artificialização da vida humana representam para além de uma nova forma de gestão de riscos/promoção da saúde.

scholarly journals Friendship Between Human Beings and AI Robots?

2021 ◽  
pp. 177-189
Author(s):  
Margaret S. Archer
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Modification ◽  
Error Detection ◽  
Human Enhancement ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Popular Imagination ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Medical Advances ◽  
Positive Properties

AbstractIn this chapter the case for potential Robophilia is based upon the positive properties and powers deriving from humans and AI co-working together in synergy. Hence, Archer asks ‘Can Human Beings and AI Robots be Friends?’ The need to foreground social change for structure culture and agency is being stressed. Human enhancement speeded up with medical advances with artificial insertions in the body, transplants, and genetic modification. In consequence, the definition of ‘being human’ is carried further away from naturalism and human essentialism. With the growing capacities of AI robots the tables are turned and implicitly pose the question, ‘so are they not persons too?’ Robophobia dominates Robophilia, in popular imagination and academia. With AI capacities now including ‘error-detection’, ‘self-elaboration of their pre-programming’ and ‘adaptation to their environment’, they have the potential for active collaboration with humankind, in research, therapy and care. This would entail synergy or co-working between humans and AI beings.

Religious People Are Against Scientific Technology

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Howard Ecklund ◽  
Christopher P. Scheitle
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Human Enhancement ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Religious People ◽  
Biomedical Technologies ◽  
Hesc Research

There is a myth that religious people do not like technology, whether it is the Internet, social media, or medical technologies. In fact, religious people’s concerns with many technologies mirror those of nonreligious people. As for social media, for instance, religious people fear what these technologies can do to relationships. And yet religious people support these technologies for the ways they can grow, strengthen, and connect communities of faith. While religious people are not unique in their concerns about many technologies, there are a few that concern religious people, in particular: reproductive genetic technologies (RGTs), in vitro fertilization (IVF), and human embryonic stem-cell (hESC) research. Biomedical technologies, specifically those related to “human enhancement,” tend to intersect directly with faith and can cause tension with religious groups. In other words, people of faith have theological concerns about these technologies because they seem to have implications for who God is and who human beings are and what it means to have a good life.

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