Research on the Physical Characteristics for Improving the Security Perceptions of Citizens: A Comparative Analysis of Zones Five and Ten of Shiraz, Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 06 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850021
Author(s):  
Mohammad SEDAGHAT FARD ◽  
Ali SOLTANI ◽  
Habib AHMADI ◽  
Abdolreza PAKSHIR
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Urban Neighborhoods ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Social Perspectives ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Network Patterns

Crime and the insecurities relating to it within urban neighborhoods are currently amongst the major concerns of urban citizens, and such issues have resulted in significant harm to their social life, to the point that urban neighborhoods are even sometimes considered to be a subcategory of urban abnormality. Such a result has arisen largely due to a lack of security in cities. The qualitative and quantitative aspects associated with the sense of security are crucial to the positive existence of urban neighborhoods, both from physical and social perspectives. A particularly important issue to consider is the safety of women and girls and the elderly in urban areas, especially at night. The goal of this study is to evaluate the role that the physical characteristics of an area playing in improving the security perceptions of urban citizens within that area. The approach of the study, given its descriptive-analytic nature, might be applied to all kinds of applied research. The study’s data collection is of two forms: library documents and survey-based questionnaires. In this research, a questionnaire was developed and distributed among residents of Zones Five and Ten of Shiraz, Iran. After collecting the required data, SPSS is used for the study’s analysis. The study adopts a simple random sampling method, with the statistical population of the study areas being 281,341. In turn, the sample size used via application of the Cochran formula is 384. The results of the T-test and the F-test are used to analyze the differences between the independent and dependent variables. The findings of the research reveal that the average security perception in Zone Ten is 41.51, an amount higher than that in Zone Five, which is 37.41. The observed difference between the averages of the Zones Five and Ten confirms the hypotheses of the research. The analysis shows that such factors of physical characteristics, including parks, buildings, schools, street lighting and roads network patterns, influence the quantity of potential criminals and thus the security perceptions. In general, there is a significant difference among the physical characteristics of the study areas in terms of their security perceptions.

scholarly journals Analysis of Lavender Aroma and Guided Imagery on Insomnia in Lansia in Technical Specific Unit Social Tresna Wherda Glenmore District Banyuwangi

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Grenda Aprilyawan
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Guided Imagery ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cochran Test

Naturally the elderly is experiencing a decline both in terms of physical, biological and mental and this is not independent of economic, social and cultural issues. Sleep disorders is one of the health problems often faced by the elderly. The elderly require good sleep quality to improve health and restore the condition of the illness. There are several ways to deal with insomnia can be done in 2 ways: pharmacology and non pharmacology. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of lavender and guided imagery on insomnia in elderly in Technical Implementation Unit (UPT) of Social Tresna Werdha Glenmore Sub-district of Banyuwangi Regency. In this research, the research design used is True experimental research design. The population of the study were all elderly people who experienced insomnia of 36 people and sample of 33 people by using simple random sampling. Data collection using checklist sheet then analyzed using Cochran test. The results showed that significant probability value of Cochran test of 0,032 <0,05 means there is significant difference between giving of lavender scent, guided imagery and control group to insomnia. While the treatment before and after the lavender scent there is a significant influence on insomnia (p: 0.008 <0.05). Treatment before and after guided imagery there is a significant effect on insomnia (p: 0,016 <0,05). Treatment before and after the control group there was no significant effect on insomnia (p: 0,500> 0,05). Based on the results of this study non pharmacology treatment can be maintained and continued for better sleep quality. Whether using aroma therapy or guided imagery lavender because it has been proven to reduce insomnia.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Self-Rated Economic Status and Falls among the Elderly in Shandong Province, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2150
Author(s):  
Zhuang Hong ◽  
Lingzhong Xu ◽  
Jinling Zhou ◽  
Long Sun ◽  
Jiajia Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Economic Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

