scholarly journals Assessment and Optimization for Urban Planning Projects

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya A. Hasan ◽  
Walid Mustafa Khamas ◽  
Hafeth I. Naji
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Fuzzy Topsis ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Indirect Contact ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Topsis Technique

After increasing the wheel of progress obviously in recent years in all areas, especially in urban planning projects. This led to the increasing need for a scientific and developing method to organize data processing by choosing the optimized master plan for cities. So, the importance of the process of selecting the optimized master plan of economic, environmental and social because of the indirect contact with the people, so the need arises to seek for the best methods that assist in the evaluation and selection of urban planning projects and decision-making by selecting the optimized master plan. One of the methods is the Fuzzy AHP and Fuzzy TOPSIS. This research concentrates on Fuzzy TOPSIS technique which helps to make the best decisions through choosing the optimized master plan for cities. This research aims to evaluate the alternatives to master plan of cities and select the best ones. To achieve the objectives of the research, the data collected from the literature reviews that dealt with themes of urban planning and Fuzzy TOPSIS technique as well as the personal interviews with specialists. The results showed through the data analysis of the sample that the third alternative (Muqdadiyah urban and agricultural center) has received the largest relative importance compared to other alternatives. In the end, a set of conclusions and recommendations were drawn such as the absence of an administrative system capable of evaluating and selecting the optimized master plan with less time and cost. It was found through using the technical research that time and cost of the evaluation and selection obviously significantly were reduced among the alternatives.Corrosion inhibition of low carbon steel, stainless steel types 316 and 304 in hydrochloric acid by potassium iodide was investigated at different temperatures using weight loss and polarization electrochemical techniques

scholarly journals Some Properties of High Strength Sustainable Concrete Containing Glass Powder Waste

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-32
Author(s):  
Wasan I. Khalil ◽  
Nazar F. Al-Obeidy
Keyword(s):  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Natural Pozzolan ◽  
Glass Waste ◽  
Sustainable Concrete ◽  
Glass Wastes

This investigation includes the use of glass wastes after recycling to produce high strength sustainable concrete. The glass waste used is prepared to be a natural Pozzolan class (N) according to ASTM C618 with fineness of about 7340 cm2/gm. Many concrete mixes with different percentages of glass waste powder as a partial replacement by weight of cement (10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%) were prepared to study some properties of concrete (compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and modulus of elasticity at 60 day age). The test results indicate that the mechanical properties of concrete are improved with the increase of glass waste powder up to 15%, and then decreased. The maximum percentages of increase for compressive, splitting tensile, flexural strengths, and modulus of elasticity are 13.29%, 36.27%, 34.68%, and 8.2% respectively relative to the reference for concrete specimens containing 15% glass waste powder as a replacement by weight of cement.Corrosion inhibition of low carbon steel, stainless steel types 316 and 304 in hydrochloric acid by potassium iodide was investigated at different temperatures using weight loss and polarization electrochemical techniques

Phenylcoumarin Glucoside as a Natural Inhibitor in the Protection of Low Carbon Steel Against Corrosion

MRS Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (62) ◽  
pp. 3909-3915
Author(s):  
Héctor M. Barbosa Cásarez ◽  
Araceli Espinoza Vázquez ◽  
Francisco J. Rodríguez-Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Inhibition Efficiency ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Natural Inhibitor ◽  
Polarization Studies

AbstractPhenylcoumarin glucoside (4-PC) is a compound extracted from the plant Hintona latiflora and was studied as inhibitor for AISI 1018 steel corrosion in 3% NaCl solution using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques, which may find application as eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors. The 4-PC provides inhibitor properties that protect AISI 1018 low carbon steel against corrosion at low concentrations (5 ppm) obtained by EIS. Polarization studies showed that the inhibitor was of mixed type. The inhibition efficiency by the two electrochemical techniques shows similar results. The inhibitor adsorption was demonstrated to be a combined process (physisorption and chemisorption) according to the Langmuir isotherm.

scholarly journals Use of the PVM Method Computed in Vector Space of Increments in Decision Aiding Related to Urban Development

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Kannchen ◽  
Paweł Ziemba ◽  
Mariusz Borawski
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Vector Space ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Fuzzy Topsis ◽  
Preference Ranking ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Vector Method ◽  
Decision Aiding ◽  
Topsis Technique ◽  
Hierarchy Process

The paper presents a possibility to use a new PVM-VSI (Preference Vector Method computed in Vector Space of Increments) method in making decisions that demand that different variants should be considered, while being evaluated with respect to different criteria. Hence, knowledge about them is a must, and that knowledge is not necessarily available quantitatively, whereas the very evaluation should be relatively objective; that is, independent from the decision maker’s preferences or opinions. The paper presents the use of the PVM-VSI method in support decisions related to urban development—to rank projects submitted for implementation within the framework of a citizen budget. The ranking will make it feasible to determine which of the submitted projects will have the dominant influence on the town’s sustainable development, and, subsequently, which ones should be presented to citizens as the better ones out of the projects submitted, and to compare the method mentioned with methods used in similar decision-making problems in the past: Fuzzy AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), Fuzzy TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution), and Fuzzy PROMETHEE (Preference Ranking Organization METHod for Enrichment of Evaluation).

