scholarly journals Performance Analysis of UPQC Architecture at Different Load Conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Sikandra Kumar Mandal ◽  
Nishi Singh
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Power ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Electrical Networks ◽  
Linear Load ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Electrical Distribution Networks ◽  
Network Quality ◽  
Non Linear Load ◽  
Symmetrical Load

The UPQC has the ability to improve the network quality at the installation site in electrical distribution networks or industrial electrical networks. The main objective of this thesis is to design a system to improve the network quality with a simplified architecture to support reactive power as well as to improve the active power available for load connections and to improve the efficiency of the system controls mentioned above. From this work, it was deduced that by developing and the inverter system with an control strategy in SVPWM, the device are proposed to improve the quality of the network can serve this goal with better results in the terms of performance and the efficiency. In this architecture can also be used in the hybrid systems, in making it more reliable. The designed system is also suitable for the delivery of different types of loads, such as non-linear load, symmetrical load, and asymmetrical load.

scholarly journals PERENCANAAN FILTER PASIF UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS DAYA LISTRIK DI KAMPUS DIPLOMA III FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNDIP

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkhan Subari ◽  
Saiful Manan
Keyword(s):  
Power Factor ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Linear Load ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Sinusoidal Waveform ◽  
Non Linear Load ◽  
Diploma Program ◽  
The Waves

Arkhan Subari, Saiful Manan, in this paper explain that most electronic equipment is non-linear load. Likewise with the equipment in campus buildings Diploma III Faculty of Engineering. Non-linear load is a load that has a voltage waveform supplied from non sinusiodal although sinusoidal voltage. Non-sinusoidal wave causes the shape of the voltage becomes distorted or defects that result in decreased quality of power. The defect wave called harmonics. To dampen harmonics on non-linear load can be used filter. With the addition of a filter on the power system, then the waves of unwanted harmonics can be suppressed as small as possible. In addition, harmonic filter at the fundamental frequency can compensate for reactive power and is used to improve the power factor of the system. From the measurement results in the Diploma Program Campus FT Undip found that the influence of harmonic waves big enough. THDv reached 32.13% while the THDi amounted to 7.85%. It affects so cos phi cos phi measured just 0.72. After the installation of a passive filter, the value THDv and THDi be good lebik ie 1.61% and 0.39% to reach 0.94 cos phi measured. Key word: non-linear loads, non-sinusoidal waveform, harmonics, power factor, filter LC

scholarly journals Advanced power transformer with improved parameters for rural electrical networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-377
Author(s):  
M. A. Prishchepov ◽  
A. I. Zelenkevich ◽  
V. M. Zbrodyga
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply System ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Power Transformer ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Electrical Networks ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Linear Load ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Harmonic Components ◽  
Non Linear Load

The problem of power quality supply is relevant for rural electrical networks, due to long distance and branching, as well as connection of a large number of single-phase and non-linear loads. Asymmetry of electrical loads causes voltage asymmetry, which adversely affects the operation of all elements of the electrical system, causing additional power losses, reducing the service life of electrical equipment and its economic performance, as well as reliability of operation of individual electrical equipment and power supply system as a whole. Reduction of voltage asymmetry can be ensured by rational construction of electrical network circuit and use of special correcting devices. The authors consider it reasonable to use relatively simple and reliable by design and inexpensive power transformers with a “star - double zigzag with a zero wire” (Y/2Zн) winding connection circuit with a neutral winding connection group. The paper deals with design and processes of converting electrical energy in a transformer. It has been proved that phase EMF of the secondary winding coincides in phase with the same EMF of the primary winding, i.e. the proposed circuit has a neutral windings’ connection group. Results of theoretical studies of transformer operation with an asymmetric and non-linear load are presented. Decrease in voltage asymmetry is due to the neutral sequence components compensation. Decrease of the higher harmonic voltage components level occurs due to the compensation of the higher harmonics multiplied three times. It is theoretically substantiated that transformer will not emit higher harmonic components of zero sequence voltages into the supply network. Experimental studies have confirmed the theoretical conclusions that a transformer with Y/2Zн winding connection circuit allows obtaining the highest level of voltage symmetry with an asymmetric load. In single-phase load mode, the values of voltage unbalance factor in reverse sequence do not exceed 1.7 %, in neutral sequence - 2.9 %. The transformer allows obtaining 1.2-1.5 times lower value of total harmonic components factor at non-linear load, which is the best result among circuits studied. This power transformer is resistant to load effects that distort voltage quality and is capable to provide a high level of symmetry and sinusoidal voltage as well as parallel operation with commercially available transformers. This makes it possible to use it in rural electrical networks to reduce power losses, increase service life and efficiency of electrical equipment, and increase reliability of the power supply system.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemasangan Kapasitor terhadap Cop (Coefficient Of Performance) Air Conditioning

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syofyan Anwar Syahputra ◽  
Mustakim Mustakim
Keyword(s):  
Power Factor ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Linear Load ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Non Linear Load ◽  
Power Factor Improvement ◽  
The Impact

