scholarly journals Nurses' Knowledge and Practice Towards Prevention of Surgical Site Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Fatimah Sham ◽  
Nur Azira Abdul Raji ◽  
Mohd Fitri Omar ◽  
Zulkarnain Hasan ◽  
Muhammad Khairi Patahorahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
P Value ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Nurses Knowledge

Surgical Site Infection (SIS) is a common healthcare-associated infection that significantly impacts patient safety and financial losses for health systems. Enhancing nurses' knowledge and practice is an essential component in the prevention of the spread of infection. The study aims to assess the knowledge and practice of preventing surgical site infection among nurses. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 306 nurses in two public hospitals in Malaysia. Data were obtained from selfadministered questionnaires and analyzed using the IBM Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS) Window Version 23. This study revealed that 85.3 % of nurses had good knowledge, and 97.7 % had good practice regarding SSI prevention. However, there was no significant difference between the nurses' knowledge and practice towards Prevention SSI (x2: 1.10; p-value: 0.28). There was a statistically significant association between working unit/ward and the total knowledge score (x2:24.51; p-value: 0.01). Nurses who worked in the Operation Theatre were found to have higher percentage of good knowledge (n: 108; 35.3%). It can be concluded that the nurses had good knowledge and practice regarding surgical site infection. Successful strategies of infection control measures were the well-structured guidelines, continuing education programs, adequate supervision, good support, and regular basis of the necessary consumables and supplies.

Surgical-site infections in emergency abdominal paediatric surgeries at a tertiary-care hospital in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ali Faisal Saleem ◽  
Huma Faiz Halepota ◽  
Hasaan Omar ◽  
Areeba Zain ◽  
Muhammad Arif Mateen Khan
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pathogen Occurrence

Abstract A retrospective chart review was carried out in children (neonates to 18 years) who underwent acute surgical abdominal exploration during 2012-2016 at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, to evaluate the post-operative surgical site infection rates in emergency paediatric abdominal surgery. Incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) was estimated. P-value was calculated, chi-square and non-parametric tests were performed by comparing pre-surgical and post-surgical procedure pathogen occurrence and pre-procedure wound status. Pathogen occurrence related to time-trend of 98 paediatric patients who underwent emergency abdominal surgery was plotted. Of the 94 who were discharged in stable condition, it was found that there was no significant difference between pre- and post-surgical pathogens. Escherichia coli (n=10) was found to be the most common pathogen. Contaminated wounds were associated with higher SSI (p=0.036, OR 1.95 95% CI 0.7-5.4). Continuous...  

scholarly journals Effect of duration of pre-operative admission on surgical site infection in major abdominal surgeries: an observational study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2306
Author(s):  
Alka Shantiprakash Gupta ◽  
Arthika Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Surgical Patient ◽  
P Value ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Admission Time ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Skin Flora ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prolonged Hospital

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) are second most common cause of mortality in surgical patient, situation has been further complicated by emergence of drug resistant strains. The importance of preventing surgical site infections is well recognized since they lead to increased morbidity, prolonged hospital stays, need for readmission, high end antibiotic treatment and re-surgery. The study was done to see if   incidence of SSI is decreased with decreased pre-operative admission time. Others factors associated with SSI were analysed including the microbiological spectrum.Methods: The study was an analytical, observational, case control study. Sixty (60) cases each of gynaecology and obstetrical post-operative patients who developed SSI within 30 days were taken as cases and who did not develop SSI were taken as controls and preoperative admission time was analysed in both cases and controls to observe if risk of surgical site infections decreases due to decreased exposure to nosocomial pathogens when the pre-operative admission time was less than 48 hours.Results: Author found that there was statistically significant difference in the time between surgery and admission in the gynaecological surgeries with p value 0.023, as compared to the obstetrics surgeries where there was no statistically significant difference. Common organism isolated was E. coli sensitive to gentamicin.Conclusions: From this study, it seems to be a good policy to evaluate the patient on OPD basis and admit them about 24 to 48 hours prior to the surgery rather them keeping them admitted for prolonged duration in wards for diagnostic evaluation. This prevents nosocomial contamination in the patient’s skin flora thereby preventing SSI. This practice not only conserves the hospital resources but also makes the patient turn over faster. Further this might in the long run reduce the antibiotic resistant hospital flora.

