scholarly journals Transformation of the Image of Japan in Murzilka Magazine in the 20th century

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Mariya Gromova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Spiritual Culture ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Tea Ceremony ◽  
Class Nature

The image of Japan in the children’s magazine “Murzilka” has been changing depending on the relations between the USSR and Japan and the development of interliterary ties during the 20th century. During the period of the Japanese invasion to Manchuria and the Lake Khasan Battle, abstract “Japanese” are presented as aggressors, fascists, encroaching on the Soviet borders. The class nature of the Japanese-Chinese conflicts is emphasized. During the period of the Khrushchev Thaw Japan turns out to be a country with an interesting and unique culture. There are published poems and songs of Japanese poets, fairy tales, descriptions of folk holidays and everyday life, “paper theater” kamishibai there. In the first decade after the collapse of the Soviet Union, Japan mesmerizes “Murzilka”’s readers with the unity of material and spiritual culture, presented in ikebana, origami and tea ceremony. It is a country that exists beyond time, and the basis of Japanese life is formed by ancient traditions and exquisite holidays.

Introduction to Leonhard Lapin's “Objective Art”

ARTMargins ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-171
Author(s):  
Andres Kurg
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Experimental Biology ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Active Intervention ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Artificial Environment

Leonhard Lapin's “Objective Art” was written for “Event Harku '75. Objects, Concepts” – an exhibtion and an accompanying symposium on the premises of the Institute of Experimental Biology in Harku, near Tallinn, Estonia, in December 1975. Objective art, in the artist's mind, answered to the industrialization and urbanization of the late 20th century, to the growing significance of not only mechanical but also electronic machines in everyday life, and to the emergence of the so-called artificial environment. Rather than representing this environment, new art had to intervene in it or even produce it. Lapin's call was quite different from other reactions to the changing postindustrial environment in the mid 1970s in the Soviet Union in that instead of active intervention many of them proposed withdrawal as the most appropriate tactics to resist the grim surrounding reality.

Objective Art

ARTMargins ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-185
Author(s):  
Leonhard Lapin
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Experimental Biology ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Active Intervention ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Artificial Environment

Leonhard Lapin's “Objective Art” was written for “Event Harku '75. Objects, Concepts” – an exhibtion and an accompanying symposium on the premises of the Institute of Experimental Biology in Harku, near Tallinn, Estonia, in December 1975. Objective art, in the artist's mind, answered to the industrialization and urbanization of the late 20th century, to the growing significance of not only mechanical but also electronic machines in everyday life, and to the emergence of the so-called artificial environment. Rather than representing this environment, new art had to intervene in it or even produce it. Lapin's call was quite different from other reactions to the changing postindustrial environment in the mid 1970s in the Soviet Union in that instead of active intervention many of them proposed withdrawal as the most appropriate tactics to resist the grim surrounding reality.

Konstruktivizam u obrazovanju odraslih

2018 ◽  
pp. 31-48
Author(s):  
Aleksa Jovanović
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Adult Education ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Central Function ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Constructivist Epistemology ◽  
Meaning Theories

Constructivism is a term that takes up more space in social sciences since the second half of the 20th century, although the term itself was coines earlier, specifically in the 1920s when it signified an artistic and architectural movement in the Soviet Union. One assumption of this paper is that the activity is a central function and it is implanted in the concept of constructivism since its creation. This paper offers a brief overview of the development of term constructivism and later explains the basic epistemological assumptions on which constructivist theories are based. What is common to all constructivist theories is proactive cognition, that is, the already mentioned activity, in this case, in the process of making a meaning. Theories of adult education zhat rely on constructivist epistemology are also presented. Finally, the paper explanis the understanding of activity in teaching and the application of the constructivist principle in teaching.

Emancipation and Domesticity: Decoding Personal Manuscript Cookbooks from the Soviet Union

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 111-126
Author(s):  
Anastasia Lakhtikova
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Soviet Ideology ◽  
The Cost

A product of their time and of the internalized Soviet ideology that to a great extent shaped women's gendered self-fashioning as women and mothers, Soviet manuscript cookbooks became popular among Soviet women in the late 1960s. Based on the semiotic reading of two personal manuscript cookbooks in the author's family, this article explores what these cookbooks, in combination with the author's family history, tell about how Soviet women used and reshaped the gender roles available to them in late Soviet everyday life. The author also asks questions about the cost of emancipation in a society that could not truly support such progress socially or economically.

