scholarly journals HUMAN TRAFFICKING AND HUMAN SECURITY IN SOUTHEAST ASIA: A CASE STUDY OF BANGLADESHI FOREIGN WORKERS IN MALAYSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-155
Author(s):  
Norliza Dolhan ◽  
Zarina@Zairina Othman ◽  
Nor Azizan Idris
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Interview Session ◽  
Universal Approach ◽  
Illegal Activities

Background and Purpose: In the modern globalisation epoch, security threats no longer concern the state’s hostilities, military operation, or nuclear proliferation. It involves non-traditional menaces like human trafficking, which is believed to escalate quickly. The goal of this research is to identify human trafficking activities and to reveal the experiences of victims in the Southeast Asia region, particularly in Malaysia.   Methodology: This study used a qualitative method through a case study approach. It involved an in-depth interview session with five primary informants (represented as Cases 1 to 5) who were the victims of human trafficking from Bangladesh, a government officer from related agency, two local academicians and a representative of Bangladesh foreign workers’ vending system company.   Findings: The study discovered that human trafficking crimes produce detrimental effects on the survival of the victims, especially on the economic and individual security aspect. Their wages are not fully paid and their freedom to socialize is restricted.   Contribution: This study calls for policy formulation and policy implementation to protect the interest and security of people despite their citizenship which is considered the most trustworthy, relevant and universal approach in rectifying these illegal activities within Southeast Asia region especially in Malaysia. Keywords: Bangladesh, labour migration, human security, human trafficking.   Cite as: Dolhan, N., Othman, Z., & Idris, N. A. (2021). Human trafficking and human security in Southeast Asia: A case study of Bangladeshi foreign workers in Malaysia. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 6(1), 136-155. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol6iss1pp136-155

scholarly journals Causes of Conflict in Organizations: A Case of Takoradi Polytechnic

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-137
Author(s):  
Sarah Morrison ◽  
Samuel Sundong .
Keyword(s):  
Staff Training ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Training And Development ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Junior Staff

The study explored the various causes of conflicts in organizations. The objectives of the study was to find out the nature, types and factors that lead to staff related conflicts in organizations especially tertiary educational institutions. To achieve the objectives, researchers employed the case study approach using Takoradi Polytechnic as the case study. It also involved the use of interview and questionnaire as the data collection instruments for the study. Researchers used the purposive and simple random sampling techniques to select the respondents. A sample size of 276 out of 736 of the population was selected for the study. This constitutes (36%) of the population. The sample was made up of 109 junior staff, 96 senior staff and 71 senior members. These three groups of staff from different departments were randomly and purposively invited to participate in the study. The study would be of immense benefit to management of institutions especially educational institutions since it would inform them of possible conflict that could arise. It would also inform policy formulation and staff training and development programs. It was discovered after the study that there were various conflicts in the organization which could be grouped into intra-personal, interpersonal and inter-group conflicts. These were as a result of the competing for limited resources, power struggle, differences in behavior among others. It recommends the education of staff through workshops and seminars on the differences that leads to conflicts, provision of resources and infrastructure that could mitigate the competition of resources among others.

scholarly journals THE INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT’S ROLE IN COMBATING HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN INDONESIA (CASE STUDY 2014-2019)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 458
Author(s):  
Victoria Advenita ◽  
Ningsih Susilawati ◽  
Andrea Kurnadi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Role Theory ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Security Issue ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Fundamental Objective

<p>Based on the fluctuating trend of human trafficking cases which is considered as still high in number, the Government of Indonesia should take serious action in combating these issues in Indonesia to protect the human rights of Indonesian citizens. The human security issue and actions taken by the Government of Indonesia will be the fundamental objective of this research. The theoretical framework used to analyze the issue in this study is the theory of Human Security, Role Theory, and the concept of Human Trafficking. To analyze the data, this study will use qualitative methods. The results show that the government has succeeded in managing several steps that are useful to increase awareness in cooperation and coordination between state institutions. The government has also kept the cooperation well with several foreign states and external parties to eradicate human trafficking not only in Indonesia but also in the international sphere.</p>

scholarly journals Examining the Human Security Challenges Emanating from the Weaponisation of Women. A Case study of Boko Haram and the Islamic State 2001-2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 423-451
Author(s):  
Norman Sempijja ◽  
Collin Olebogeng-Mongale
Keyword(s):  
Human Security ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
Post Cold War ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Asymmetric Conflicts ◽  
Suicide Attacks