scholarly journals Prophylaxis of Surgical Site Infection in Cranial Surgery with Vancomycin Powder Application into Wound

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
SAMI UR REHMAN ◽  
RIFFAT ULLAH KHAN ◽  
GHAYUR ABBAS ◽  
USAMA BIN ZUBAIR ◽  
KAMRAN KHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Routine Prophylaxis ◽  
Vancomycin Powder ◽  
Vancomycin Group ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

Objective: To see the effect of application of Vancomycin powder directly into the subgaleal space in reducing the postoperative surgical site infections.Materials and Methods: All the patients who underwent consecutive elective craniotomies from April 2017 to May 2018 Dept of Neurosurgery, szabmu, PIMS, Islamabad. The control group received the standard routine prophylaxis according to the hospital protocols, whereas the treatment group, in addition to the standard prophylaxis, received Vancomycin powder in the surgical wound in addition to the standard routine prophylaxis. Results: 182 patients were enrolled in the study, 91 allocated to each the control and treatment group (Vancomycin). Six patients were lost to follow up. There were 90 patients in the control group and 86 patients in the treatment (Vancomycin) group. Both the groups were almost statistically similar. In the control group, 34.09% (n = 60) were male and 17.04% (n = 30) were female. In the treatment group, 29.54% (n = 52) were male and 19.31% (n = 34) were female. The overall rate of surgical site infection (SSI) was 3.97% (7 out of 176 cases). A statistically significant difference found in infection rate between the treatment group, 0% (0 out of 86 cases) and the control group, 7.77% (7 out of 90 cases) with the p value of 0.002. Conclusions: The use of topical Vancomycin powder in surgical wounds may significantly reduce the incidence of infection in patients undergoing elective craniotomies. It is a promising means of preventing devastating and harmful postoperative wound infections.

Nurses’ Knowledge and Practice Regarding the Prevention of Cesarean Section Surgical Site Infection in Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Shinta Novelia ◽  
◽  
Wipa Sae Sia ◽  
Praneed Songwathana ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Nurses Knowledge

scholarly journals Surgical Site Infection Prevention: An Analysis of Compliance With Good Practice in Large Hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s396-s396
Author(s):  
Adriana Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Hair Removal ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Hospital Infection Control ◽  
And Control

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is considered one of the most frequent adverse events globally. One of the strategies to mitigate its occurrence was proposed by the WHO in 2008 as part of the Safe Surgery Saves Lives program to reduce the rate of SSI by 25% by 2020. Objectives: To evaluate adherence to SSI prevention and control actions in large hospitals using a score. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 30 hospitals in Minas Gerais, Brazil, from February 2018 to April 2019. Data collection was performed through interviews with the coordinator of the hospital infection control service (HICS), situational diagnoses, and observation of a surgical procedures at the time of the visit. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. The variables were described using descriptive statistics. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Minas Gerais (COEP/UFMG) (CAAE: 30782614.3.00005149). A score was determined to identify the degree of compliance of institutions to SSI prevention practices. Results: In 93.3% of the HICSs, routines or protocols for the use of prophylactic antibiotic in surgery and compliance audits were mentioned, 69% reported hair removal with a clipper. SSI surveillance occurred in all institutions; however, only 63.3% disclosed SSI rates. In the situational observations, 60% of the professionals performed hand antisepsis within 3–5 minutes. Most frequently, hair removal was performed inside the operating room in 76.7% of the observed procedures and an electric clipper was used 56.7% of the time. In the surgery audit, prophylactic antimicrobial administration occurred between 30 and 60 minutes before surgical incision in only 63.3% of the observed procedures. The traffic in the operation room was limited to the necessary minimum in only 53.3% of observed procedures and unnecessary opening of the doors occurred in 76.7% of the observations. Patient temperature was not monitored in 70% of the audited procedures. Conclusions: According to the proposed score, 1 of the institutions (3.3%) complied with SSI prevention and control measures sufficiently; 25 complied partially (83.3%); and 4 (13.3%) demonstrated poor compliance.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