Everyday Life in Wartime Europe

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Mick
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Foreign Occupation ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
Working And Living Conditions ◽  
The Impact

This chapter discusses everyday life under foreign occupation during the Second World War. Living conditions were very different depending on class, race, location, and time. People living in Poland, Greece, Yugoslavia, and the occupied territories of the Soviet Union were not only much more exposed to terror and mass crimes; their standards of living were also much lower than in western Europe. Some experiences, however, were shared. The chapter focuses on certain common daily experiences: procuring food and other daily necessities; the relationship between peasants and urban populations; the working and living conditions in cities and towns; the role of families and the importance of networks; and the impact of terror, destruction, and insecurity on society and individuals. Living under foreign occupation partly corrupted the moral standards governing human relations, but there was also solidarity which focused on a core group of people consisting of family and close friends.

Dynamics of Cultural and Educational Processes of National Minorities of Transcarpathia of the Second Half of the 20th Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-253
Author(s):  
Natalija Malets ◽  
Oleksandr Malets
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
National Minority ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The People ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
Socialist Economic

The article analyses the dynamics of ethnic composition and ethnic processes in Transcarpathia in the second half of the 20th century, as well as ethno-cultural processes of national consolidation of Ukrainians of the region as part of the Ukrainian nation. The paper evaluates the practice of the Soviet state and the ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) to determine the nature, content and directions of all ethno-national and ethno-cultural policies in Transcarpathia. While researching the consolidation processes of Transcarpathian Ukrainians as part of the Ukrainian nation, the authors showed that the development of the traditions of Ukrainian national culture was seen in the environment of the creative intelligentsia and the majority of the people as an alternative to ideological communication. It is justified that the main goal of the communist authorities in Transcarpathia in 1945-1991 was to establish socialist, economic, political and ideological regime in the region. In order to accelerate this process, a Russian (Russian-speaking) national minority was hastily created in the region by the state authorities, which, having occupied leading political, ideological and economic positions, became a reliable support for the new communist regime. The article analyses the dynamics of ethnic composition and ethnic processes in Transcarpathia in the second half of the 20th century, as well as ethno-cultural processes of national consolidation of Ukrainians of the region as part of the Ukrainian nation. The paper evaluates the practice of the Soviet state and the ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) to determine the nature, content and directions of all ethno-national and ethno-cultural policies in Transcarpathia. While researching the consolidation processes of Transcarpathian Ukrainians as part of the Ukrainian nation, the authors showed that the development of the traditions of Ukrainian national culture was seen in the environment of the creative intelligentsia and the majority of the people as an alternative to ideological communication. It is justified that the main goal of the communist authorities in Transcarpathia in 1945-1991 was to establish socialist, economic, political and ideological regime in the region. In order to accelerate this process, a Russian (Russian-speaking) national minority was hastily created in the region by the state authorities, which, having occupied leading political, ideological and economic positions, became a reliable support for the new communist regime.

11. Is Marx still relevant?

2018 ◽  
pp. 101-118
Author(s):  
Peter Singer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Financial Crises ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Dominant Ideology ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Proletarian Revolution

By the early 20th century, Marxism was the dominant ideology of the left, especially in Europe. Marxism spread significantly around the world after the two world wars, but Marx’s prominence went into abrupt decline in 1991, with the collapse of the Soviet Union. Since then, China has been the most significant avowedly Marxist country. ‘Is Marx still relevant?’ considers whether Marx’s views are still relevant when dealing with worldwide inequality, global financial crises, the age of globalization, and climate change. It concludes that Marx’s ideas about the role that economic interests play in our intellectual and political lives will remain relevant, but that his prediction of the inevitability of a proletarian revolution will not.

Harvest of Despair: Life and Death in Ukraine under Nazi Rule

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-163
Author(s):  
Valdis O. Lumans
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
General Public ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Nazi Occupation ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Research Level ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historical Issues

Reading Karel C. Berkhoff's Harvest of Despair: Life and Death in Ukraine under Nazi Rule reaps reward but also some disappointment. For the general public unfamiliar with the historical issues and intricacies of the Nazi occupation of the Soviet Union, this book contains far more reward as a montage of vivid depictions of everyday life under German domination in the occupied East. But conversely, for those with a more advanced, research-level familiarity with the subject, the results are reversed.

scholarly journals Everyday Life Under Communism: Practices and Objects

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (02) ◽  
pp. 207-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Zakharova
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Basic Consumer

Why should we consider the everyday life of ordinary citizens in their countless struggles to obtain basic consumer goods if the priorities of their leaders lay elsewhere? For years, specialists of the Soviet Union and the people's democracies neglected the history of everyday life and, like the so-called “totalitarian” school, focused on political history, seeking to grasp how power was wielded over a society that was considered immobile and subject to the state's authority. Furthermore, studies on the eastern part of Europe were dominated by political scientists who were interested in the geopolitics of the Cold War. The way the field was structured meant that little attention was paid to sociological and anthropological perspectives that sought to understand social interaction.

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