scholarly journals Performance of Methyl-5-Benzoyl-2-Benzimidazole Carbamate (Mebendazole) as Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Dilute Sulphuric Acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. O. Edoziuno ◽  
A. A. Adediran ◽  
B. U. Odoni ◽  
M. Oki ◽  
P. P. Ikubanni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Inhibition Efficiency ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Inhibitive Action

The inhibitive effect of mebendazole (MBZ) on the corrosion of low-carbon steel in H2SO4 was investigated by gravimetric and electrochemical techniques as well as examination of specimens in the scanning electron microscope with attached energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). From gravimetric analysis, the highest inhibition efficiency of about 96.6% was obtained for 1.0 g of inhibitor in H2SO4 solution at 24 h, while with longer exposure times of between 72 to 120 h, the efficiencies averaged between 92 and 95%. Tafel extrapolations from the polarization curves showed that 1.0 g MBZ gave a maximum inhibition efficiency of approximately 99% for the investigation conducted at 30°C, whereas 1.5 g of MBZ gave a maximum inhibition efficiency of about 85% at 60°C. Inhibition efficiency increased with increasing concentrations of MBZ and decreased at elevated temperatures. The inhibitive action was attributed to physical adsorption of MBZ species on the mild steel surface which followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. MBZ performed as a mixed-type inhibitor on mild steel in dilute H2SO4.

Effect of Cooling Condition after Warm Rolling on the Development of Microstructure and Texture in an ELC Steel

2005 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 259-264
Author(s):  
Arunansu Haldar ◽  
R.K. Ray ◽  
A.J. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Warm Rolling ◽  
The Other ◽  
Texture Development ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Deformation Bands ◽  
Cooling Conditions ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Rolling Temperatures

The microstructure and texture development in an extra low carbon steel during warm rolling (~ 80%) in a single pass at four different temperatures and at two different cooling conditions were studied. The g fibre texture develops at lower warm rolling temperatures (500 °C and 600 °C) and a very weak a fibre develops at higher rolling temperatures (700 °C and 800 °C). Very little or no difference in microstructure and texture development was observed under two cooling conditions at four rolling temperatures. No significant effect of cooling rates could be found at higher temperatures of rolling due to very fast static recrystallisation after rolling which also caused the weakening of texture. On the other hand deformation bands produced at low temperatures rolling helped in forming strong g fibre textures.

scholarly journals Structure of Zinc Coating on Steels Formed by Diffusion Saturation in Nitrogen-Containing Atmosphere

2021 ◽  
Vol 346 ◽  
pp. 02022
Author(s):  
Larisa Petrova ◽  
Peter Demin ◽  
Galina Timofeeva ◽  
Khushnuda Sharifhodgaeva
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Coating ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Saturation Temperature ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Zone Structure ◽  
Diffusion Layers ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Zinc Coatings

Diffusion technique of metallization is applied for receiving of zinc coatings on low-carbon steel with transitional zone. Structure of diffusion zinc layers after saturation of 09Mn2Si steel in ammonia at different temperatures is examined. Effects on saturation temperature on thickness of diffusion layers are discovered. Process at 600⁰C forms diffusion layers with high strengthening level and with smooth microhardness profiles. Elements (Fe, Zn, N) spectrums are analyzed, and phase composition of zinc coating and of transitional zone is determined.

Influence of Thermal Condition of ECAP on Microstructure Evolution in Low Carbon Steel

2007 ◽  
Vol 558-559 ◽  
pp. 611-616
Author(s):  
Jozef Zrník ◽  
Sergey V. Dobatkin ◽  
Libor Kraus
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Submicrocrystalline Structure ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Dislocation Network ◽  
Strength Increase ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Different Temperatures

Commercial low carbon steel AISI 1010 was subjected to Equal Angular Channel Pressing (ECAP) at different temperatures. The paper describes the refinement of the coarse grained ferrite microstructure to submicrocrystalline range by large plastic strain. The steel was deformed in an ECAP tool with a channel angle φ = 90°, at different temperature in the ranging between 150 – 300°C. The number of passes at each temperature was N = 3. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to study the formation of substructure and ultrafine grains in the deformed specimens. The TEM study reveals that at the lowest ECAP temperature of 150°C extensively elongated ferrite grains with dense dislocation network dominate in the structure. The randomly scattered polygonized subgrains have been observed. The activation of dynamic recovery process, even at the lowest temperature of equal channel pressing, contributed to the formation of individual polygonized grains. As the temperature of ECAP processing was increased the process of dynamic polygonization and recrystallization occurred more effectively and the submicrocrystalline structure was formed by sectioning of elongated ferrite grains. The formation of such predominant submicrocrystalline structure resulted in strength increase of the low carbon steel.