scholarly journals Does Skin Preparation Influence Surgical Site Infection in Laparotomy Wounds: Comparative Evaluation of Preoperative Skin Preparation With 4% Chlorhexidine With 5% Povidone Iodine in Laparotomy Wounds: A Prospective Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravindran Chirukandath ◽  
Manoj P. Elangovan ◽  
Agil B. ◽  
Reshma A. Cheedhamadathil ◽  
Ayana M. Dev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Prospective Trial ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
P Value ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Related Complication ◽  
Skin Preparation ◽  
Emergency Procedures ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Surgical site infection is a dangerous condition causing a heavy burden on the patient and social health system. Surgical site infections are among the most common hospital acquired infections comprising 14 to 16% of inpatient infections. There are various factors predisposing the infections and many of them are patient related or disease related. The use of pre-operative skin preparation by effective antiseptic plays an important role in reducing postoperative wound infections. There are several kinds of antiseptics available for preoperative skin preparation; however povidone iodine and spirit are commonly used in clinical practice. Materials and Methods: This study compared the incidence of surgical site infections within 7 days of postoperative period in laparotomy wounds prepared using 4% Chlorhexidine and those prepared with 5% Povidone iodine for pre-laparotomy skin preparation. Results: This study compared 128, 4% Chlorhexidine prepared patients and 109,  5% Povidone iodine prepared patients undergoing various elective n = 114 and emergency procedures n = 123. The overall SSI rates in 7 days in the whole group were 13.44 %. The SSI rates on the 4% Chlorhexidine group were 10.16% and 5% povidone iodine group were 17.27% and it was statically significant with a p value of p = 0.00413 showing significant reduction in the 4% Chlorhexidine group. The study also compared the SSI rates in elective and emergency procedures in both groups with significant difference in emergency procedures. More variables are also compared between the groups and results were analyzed. Conclusion: This study shows the use of Chlorhexidine 4% reduces the morbidity of one of the most common wound related complication in laparotomy patients in all categories of laparotomy wounds.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding COVID-19 among healthcare workers in Chitwan, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 98-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richa Nepal ◽  
Kalyan Sapkota ◽  
Pramod Paudel ◽  
Bhojraj Adhikari ◽  
Kalidas Adhikari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: The cases of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has been gradually increasing in Nepal. The objective of this study was to evaluate knowledge, attitude and practice regarding COVID-19 among healthcare workers in Chitwan, one of the districts located in central Nepal. Methods: It was a descriptive, cross-sectional study, conducted among healthcare workers from differ­ent health institutions of Chitwan, over the span of two weeks from 1st April, 2020 till 14th April, 2020. Bivariate analyses of knowledge, attitude and practice scores were done with different variables using appropriate tests in SPSS IBM version 25. Results: Out of 353 responses, 166 (47%) were nurses, 102 (28.9%) were doctors, 41 (11.6%) were health assistants, 7 (2%) were community medical assistants, and the remaining 37 (10.5%) were cat­egorized as others. 290 (82.2%) healthcare workers obtained moderate to good knowledge scores, 295 (83.6%) obtained moderate to good practice scores, and 321 (90.9%) had positive attitude scores. Doctors had highest mean knowledge scores (23.70 ± 4.48, p value- 0.000) and health assistants had highest mean practice scores (15.10±3.61, p value- 0.007). Positive correlation was obtained between knowledge and practice scores (r= 0.476, p value- 0.000); and attitude and practice scores (r= 0.238, p value- 0.000). Only 20.4% healthcare workers were confident to handle the pandemic in their health­care setup. Conclusions: The majority of healthcare workers had moderate to good knowledge and practice scores and had a positive attitude toward COVID-19. There was a significant association between knowledge, attitude and practice scores obtained by healthcare workers from Nepal.

