scholarly journals Management of Diseases Induced by Soil- Borne Pathogens, Solarization and Biological Control

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
C. Alabouvette
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Soil Borne Pathogens ◽  
Beneficial Microorganisms ◽  
Antagonistic Microorganisms ◽  
Infested Field ◽  
Selection Of

Diseases induced by soil-borne plant pathogens are among the most difficult to control. Prophylactic methods aiming at preventing the introduction of pathogens in healthy soils have to be respected, because it is almost impossible to eradicate pathogens from an infested field soil. Even the drastic disinfestation techniques based on the application of biocide molecules such as methylbromide failed to eliminate the pathogens, but are harmful to man and the environment. Growers should prefer new, environment friendly techniques such as solarization and biological disinfestation of soils. These methods induce changes in the microbial balance, reducing the population density of the pathogens and stimulating the activity of some beneficial microorganisms. The study of soils that naturally suppress diseases induced by soil-borne pathogens has led to a better understanding of the interactions between pathogenic and antagonistic microorganisms and has resulted in the selection of bio control agents.

scholarly journals Exploration and Identification Trichoderma spp. as a Biological Control Agents to Plant Pathogens and Starter Making Biological Fertilizers

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-226
Author(s):  
Henny V.G. Makal ◽  
Max M. Ratulangi ◽  
Denny S. Sualang
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Trichoderma Species ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Biological Fertilizer

The objectives of this study are: (1) to inventory Trichoderma spp. in North Minahasa District, South Minahasa District, and Tomohon City-Minahasa District, (2) inventory of Trichoderma spp. in the rhizosphere of cultivated and fallow gardens, and (3) calculate the population density of Trichoderma spp. all soil samples. The scope of this study is the biological control of plant pathogens, induce plant resistance, and biological fertilizer production. Trichoderma isolation spp. has been carried out by dilution method and cultured on PDA + antibiotics. Population density of Trichoderma spp. calculated using the plate calculation method. Identification of this species function based on the color and patterns of sporulation in the colony; hyphae and clamydospores; conidiophores; and phialides and phialospores. Trichoderma species found in North Minahasa District were T. harzianum, T. koningii, and T. viride; in South Minahasa District, T. koningii and T. viride; and in Tomohon City-Minahasa District, T. koningii and T. viride. In fallow gardens were T. harzianum, T. koningii, and T. viride, and in cultivated gardens were T. koningii and T. viride. Population densities of Trichoderma sp. in South Minahasa District, North Minahasa District, and Tomohon City-Minahasa District, respectively 1,363.64, 466.67, and 26.67 CFU / g soil.

scholarly journals Selection of antagonists for biocontrol of Xanthomonas euvesicatoria

2020 ◽  
pp. 181-189
Author(s):  
Ivana Pajcin ◽  
Vanja Vlajkov ◽  
Dragoljub Cvetkovic ◽  
Maja Ignjatov ◽  
Mila Grahovac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Spot ◽  
Cultivation Medium ◽  
Microbial Strains ◽  
Xanthomonas Euvesicatoria ◽  
Selection Of

Xanthomonas euvesicatoria is a worldwide causer of pepper bacterial spot, a bacterial plant disease responsible for massive losses of fresh pepper fruits. Considering the current problems in management of bacterial plant diseases, biological control using antagonistic microbial strains with high potential for plant pathogens suppression emerges as a possible solution. The aim of this study was to select suitable antagonists for suppression of X. euvesicatoria among the bacteria, yeast and fungi from the genera Pseudomonas, Lactobacillus, Saccharomyces and Trichoderma, based on in vitro antimicrobial activity testing using the diffusion disc method. The results of this study have revealed that cultivation broth samples of the antagonists Lactobacillus MK3 and Trichoderma reseii QM 9414, as well as supernatant samples of the antagonist Pseudomonas aeruginosa I128, have showed significant potential to be applied in biological control of X. euvesicatoria. Further research would be required to formulate suitable cultivation medium and optimize bioprocess conditions for production of the proposed pepper bacterial spot biocontrol agents.

scholarly journals 644 PB 404 SELECTION OF MICROORGANISMS FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF FUSARIUM SPP. IN ASPARAGUS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 525a-525
Author(s):  
Marshall K. Elson ◽  
John F. Kelly ◽  
Muraleedharan G. Nair
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Selection Of Microorganisms ◽  
Selection Of

Actinomycetes were isolated from asparagus field soil and bioassayed against Fusarium spp. in petri dishes. Extracts of the active organisms were bioassayed to determine if inhibition was caused by competition or antibiosis. The most active, antibiotic-producing organism was inoculated into test tubes with asparagus and Fusarium and evaluated for disease control. Asparagus seedlings were dipped in actinomycete suspension before planting in Fusarium-infested soil. These seedlings were evaluated for disease incidence after 8 weeks. Asparagus crowns could be dipped in actinomycete suspension before planting in the field.