(1) Background: Older people are more vulnerable and likely to have falls and the consequences of these falls place a heavy burden on individuals, families and society. Many factors directly or indirectly affect the prevalence of falls. The aims of this study were to understand the prevalence and risk factors of falls among the elderly in Shandong, China; the relationship between economic level and falls was also preliminary explored. (2) Methods: Using a multi-stage stratified sampling method, 7070 elderly people aged 60 and over were selected in Shandong Province, China. General characteristics and a self-rated economic status were collected through face to face interviews. Chi-square tests, rank sum tests and two logistic regression models were performed as the main statistical methods. (3) Results: 8.59% of participants reported that they had experienced at least one fall in the past half year. There was a significant difference in experienced falls regarding gender, residence, marital status, educational level, smoking, drinking, hypertension, diabetes, coronary disease, and self-reported hearing. The worse the self-rated economic status, the higher the risk of falling, (poor and worried about livelihood, OR = 3.60, 95%; CI = 1.76–7.35). (4) Conclusions: Women, hypertension, diabetes and self-reported hearing loss were identified as the risk factors of falls in the elderly. The difference of economic level affects the falls of the elderly in rural and urban areas. More fall prevention measures should be provided for the elderly in poverty.

scholarly journals Comparison of Perceived Stress, Work-Family Conflict and Job Burnout in Nurses and Teachers in Bandar Abbas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanaz EYNI ◽  
Ali KERMANI ◽  
Safura KEYVANLO ◽  
Zahra JAVDAN ◽  
Matineh EBADI
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Family Conflict ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Job Burnout ◽  
Work Family Conflict ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Bandar Abbas ◽  
Stress Work

Introduction: Due to the great importance of health and various aspects of the duties and responsibilities of individuals in the nursing and teaching professions that can potentially be stressful for them. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare perceived stress, work-family conflict and job burnout in teachers and nurses in Bandar Abbas. Methods: The present study was descriptive and causal-comparative. The statistical population of the present study was all nurses and teachers in Bandar Abbas in the first half of 1398 in which 70 nurses and 70 teachers were selected by simple random sampling. Cohen et al.'s (1983) Perceived Stress Questionnaire, Carlson et al.'s Family Conflict Questionnaire (2000) and Maslash Burnout Questionnaire (1981) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Results: The results showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups of nurses and teachers in the variables of perceived stress (F = 9.85 and P <0.01), work-family conflict (F = 14.77 and P <0.01) and burnout. There was a job (F = 24.22 and P <0.01). The results also indicate that the mean scores of the nurses in the variables of perceived stress, work-family conflict and burnout are higher than the teachers. Conclusion: In general, the rotational and variable nursing system caused that they face more problems in family functioning and work stress than teachers; Also, job burnout among nurses was higher than teachers due to lack of job security and bright future.  

ESTABLISHING THE WELL-BEING OF THE RURAL-URBAN ELDERLY POPULATION: A CASE STUDY OF INDONESIA

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (02) ◽  
pp. 105-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAIDATULAKMAL MOHD ◽  
AZLINDA AZMAN ◽  
JAMALLUDIN SULAIMAN ◽  
ISMAIL BABA
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Urban Elderly ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Significant Difference

This study determines and compares the influence of various demographic factors in achieving well-being of the elderly population in the rural and urban areas in Indonesia. Age, marital status, social class, perceived health and economic condition are some of the main contributing factors in measuring well-being. In addition, social aspects such as living and familial arrangement were also investigated to establish elderly population well being. Data were collected using a survey-interview method. A total of 157 elderly in the urban areas and 145 elderly in the rural areas were surveyed. A causal model of well-being was employed to analyse the data obtained. The model of well-being was then tested using path analysis to test the causal relationships among the variables. Although the study indicated that there was no significant difference of well-being between the rural and urban elderly, the social support variables generally help improve the well-being of the elderly population.

scholarly journals Academic Achievement of Adolescents In Relation To Parental Encouragement

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ms. Bilkees Abdullah Puju
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
School Students ◽  
Parental Encouragement ◽  
Significant Difference

