Comparison of Resiliency, Optimism and Social Self-Efficacy in Delinquent and Normal Adolescents

The present study aimed to examine and compare resilience, optimism, and self-efficacy in delinquent and normal adolescents in Fars Province, Iran. The statistical population comprised 100 delinquent adolescents in Shiraz Juvenile Detention Centre and 100 normal adolescents. Research hypotheses were investigated in this descriptive-analytical study using Scheier and Carver’s Life Orientation Test, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Sherer’s Self-Efficacy Scale and statistical analysis was conducted using independent samples t-test. Results showed that there was a significant difference between two groups of adolescents in terms of the optimism, resilience and self-efficacy. The optimism in adolescents had a significant impact on the mental health and behaviour of them and plays an important role in the personal and social life of individual. Furthermore, the resilience and self-efficacy have crucial roles in the life of adolescents. Having any of these traits and enhancing and improving them play important roles in the life of adolescents.

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The Comparison of Loneliness and Social Self-Efficacy among Male Adolescents in Families where the presence of Father is Temporary (for Employment) and Normal Adolescents

International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development ◽

10.6007/ijarped/v3-i4/1377 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Tahmineh Kamalian ◽

Hojattollah Fani ◽

Zahra Ghaderi

Keyword(s):

Self Efficacy ◽

Social Self ◽

Male Adolescents ◽

Normal Adolescents

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Examining the Relationship between Psychological Capital and Entrepreneurial Intention: An Exploratory Study

Asian Social Science ◽

10.5539/ass.v13n3p80 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 80 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Francoise Contreras ◽

Inge de Dreu ◽

Juan C. Espinosa

Keyword(s):

Self Efficacy ◽

Psychological Capital ◽

Business Students ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽

Life Orientation Test ◽

Life Orientation ◽

Resilience Scale ◽

The Individual ◽

General Self Efficacy

The aim of this study is determine if Entrepreneurial Intention is related to Psychological Capital in business students. Self-efficacy, Hope, Optimism and Resiliency, which are all dimensions of psychological capital, were assessed with the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE), the Hope Scale (HS), the Life Orientation Test Revised (LOT-R) and the Resilience Scale (RS), respectively. The Entrepreneurial Intention was assessed through five statements. According to the results, Entrepreneurial Intention is related to all dimensions of Psychological Capital, mainly with Self-efficacy and Resilience. Psychological Capital as an integrated construct was related to Entrepreneurial Intention as a whole. These findings provide additional evidence about the importance to study Psychological capital as an integrated construct instead of studying its dimensions separately, even more so when studied in relation to Entrepreneurial Intention. In spite of the advances in the knowledge about the individual differences related to entrepreneurial intentions, it is necessary to continue studying this phenomenon, considering that the results are still scarce and inconclusive.

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Effectiveness of resilience training on social self-efficacy of the elementary school girls during COVID-19 outbreak

Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/13591045211056504 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 135910452110565

Author(s):

Shima Gadari ◽

Jamileh Farokhzadian ◽

Parvin Mangolian shahrbabaki

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Social Self ◽

The Social ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Psychological Harm ◽

Resilience Training ◽

School Girls ◽

And Control

Children, especially girls, are more vulnerable during crises, who need to acquire skills such as social self-efficacy to meet the challenges of the environment. Given that, much progress has been made in e-learning; its capabilities can be used to promote children’s health. This study aimed to determine the effect of virtual resilience training on the social self-efficacy of elementary school girls. This experimental study was performed on primary school girls aged 9–10 years in southeastern Iran. Students were selected by convenience sampling and divided into intervention ( n = 40) and control ( n = 37) groups by using randomized allocation. The Children’s Social Self-Efficacy in Peer Interaction Scale was used for data collection before, immediately, and one month after the intervention. No significant difference was found between the two groups of intervention and control in the score of social self-efficacy before the intervention. However, the score of students in the intervention group improved immediately and one month after the intervention, and a significant difference was observed between the two groups ( p = .0001). Virtual resilience training has improved the social self-efficacy of elementary school girls and facing challenges is inevitable in today’s world, so resilience training seems necessary to prevent social and psychological harm in such children.

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Research on the Physical Characteristics for Improving the Security Perceptions of Citizens: A Comparative Analysis of Zones Five and Ten of Shiraz, Iran

Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies ◽

10.1142/s2345748118500215 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 06 (03) ◽

pp. 1850021

Author(s):

Mohammad SEDAGHAT FARD ◽

Ali SOLTANI ◽

Habib AHMADI ◽

Abdolreza PAKSHIR

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Social Life ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

The Elderly ◽

Urban Neighborhoods ◽

Physical Characteristics ◽

Statistical Population ◽

Social Perspectives ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Network Patterns

Crime and the insecurities relating to it within urban neighborhoods are currently amongst the major concerns of urban citizens, and such issues have resulted in significant harm to their social life, to the point that urban neighborhoods are even sometimes considered to be a subcategory of urban abnormality. Such a result has arisen largely due to a lack of security in cities. The qualitative and quantitative aspects associated with the sense of security are crucial to the positive existence of urban neighborhoods, both from physical and social perspectives. A particularly important issue to consider is the safety of women and girls and the elderly in urban areas, especially at night. The goal of this study is to evaluate the role that the physical characteristics of an area playing in improving the security perceptions of urban citizens within that area. The approach of the study, given its descriptive-analytic nature, might be applied to all kinds of applied research. The study’s data collection is of two forms: library documents and survey-based questionnaires. In this research, a questionnaire was developed and distributed among residents of Zones Five and Ten of Shiraz, Iran. After collecting the required data, SPSS is used for the study’s analysis. The study adopts a simple random sampling method, with the statistical population of the study areas being 281,341. In turn, the sample size used via application of the Cochran formula is 384. The results of the T-test and the F-test are used to analyze the differences between the independent and dependent variables. The findings of the research reveal that the average security perception in Zone Ten is 41.51, an amount higher than that in Zone Five, which is 37.41. The observed difference between the averages of the Zones Five and Ten confirms the hypotheses of the research. The analysis shows that such factors of physical characteristics, including parks, buildings, schools, street lighting and roads network patterns, influence the quantity of potential criminals and thus the security perceptions. In general, there is a significant difference among the physical characteristics of the study areas in terms of their security perceptions.

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Social Self-Efficacy of Adolescents Who Participate in Individual and Team Sports

Social Behavior and Personality An International Journal ◽

10.2224/sbp.2011.39.10.1417 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 39 (10) ◽

pp. 1417-1423 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Zeynep Dinç

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Statistical Difference ◽

Team Sports ◽

Table Tennis ◽

Social Self ◽

Arithmetic Average ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

Individual Sports

This study was conducted to compare different variables of social self-efficacy (SSE) as determinants for adolescents in selecting and taking part in team and individual sports. Four sporting codes were selected for study: table tennis, swimming, handball, and basketball. Participants were 100 adolescents who had played their chosen sport for an average of 5.4 years. Results showed that the difference in SSE between those playing table tennis and those playing handball was significant, as was the difference between those playing table tennis and those playing basketball, swimming and handball, swimming and basketball. No statistical difference was found in SSE between those playing table tennis and those involved in swimming, and handball and basketball. Likewise, there was no statistically significant difference between SSE scores according to gender for any of the sports. Nor was there any significant difference between the socioeconomic status (SES) of the participants according to the sport they played and the arithmetic average of their SSE scores. A negative correlation was noted (p > .05) between the sporting code and the SES of participants.

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