The post-cold war period has witnessed an evolution in the nature of conflict from the new wars of the 1990s to asymmetric conflicts involving the weaponisation of civilians. This has achieved the twin objective of operating within the ranks of the combatants (in the case of women) as wives and child-bearers of the fighters, and inflicting harm on adversaries through suicide attacks. The weaponisation of women in the case of the wars in Syria and Nigeria has therefore elicited both human security challenges for the communities being targeted, and for the weaponised women. The biggest dilemma facing states of origin has been whether to accept the weaponised women’s return and rehabilitate them or declare them stateless. There has been a clear tendency to securitise them, especially when internal political dynamics are factored in. This qualitative study uses a case study approach to delve into the human security challenges emanating from the weaponisation of women in the case of Boko Haram and the Islamic State between 2001 and 2018. The paper further relies on content analysis to delve deeper into the discourse on human security. Through the use of a human security conceptual framework and securitisation theory, the paper argues that although once weaponised, some women become human security threats to targeted communities, and also face human security challenges during and after the insurgency, there is a need to deal with the women on a case-by-case basis rather than pursuing a blanket policy of securitising them. States need to work with international organisations to action processes aimed at delivering justice, demobilisation, rehabilitation, and the reintegration of these women. This will uphold international law and respect for human rights.

scholarly journals ASEAN Mechanism for Human Security Problems in Southeast Asia: What's Wrong?

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 521
Author(s):  
Natalia Yeti Puspita
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Human Security ◽  
State Sovereignty ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Cross National ◽  
National Borders

Since the flow of goods and services begins to cross national borders, threats to human security do not originate solely from war. The era of traditional security has begun to shift towards non-traditional security or human security. In this concept, threats to security are directed directly at humans such as natural disasters, epidemics, drugs and human trafficking, and terrorism. Southeast Asia is the region most vulnerable to natural disasters. Relations between countries in this region are under the auspices of ASEAN. ASEAN Way is an ASEAN mechanism based on the principle of state sovereignty and non-intervention. ASEAN Way and Human Security are two different concepts. The ASEAN mechanism cannot be applied absolutely to overcome natural disasters that are massive, cross-border and occur in areas of armed conflict in Southeast Asia. In this case, it is necessary to broaden understanding of the nature of the principle of state sovereignty and non-intervention.Keywords: ASEAN Mechanism, Human Security, Southeast Asia 

The Political Ecology of Pollution Enforcement in China: A Case from Sichuan's Rural Industrial Sector

2007 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 915-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Tilt
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Competing Values ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Administrative Unit ◽  
Rural Enterprises

AbstractThis article uses a case study approach to examine the processes and consequences of pollution enforcement in an industrial township in rural Sichuan. China's national pollution emissions standards are relatively strict, but enforcement is the responsibility of some 2,500 Environmental Protection Bureaus (EPBs) within municipal and county governments. EPB officials exercise considerable discretion in prioritizing and carrying out enforcement activities, but exactly what factors influence regulatory behaviour within EPBs is poorly understood. Data for the article are drawn from interviews with EBP officials, township government officials, industrial managers and local residents, as well as a review of township and district financial records and pollution enforcement records. In this case study, EPB enforcement priorities and actions were guided by State Council directives and State Environmental Protection Administration policy, but citizen complaints and media exposure regarding polluting factories also played a key role, and action culminated in the forced closure of township factories. The article uses political ecology as an analytical framework for understanding how pollution enforcement is shaped by the competing values, goals and priorities within the EPB and the administrative unit in which it operates. This is crucial in China, where the decentralized nature of environmental oversight requires an examination of both policy formulation and implementation. The implications of pollution enforcement on rural enterprises for ecological health, fiscal revenue and rural development are also discussed.