The present aimed to investigate the academic achievement of adolescents in relation to parental encouragement. The respondents were secondary school students of district Baramulla of Kashmir. A sample of 200 secondary school students (N=100 boys and 100 girls) by employing simple random sampling. Descriptive survey method was employed; Parental Encouragement scale and Total scores of students in previous class were taken as measure of academic achievement of secondary school students, t-test and multiple correlation were employed to analyze the data. The study revealed that (a)there exists significant relationship between academic achievement and Parental Encouragement of students, (b) there is significant difference in Academic Achievement of Boys and Girls, (c) show that significant difference in Parental Encouragement of Boys and Girls students, (d) shows that the boys of urban areas achieve good Academic Achievement as compare to the boys of rural area, and(e) shows that the Girls of urban areas achieve good Academic Achievement as compare to the Academic Achievement of Girls of rural area.

scholarly journals Comparison of Functional Balance and Probability of Falling in the Elderly with and Without a History of Falling Living in Care Centers

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-143
Author(s):  
Seyyed Mojtaba Tabatabaiasl ◽  
◽  
Parisa Sedaghati ◽  
Fariba Javazi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Index ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Functional Balance ◽  
Normality Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Age Range

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare functional balance and probability of fall in elderly with or without history of fall in care centers. Methods: The statistical population of the present study consisted of 30 elderly men and women over 60 years of two elderly nursing centers in rasht. These specimens were selected according to the inclusion criteria and exit criteria. The age range was between 60 and 74 years. Individuals (15 people)were divided into two groups of aged persons (15 persons) and with a history of land (15 people). People who had no history of eating during the last six months have been knocked down in the group without a history of land eating and people who had tripped once or more in the last six months. the evaluation of the balance and the possibility of seniors fall with tests (leaves and time of rise and departure) were carried out. SPSS software was used to analyze the data. from the shayper-vink test to be natural for data distribution, descriptive statistics were used in the form of statistics such as mean, standard deviation, median, change range and direction of data describing and in the deductive statistics section with respect to comparing the variables from independent t-test. Results: Normality test results confirmed normality of data in the variables of performance equilibrium and probability of fall there was a significant difference between functional balance index in the elderly with a history of fall or without the history of fall. there was a meaningful difference between fall risk index in the elderly with a history of fall or without the history of fall. Conclusion: according to the results of this study, individuals with no history of fall in performance balance indices and probability of fall were better than those with history of fall.

scholarly journals Investigating the Effect of Advertising on Emotional Reactions of Customers (Case Study: Branches of Parsian Bank in Tehran)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hojjat Soheyli Rad
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Science And Art ◽  
Industrial Age ◽  
Brand Promotion ◽  
Commercial Advertising ◽  
Post Industrial

At the current word and in the industrial and even post-industrial age, advertising is a need. Advertising mixed of science and art can be called also as miracle industry and an industry, which can recover the industry and can also destroy industry, if it is used in wrong way. Commercial advertising, with use of modern media that are being more variable and effective over the time with wonderful speed, is not a simple marketing or notification to link consumers and suppliers anymore and is in fact a reality that can leave deep and fundamental effects on domains of human social life and on human. Therefore, the present study has investigated the effect of advertising on emotional reactions of customers in branches of Parsian Bank in Tehran. Statistical population in this study consists of customers of all branches of Parsian Bank in Tehran. Using Morgan table, 146 people were selected as sample using simple random sampling method. Data analysis was done using SPSS22 and Lisrel8.8 software. The results of the study showed that there is significant correlation between advertising and emotional reactions of customers. Moreover, the results showed that there is significant correlation between brand promotion in advertising, related news in advertising, and empathy in advertising, familiarity with advertising, confusion in advertising, and entertainment in advertising with customer emotional reactions. Moreover, there is significant correlation between enjoyable emotional reactions of customers to advertising and advantage-based value and hedonic value.