Formation of Ferrite-Cementite Ultrafine Grained Microstructure by Warm Compression for SM490 Martensite Steel

2007 ◽  
Vol 558-559 ◽  
pp. 539-544
Author(s):  
J.H. Li ◽  
Ping Guang Xu ◽  
Yo Tomota ◽  
Yoshitaka Adachi
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Recrystallization ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Block Size ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Orientation Imaging ◽  
Ultrafine Grained ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Dynamic Recrystallization Behavior ◽  
Ultrafine Grained Microstructure

The low carbon steel, SM490 was austenized at different temperatures followed by quenching into water to obtain martensite microstructures with different grain sizes. Then specimens were heated up to 600°C followed by warm-compression at έ=1.7x10-3 s-1 (strain rate) to investigate the dynamic recrystallization behavior. The influence of pre-tempering before compression was also investigated. The microstructure observations were performed with FE-SEM and orientation imaging analysis with EBSD. It is confirmed that the dynamic recrystallization occurred in the tempered martensite as well as the as-quenched marteniste, resulting in fine grained ferrite microstructure with about 2μm. The dynamic recrystallization grain size is hardly dependent on the block size of initial martensite.

scholarly journals A Hybrid Framework to Prioritize the Performance Metrics of Reconfigurable Manufacturing System: An Integrated Fuzzy AHP–TOPSIS approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Pansare ◽  
GUNJAN YADAV ◽  
Madhukar R Nagare
Keyword(s):  
Lead Time ◽  
Manufacturing System ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Fuzzy Topsis ◽  
Reconfigurable Manufacturing ◽  
Reconfigurable Manufacturing System ◽  
Hybrid Framework ◽  
Topsis Technique

Abstract The Reconfigurable Manufacturing System (RMS) meets the challenges of dynamic customer demands, technological advancements, and reducing lead time, among other things. It is necessary to have a framework that can assist in increasing RMS adoption as well as evaluating its performance. The present study seeks to develop a hybrid framework for prioritizing performance metrics of RMS that helps the designers of the manufacturing system in decision making. A total of 31 indicators for RMS are identified through a literature survey, the weight of each indicator is computed by Fuzzy-AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method and the Fuzzy-TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) method is used to prioritize 22 performance metrics of RMS. The findings of the presented study reveal that among all the main indicators; smart factory indicators have the highest weightage followed by strategy and policy indicators. The prioritization of performance metrics shows that lead time, reconfiguration time, and product flexibility are the top three most important performance metrics for RMS. The feasibility and appropriateness of the framework is tested through a case application of the manufacturing organization. The framework developed has a high capacity to assist designers during the adoption of the RMS and will facilitate the identification of the relevant parameters. Authors believe that researchers and professionals will find this study as a ready reference for stepwise adoption of RMS. The study presented here is likely the first to present a hybrid framework in which a set of indicators and performance metrics are presented together.

scholarly journals INTEGRATED APPROACH OF FUZZY MULTI-ATTRIBUTE DECISION MAKING AND DATA MINING FOR CUSTOMER SEGMENTATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 174-188
Author(s):  
Manidatta Ray ◽  
Mamata Ray ◽  
Kamalakanta Muduli ◽  
Audrius Banaitis ◽  
Anil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Fuzzy Topsis ◽  
Ideal Solution ◽  
Fuzzy C Means ◽  
Order Preference ◽  
Multi Attribute Decision Making ◽  
Topsis Technique

This research work focuses on integrating the multi attribute decision making with data mining in a fuzzy decision environment for customer relationship management. The main objective is to analyse the relation between multi attribute decision making and data mining considering a complex problem of ordering customers segments, which is based on four criteria of customer’s life time value, viz. length (L), recency (R), frequency (F) and monetary value (M). The proposed integrated approach involves fuzzy C-means (FCM) cluster analysis as data mining tool. The experiment conducted using MATLAB 12.0 for identifying eight clusters of customers. The two multi attribute decision making tools i.e., fuzzy AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) and fuzzy TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) are used for ranking these identified clusters. The applicability of the integrated decision making technique is also demonstrated in this paper considering the case of Indian retail sector. This research collected responses from nine experts from Indian retail industry regarding their perception of relative importance of four criteria of customer life value and evaluated weights of each criterion using fuzzy AHP. Transaction data of 18 months of the case retail store was analysed to segment 1,600 customers into eight clusters using fuzzy c-means clustering analysis technique. Finally, these eight clusters were ranked using fuzzy TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution). The findings of this research could be helpful for firms in identifying the more valuable customers for them and allocate more resources to satisfy them. The findings will be also helpful in developing different loyalty program strategies for customers of different clusters.

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