Non linear load harmonics cause, Air Conditioning is one of the main types of inverters that generate non linear load harmonics. Harmonics on the Air Conditioning so that the reduction must not interfere with the quality of power on the system and network. The ability of an Air Conditioning unit to cool a room can be known as Coefficient Of Performance (COP). This can be seen from the comparison between the heat energy required to cool the room with the electric energy used on the unit. In this case you will know the impact caused by the reduction of the harmonics of the COP. Reduction of harmonics used in this study using 16 F capacitor which also serves as a power factor improvement. The results obtained after using the capacitor found impairment harmonic currents (IHDi). After the measurement of the COP also increased from 2,740 becomes 3,176. This proves that the capacitor also function besides improving the power factor can reduce the harmonics an improve the COP.

scholarly journals Design of power substation placement with GIS tracing tools

Vestnik IGEU ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. Gadalov ◽  
S.V. Kosyakov
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Electrical Networks ◽  
Voltage Distribution ◽  
Transformer Substation ◽  
Urban Distribution ◽  
Gis Environment

Analytical methods that are currently used to determine transformer substation placement in the process of planning the development of low-voltage distribution networks are based on calculating the lengths of future power lines by Euclidean distance, or methods for comparing several alternative placement options taking into account the routes of power lines. Assumptions made in this case lead to the fact that for the selected location of the substation, the total cost of the power lines connected to it may exceed the possible minimum. The use of modern GIS technologies allows simulating the routes of laying power lines on the map bypassing the existing obstacles or finding the cheapest routes for crossing them. These opportunities can be used to improve the quality of designing urban distribution networks through minimizing the construction cost of new power lines. However, the methods of organizing the solution to such a design problem have not yet found practical applications. The aim of the work is to develop a practical method of designing the placement of power substations in the GIS environment and its verification using real data. The paper uses methods of spatial modeling in the GIS environment, including methods of overlay, finding optimal paths on graphs and power grid inventory, as well as discrete optimization methods. A method of computer-aided design of transformer substation placement in urban distribution low-voltage networks is proposed and implemented as a GIS software module, which allows finding the optimal options of the placement cost at the stages of network scheme selection. The paper presents the results of the method analysis based on studying the design of the power grid scheme of Ivanovo city quarters as an example. The results confirm the possibility of using GIS to improve the quality of decisions on the choice of placement of low voltage distribution substations when designing urban electrical networks and can be used in the electrical networks CAD.

scholarly journals КОМПЛЕКСНЕ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ВСТАНОВЛЕННЯ ДОДАТКОВИХ ДЖЕРЕЛ РЕАКТИВНОЇ ПОТУЖНОСТІ У РОЗПОДІЛЬНИХ ЕЛЕКТРИЧНИХ МЕРЕЖАХ

2018 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-111
Author(s):  
В. В. Кулик ◽  
О. Б. Бурикін ◽  
В. М. Пірняк
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Power ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Electrical Network ◽  
Electrical Networks ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Search Area ◽  
Electrical Grids ◽  
Monitoring Devices

To develop a method for assessing the effectiveness of reactive power sources (RPS) in electrical grids. The efficiency indicator was obtained as a result of combining the method of assessing the quality of the functioning of electrical grids on the basis of Markov networks and the method of interval analysis of energy losses. The efficiency index improves the formulation of the problem of optimizing the connection of the RPS to electrical networks. It improves the quality of this task. A new method of forming an indicator of the guaranteed effectiveness of the installing the RPS is obtained. It provides an unambiguous comprehensive evaluation of efficiency, takes into account the reliability of the electrical network, the quality of the voltage in its nodes, the accuracy of calculating the released and lost electricity. The method makes it possible to construct more efficient algorithms for optimizing the connection of RPS. They allow excluding from the search area optimal solutions "indefinite" fragments of the network without the help of an analyst. Estimation of the real effect is difficult or impossible for such fragments due to frequent failures or lack of monitoring devices. This correction of the search area improves the quality of the solution.

scholarly journals Software Solutions for Harmonic Conditions Monitoring and Optimal Placing of Reactive Power Sources in Distributions Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 8-9 ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Alexandru Baloi ◽  
Adrian Pana
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Power Factor Correction ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Virtual Instruments ◽  
Equivalent Network ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Risk Increase ◽  
Electrical Distribution Networks

Power factor correction in electrical distribution networks can lead to harmonic risk increase. The paper presents a method to anticipate the amplification of network harmonic conditions based on the equivalent network harmonic impedance which can be monitored using virtual instruments. Based on the values of the harmonic impedance and the required reactive power, a mathematical model is implemented through an algorithm and software classes are developed for the solution regarding the type of the reactive power sources (capacitor banks or filters) and the place where it will be installed.