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN TINGKAT DEPRESI ANTARA LANSIA DI PEDESAAN DAN PERKOTAAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tunjung Sri Yulianti ◽  
Anggit Ike Prascika
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
The Village

AbstractElderly will fail maintaining a balance of physiological conditions, thereby increasingvulnerability to depression. Factors that influence is the socio-economic changes, socialvalues, awareness among individuals and others. More urban environment isindividualistic and socioeconomic pressures are higher, while rural areas have theeducational background lower. The results showed not a few elderly people who returnedto the village because they felt pressured by the situation in the city, the elderly should bealone in the house and no neighbors who could be invited to communicate, so it isdifficult to be happy. But there are also elderly who live in the village reveal feelingdepressed and showed signs of depression. Purpose of the study to determine the levelof depression in the elderly in urban, rural and differences in the level of depressionamong the elderly who live in rural and urban areas.Subjects were elderly who live in the village of Palur Sukoharjo and Kampung SewuSurakarta. Methods of analytical study comparative research design. Measuringinstrument used is the Geriatric Depression Scale. Test data normality using theKolmogorov-Smirnov Test. Statistical test with independent t test.The results of the study obtained significancy value of t-test (two-tailed) 0.001.Conclusion of research is significant difference in rates of depression among the elderlyin urban and rural areas, the elderly in urban areas have higher levels of depression thanelderly people in rural areasKeywords: Elderly Depression Level, Rural, Urban

scholarly journals The Differences in Executive Function, Protein Intake, and Daily Activities Function of Elderly Living in Urban and Rural Area

PSIKODIMENSIA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Christa Vidia Rana Abimanyu
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Rural Elderly ◽  
Good News ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Test Technique ◽  
Significant Difference

Person in the elderly life phase will naturally experience a decrease in bodily functions either due to natural degenarive process or disease. The brain is one part of body that has decreased function. Previous study has shown that a strong decline in executive function can reduce the ability of the elderly to plan, organize, self control, and become aware of problems, which will affect the decrease in the capacity of the elderly to carry out daily activities. The good news is, other studies have shown that the decline in brain performance can actually be inhibited by proper protein intake. Instruments used for daily activities using ADLI and IADL; executive function was measured with the TMT A and B battery test, Digit Span, and Five Point Test which have been adapted to Indonesian; nutritional status using Waist:Hip Ratio; and Protein supply using 24-h Recall. The Mann-Whitney test Technique reveals that (1) there is no difference in executive function in urban and rural elderly; (2) there is no difference in protein intake among urban and rural elderly. However, it was found that (3) there was a significant difference between ADL in Urban and rural Elderly with Z = -2.083 (p=0.0037, < 0,05) and the ADL function of the elderly in the village was higher (M=12,5) than the function. ADL among the elderly in urban areas (M=7,5)

The role of Islamic lifestyle on social security in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana N. Ivanova ◽  
Natalya A. Yushchenkо ◽  
Aygul Z. Ibatova ◽  
Akbar Bahmani
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Important Principle ◽  
Linear Structural Relations

Despite the historical realm of security, this concept has been proposed as a social issue only in the modern era and has been tried to be studied empirically. In fact, Islam has considered social security as an important principle in human life and has made other issues dependent on social security. Therefore, the most important issue of urbanisation is social security. Those who commit social offences often do not have a positive view of their society and sometimes of the whole creation and regard social systems and sometimes the universe unhealthy and deviating. In addition, they think that they cannot obtain their true right in an acceptable and natural routine. Islam, along with warning and fear, which can eliminate the root and origin of sin and deviation, has emphasised and encouraged the heavenly reward and worldly happiness. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the role of Islamic lifestyle in social security in Volga Region in Russia. Hence, 10 000 citizens were selected as the statistical population by simple random sampling method. The data have been analysed by Linear Structural Relations (LISREL) software. The participants’ opinions indicated that the Islamic lifestyle plays a significant role in improving social security (P = 0.756; T = 12.453). Therefore, by implementing Islamic teachings in their lives, one will not only have a balanced and meaningful personal life but also security, order and participation will establish social life and society.Contribution: This article contributes to the role of Islamic lifestyle in social security in Volga Region in Russia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document