scholarly journals Comparing the Efficacy of Triclosan Coated Sutures versus Chlorhexidine Coated Sutures in Preventing Surgical Site Infection after Removal of Impacted Mandibular Third Molar

2020 ◽  
pp. 138-148
Author(s):  
Sneha Krishnan ◽  
Senthilnathan Periasamy ◽  
Arun Murugaiyan
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
P Value ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Impacted Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2

The aim of this present clinical trial study is evaluate the efficacy of triclosan coated sutures versus chlorhexidine coated sutures in preventing surgical site infection after removal of an impacted mandibular third molar. This prospective, single blind study included 30 patients divided into two groups with 15 patients each who had been referred to the Oral Surgery Clinic at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College, Chennai for surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar under local anaesthesia. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups: Group 1 were treated with (3-0) antimicrobial triclosan impregnated polyglactin sutures for closure and in group 2 with (3–0) antimicrobial chlorhexidine diacetate-impregnated polyglactin sutures. Evaluation in regard to infection rate, abnormal erythema, pain and trismus between two groups was done on the 7th day postoperatively. In this study we observed that no significant difference in rates of infection between the groups. Abnormal erythema and trismus showed better results in group 2(chlorhexidine group) on 7th day postoperatively whereas incidence of pain was higher in patients treated with chlorhexidine coated sutures on the 7th day postoperatively as compared to patients treated with triclosan coated sutures. However, P value was >0.05 which was considered statistically insignificant. Within the limitations of the present study, chlorhexidine diacetate-impregnated polyglactin sutures showed reduced infection rates,erythema and trismus  as compared to triclosan impregnated polyglactin sutures in healthy patients undergoing surgical removal of third molar under local anesthesia.

scholarly journals Subcutaneous Radiographic Measurement: A Marker to Evaluate Surgical Site Infection Risk in Elderly Hip Fracture Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martí Bernaus ◽  
Francesc Anglès ◽  
Berta Escudero ◽  
Margarita Veloso ◽  
Alfredo Matamala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Radiographic Measurement ◽  
Femoral Diaphysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract. Objectives: Obesity is a documented comorbidity that is prevalent in the elderly population and a known predictor for surgical site infection (SSI). Body mass index is a convenient method to classify obesity, but it fails to account for fat distribution. The objective of our study was to evaluate the association between surgical site infection and a subcutaneous radiographic measurement (SRM) in elderly hip fracture patients.Materials and Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted to compare SRMs at the hip in patients diagnosed with surgical site infection after hip fracture surgery with patients that were not diagnosed with surgical site infection. Each case was matched to two controls. An SRM was defined as the distance from the tip of the greater trochanter to the skin following a perpendicular line to the femoral diaphysis in anteroposterior hip radiographs. Clinical diagnosis of acute surgical site infection was based on Tsukayama criteria.Results: Patients with an SRM greater than 6.27cm had a 7-fold increase in the odds of surgical site infection (OR=7.42, 95% Confidence Interval (CI)=3.01-18.28, p<0.001) compared to those with smaller measurements. The odds ratio (OR) for infection of patients with an ASA score of 3 was 15.82(95% CI=5.11-48.9, p-value<0.001)A statistically significant difference between cases and controls was also found when SRM at the hip was analyzed as a continuous variable. Patients with an infection had a 2.24cm (95% CI=1.59 - 2.90; p<0.001) greater mean SRM.Conclusion: Results of our study suggest an association between the SRM at the hip and the risk of SSI in elderly patients with surgically treated hip fractures. SRM may be a helpful tool for evaluating the risk of SSI in elderly hip fracture patients.

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