Harmonic Compensation using STATCOM for SEIG Feeding Single-Phase Load Connected between Different Phases

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 489
Author(s):  
Satyanarayan Gorantla ◽  
Goli Ravi Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Harmonic Distortion ◽  
Induction Generator ◽  
Generator System ◽  
Synchronous Reference Frame ◽  
Linear Load ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Non Linear Load

The paper presents the analysis of harmonic distortion when non-linear load is connected in different phases of power system with STATCOM for singly excited induction generator system with wind turbine as prime mover. Now-a-days due to the drastically increased in use of non linear loads causes many power quality problems in power system network. Those problems are classified as reactive power problems, harmonics, voltage sags and swells. Out of these problems harmonic problems are major concern. Custom power devices proposed for mitigation of power quality in network. For compensation of harmonic, static compensator (STATCOM) is used. The paper presents the compensation of harmonic power quality issues using STATCOM for the system with singly-excited induction generator feeding non-linear load connected in different phases. STATCOM is controlled using synchronous reference frame theory to produce pulses to switches of STATCOM sensing the input parameters. Proposed concept was developed using MATLAB/SIMULINK software and results are presented for non-linear load connected in different phases of the power system. THD analysis was shown for source current and load current for different cases.

scholarly journals Energy Loss Allocation in Smart Distribution Systems with Electric Vehicle Integration

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo De Oliveira-De Jesus ◽  
Mario Rios ◽  
Gustavo Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Load Model ◽  
Loss Allocation ◽  
Allocation Procedure ◽  
Linear Load ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Power Models ◽  
Non Linear Load

This paper presents a three-phase loss allocation procedure for distribution networks. The key contribution of the paper is the computation of specific marginal loss coefficients (MLCs) per bus and per phase expressly considering non-linear load models for Electric Vehicles (EV). The method was applied in a unbalanced 12.47 kV feeder with 12,780 households and 1000 EVs under peak and off-peak load conditions. Results obtained were also compared with the traditional roll-in embedded allocation procedure (pro rata) using non-linear and standard constant power models. Results show the influence of the non-linear load model in the energy losses allocated. This result highlights the importance of considering an appropriate EV load model to appraise the overall losses encouraging the use and further development of the methodology

Distributed Generation Units as Ancillary Services Providers in a Pre Smart Grid Environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clainer Bravin Donadel ◽  
Jussara Farias Fardin ◽  
Lucas Frizera Encarnação
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Ancillary Services ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Electronic Market ◽  
Electrical Distribution Networks ◽  
And Control

AbstractNowadays, ancillary services in electrical distribution networks (e. g. voltage support and reactive power control), usually provided by capacitor banks, start to be performed by distributed generation units (DGs). In this way, several papers have been studying the use of DGs as reactive power providers, and the power electronic/market regulation involved in this new scenario. However, the authors commonly consider a full implementation of Smart Grid philosophy, i. e., there are appropriate communications between DGs and distribution network operator (DNO)’s control centers, but it is not a close reality in many developing countries, due to high costs involved in their implementation. Therefore, this paper proposes a new method in order to use DGs as ancillary services providers in a short and medium-term (called in the literature Pre Smart Grid), in which there are not effective communications between DGs and control centers of DNOs. The proposed method uses a non-uniform DGs distribution, obtained from local atlas of wind, solar, hydraulic and biomass power. The methodology presented accurate results when compared with a PSO-based method, widely used to solve optimization problems, but needs a complete Smart Grid philosophy implementation to work.

scholarly journals Study of statistical data on the composition of electric distribution networks on the example of a Kaluga region district

2020 ◽  
Vol 220 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
V.E. Bolshev ◽  
A.V. Vinogradov ◽  
A.V. Vinogradova ◽  
A.V. Bukreev ◽  
S.R. Khasanov
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Electrical Network ◽  
Electrical Networks ◽  
Electrical Distribution ◽  
Electrical Distribution Networks ◽  
Kaluga Region

Sustainable operation of the power grid complex is impossible without reliable and high-quality operation of 10/0.4 kV electrical distribution networks, which are the final link in the system for providing consumers with electric energy and are in direct interaction with a specific consumer. The study of statistical information on the composition of distribution networks makes it possible to draw conclusions about electrical network state, to implement recommendations for their development and to compare distribution electrical networks in different regions. This information is especially relevant for analyzing the reliability of power supply to consumers connected to the considered electrical distribution networks. Such indicators of network structure as the length of electric transmission lines of different voltages and power transmission schemes are studied. It also analyzes the number of damages in networks, the causes of these damages, data on the time of planned and emergency outages. This paper considers the structure of 10/0.4 kV electrical distribution networks located on the territory of one of the districts of the Kaluga region. The sample for distribution networks was: 1190 overhead transmission lines and 536 transformer substations. Consumers in the district are 21671 subscribers of individuals and 1986 subscribers of legal entities, that is, a total of 23657 metering points. On the lines of 0.4 kV and 10 kV, the percentage of their isolated design was revealed. The share of single-transformer and two-transformer versions of transformer substations is analyzed.

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