Biopesticides: Use of Rhizosphere Bacteria for Biological Control of Plant Pathogens

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyavir S Sindhu ◽  
Anju Sehrawat ◽  
Ruchi Sharma ◽  
Anupma Dahiya
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Genetic Enhancement ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Antagonistic Microorganisms

The pesticides used to control pests and diseases are also implicated in ecological, environmental and human health hazards. To reduce the deleterious effects of these agrochemicals, certain antagonistic microorganisms have been characterised from rhizosphere of different crop plants that suppress various plant diseases and thus, minimize the use of pesticides. The application of these specific antagonistic microorganisms in biological control of soilborne pathogens has been studied intensively in the last two decades. These beneficial rhizosphere microorganisms inhibit the pathogenic bacteria and fungi by producing antibiotics, bacteriocins, siderophores, hydrolytic enzymes and other secondary metabolites. The efficiency of these biocontrol products can be improved by manipulation of the environment, using mixtures of beneficial organisms, physiological and genetic enhancement of the biocontrol mechanisms, manipulation of formulations and integration of biocontrol with other alternative methods that provide additive effects. These biocontrol agents could be effectively utilised in sustainable agriculture for improving growth of crop plants.

scholarly journals Selection of Antagonistic Microorganisms against Plant Pathogens from Eco-friendly Formulations

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guen-Hye Gang ◽  
Jae-Yul Cha ◽  
Bit-Na Heo ◽  
Og-Sun Yi ◽  
Yong-Bok Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Antagonistic Microorganisms ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Microbial antagonists against plant pathogens in Iran: A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 404-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Alizadeh ◽  
Yalda Vasebi ◽  
Naser Safaie
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Plant Disease Management ◽  
Published Research

AbstractThe purpose of this article was to give a comprehensive review of the published research works on biological control of different fungal, bacterial, and nematode plant diseases in Iran from 1992 to 2018. Plant pathogens cause economical loss in many agricultural products in Iran. In an attempt to prevent these serious losses, chemical control measures have usually been applied to reduce diseases in farms, gardens, and greenhouses. In recent decades, using the biological control against plant diseases has been considered as a beneficial and alternative method to chemical control due to its potential in integrated plant disease management as well as the increasing yield in an eco-friendly manner. Based on the reported studies, various species of Trichoderma, Pseudomonas, and Bacillus were the most common biocontrol agents with the ability to control the wide range of plant pathogens in Iran from lab to the greenhouse and field conditions.

scholarly journals The Potential of Rhizoctonia-Like Fungi for the Biological Protection of Cereals against Fungal Pathogens

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Dominik Bleša ◽  
Pavel Matušinský ◽  
Romana Sedmíková ◽  
Milan Baláž
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Organic Substrates

The use of biological control is becoming a common practice in plant production. One overlooked group of organisms potentially suitable for biological control are Rhizoctonia-like (Rh-like) fungi. Some of them are capable of forming endophytic associations with a large group of higher plants as well as mycorrhizal symbioses. Various benefits of endophytic associations were proved, including amelioration of devastating effects of pathogens such as Fusarium culmorum. The advantage of Rh-like endophytes over strictly biotrophic mycorrhizal organisms is the possibility of their cultivation on organic substrates, which makes their use more suitable for production. We focused on abilities of five Rh-like fungi isolated from orchid mycorrhizas, endophytic fungi Serendipita indica, Microdochium bolleyi and pathogenic Ceratobasidium cereale to inhibit the growth of pathogenic F. culmorum or Pyrenophora teres in vitro. We also analysed their suppressive effect on wheat infection by F. culmorum in a growth chamber, as well as an effect on barley under field conditions. Some of the Rh-like fungi affected the growth of plant pathogens in vitro, then the interaction with plants was tested. Beneficial effect was especially noted in the pot experiments, where wheat plants were negatively influenced by F. culmorum. Inoculation with S. indica caused higher dry shoot biomass in comparison to plants treated with fungicide. Prospective for future work are the effects of these endophytes on plant signalling pathways, factors affecting the level of colonization and surviving of infectious particles.

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