scholarly journals The Impact of Human Trafficking in ASEAN: Singapore as a Case-Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaya ANIL KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Trafficking In Persons ◽  
Contentious Issue ◽  
Asean Member ◽  
Enforcement Mechanisms ◽  
Trafficking Victims ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSoutheast Asia remains a notorious hotbed for human trafficking. The seriousness of the problem has led to the emergence of various initiatives to combat human trafficking. This paper seeks to address why human trafficking in Southeast Asia remains a contentious issue despite the various initiatives put in place for its eradication. ASEAN Member States, including Singapore, can only resolve the current inertia when it comes to combatting trafficking-in-persons (TIP) by adopting a multidimensional, and multistakeholder approach to the problem. Within Singapore, it is recommended that the Prevention of Human Trafficking Act should be amended such that it provides greater protection for all types of trafficking victims. At the regional level, there is a need for greater collaboration and co-ordination amongst ASEAN bodies in tackling human trafficking, which must be accompanied by comprehensive monitoring, compliance, and enforcement mechanisms.

scholarly journals Actor Intervention in Influencing Environmental Policy Formulation: The Case Study of Shrimp Farming Relocation Policy in Yogyakarta

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-198
Author(s):  
Luqyana Amanta Pritasari ◽  
Bevaola Kusumasari
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Political Strategy ◽  
Policy Actors ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Official Policy

This research aims to see how policy is formulated by policy actors. This study revealed how official policy actors and non-official policy actors can influence a public policy formulation because of its significant contribution. The research method used was a qualitative method with a case study approach to the policy of relocating shrimp farming in Bantul Regency. Analysis of actors and political strategy typologies, namely positioning strategies; power strategy; player strategy; and perceptual strategies were used in this study. The research found that bargaining power occurred between actors in the form of negotiations and each actor carried out his own political strategy. In addition, this study was expected to overcome the ignorance of various parties regarding the process behind the formulation of policy. The implication to many people was to inform that formulation makers were not only from government and its increased community involvement in policy formulation. Keywords: Policy Actors’ Role, Policy Formulation, Intervention Abstrak Penelitian ini berusaha untuk melihat bagaimana suatu kebijakan di formulasikan atau dirumuskan oleh para aktor. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan khusus untuk mengungkap dan menganalisa bagaimana para pemeran resmi (aktor negara) dan pemeran tidak resmi (aktor non negara) dapat memengaruhi sebuah formulasi kebijakan publik dikarenakan aktor memiliki kontribusi yang signifikan dalam formulasi kebijakan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus kebijakan relokasi tambak udang di Kabupaten Bantul. Analisis aktor dan tipologi strategi politik, yaitu strategi posisi; strategi kekuasaan; strategi pemain; dan strategi persepsi digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Terjadi tawar-menawar (bargaining) antar aktor dalam bentuk negosiasi dan setiap aktor melakukan strategi politiknya masing-masing. Selain itu, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mengatasi ketidaktahuan berbagai pihak mengenai proses dibalik pembentukan sebuah kebijakan. Implikasi kepada masyarakat banyak adalah agar masyarakat mengerti bahwa aktor perumusan tidak hanya dari pemerintah dan meningkatkan keterlibatan masyarakat dalam perumusan kebijakan. Kata Kunci: Peran Aktor Kebijakan, Formulasi Kebijakan, Keterlibatan

scholarly journals From farm to fork: cultivation, postharvest and processing of strawberry in Japan

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S1) ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
R. Shamsudin ◽  
H.Z. Hamzah ◽  
S. Kawamura ◽  
E. Yasunaga ◽  
A.A. Kamarul Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Interview Session ◽  
Postharvest Processing

Strawberry cultivated in Japan widely known for its sweet and soft nature which regards as premium fruits in Japan. The objective of the present study was to give an overview of strawberry cultivation, and postharvest processing in selected manufacturers and farms in Nagano, and Hokkaido, Japan. The information was obtained through an interview session, and questionnaire distribution. Case study approach was used to obtain data. The cultivation of strawberries in Japan at the selected study area was mainly planted in the greenhouse under controlled temperature to maintain the quality and yield of strawberries. The strawberries in all the selected farm used manual grading process during the strawberry picking process. Processing of strawberries into other products was often done in small-scale by farmers and sold directly from the farm and distributed to other local seller and supermarket which portrayed “from farm to fork” practice. Strawberries processed into products such as jam, drinks and ingredients in bakery goods were labelled as premium products sold in special shops in Japan. Japan’s Strawberries and strawberrybased products produced by the larger manufacturer were able to penetrate the Hong Kong, Malaysia and Thailand market.

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