Plasma Osteopontin Correlates with Glycemic Control in Type 2  Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to abnormal secretions and/or insulin activity. Osteopontin (OPN) is an important component of inflammation and insulin resistance, and vitamin D decreases insulin resistance. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between OPN and glycemic control and total 25-OH vitamin D in type 2 DM. An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach was performed in Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, from May to September 2018. Plasma OPN levels were measured by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay kit from Elabscience 96T Human OPN (USA), and a total of 25-OH vitamin D was evaluated using the ELFA method from Biomerieux SA (France). Data were tested by Pearson correlation (r). Type 2 DM subjects consisted of 45 (54.2%) males and 38 (45.8%) females, 36 (43.45%) well- and 47 (56.65%) poorly-controlled. The average age was 56.81±9.76 years old. The mean of OPN level in poorly-controlled cases was significantly higher (20.27±3.20 ng/mL) than well-controlled ones (15.04±3.34 ng/mL) with p=0.001. There was no significant difference in total 25-OH vitamin D between well- and poorly-controlled groups (19.84±6.65 vs. 17.24±6.78 ng/mL, respectively, p=0.085). The correlation of OPN with glycemic control (fasting glucose, 2-hour post-prandial glucose, HbA1c) and total 25-OH vitamin D in all subjects with type 2 DM were r=0.241 (p=0.028), r=0.378 (p=0.0001) r=0.529 (p=0.0001) and r=-0.151 (p=0.173), respectively. This study suggested that plasma OPN level was correlated with glycemic control but not with serum total 25-OH vitamin D in type 2 DM. Further research was needed in populations of other types of DM and other research variables related to inflammation or insulin resistance.

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Correlation Between Lipid Profile with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Progression

JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia ◽

10.53366/jimki.v8i2.131 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 66-72

Author(s):

Angiesta Pinakesty ◽

Restu Noor Azizah

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Type 2 Dm ◽

Hba1c Levels

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable disease that has increased from year to year. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is not caused by lack of insulin secretion, but is caused by the failure of the body's cells to respond to the hormone insulin (insulin resistance). Insulin resistance was found to be a major contributor to atherogenic dyslipidemia. Dyslipidemia in DM risks 2 to 4 times higher than non-DM. Although dyslipidemia has a great risk for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, this conventional risk factor only explains a portion (25%) of excess cardiovascular risk in type 2 DM. Discussion: In uncontrolled type 2 DM patients, LDL oxidation occurs faster which results from an increase in chronic blood glucose levels. Glycemic control as a determinant of DM progressivity is determined through HbA1c examination. HbA1c levels are associated with blood triglyceride levels. Meanwhile, triglyceride levels are associated with total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol levels. HbA1c levels are also associated with LDL cholesterol levels. Conclusion: There is a relationship between lipid profile and the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, HbA1c, glycemic control, lipid profile

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BONE REMODELING IN WOMEN WITH DIABETES MELLITUS

Acta biomedica scientifica ◽

10.12737/article_5a3a0d8f913509.24544012 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (5) ◽

pp. 33-36

Author(s):

Татьяна Бардымова ◽

Tatyana Bardymova ◽

Максим Мистяков ◽

Maksim Mistyakov ◽

Юлия Башарина ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Bone Remodeling ◽

Menstrual Function ◽

Type 2 Dm ◽

Bone Remodeling Markers ◽

25 Oh Vitamin D ◽

Post Menopausal

Background. It is known that the type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and osteoporosis are more often diagnosed in senior women. The condition of a bone tissue is accompanied by the metabolic violations that are typical for DM. The recent researches established the multidirectional changes of bone remodeling markers in women with type 2 DM at differ- ent age periods. Aims: to study the condition of bone remodeling in women with type 2 DM at different age periods. Materials and methods. We examined 27 women with type 2 DM, among them 15 were in the post-menopausal period and 12 with preserved menstrual function. Levels of osteocalcin, N-terminal propeptide of type 1 collagen (P1NP), C- terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (β-Crosslaps), 25-OH vitamin D, the ionized calcium were researched. Results. The analysis showed that increase in β-Crosslaps levels, P1NP, levels of osteocaltcin were observed in women with type 2 DM in the post-menopausal period, compared to parameters of women with type 2 DM with preserved menstrual function. Inverse correlation relation of osteocaltcin and 25-OH vitamin D was revealed in women with type 2 DM. Conclusion. Significant increase in markers of osteosynthesis and osteoresorption in women with type 2 DM was shown in the post-menopausal period compared with indicators of women with type 2 DM with preserved men- strual function.

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THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA AND GLYCEMIC CONTROL IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY ◽

10.24293/ijcpml.v24i3.1334 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 247 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Reni Marlina ◽

Ricke Loesnihari ◽

Santi Syafril

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽

Poor Glycemic Control ◽

Good Glycemic Control ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Symptomatic Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Type 2 Dm ◽

Urinary Glucose

The incidence of infection often occurs in patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) due to hyperglycemia that causes dysfunction of chemotaxis, phagocytic activity, malfunction of neutrophils and glycosuria. It is followed by other complications that lead to the malfunction of the bladder. Highly urinary glucose level is an exellent medium for pathogenic microorganisms growth. Asymptomatic Bacteriuria (ASB) is a risk factor for symptomatic urinary tract infection spontaneously or due to urinary catheters. This study aimed to analyze the association between the incidence of ASB of type 2 DM and glycemic control. The study was conducted during June-August 2016 with a cross-sectional method. Subjects were type 2 DM patients with age ≤60 years, who were treated in the Endocrinology Out-Patient Clinic of the Adam Malik Hospital. HbA1c was measured by Indiko automatic analyzer. Its association with urine culture results was analyzed. A total of 50 samples were enrolled, consisting of 25 females, and 25 males, with 19 having an exellent glycemic control (HbA1c <7%) and 31 with poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥7%). Thirteen positive ASB were found, 5 with good glycemic control and 8 with poor glycemic control. Statistical analysis revealed a nonsignificant association between glycemic control and culture results (p = 1.000). Somers’d did not show a significant association between glycemic control and the incidence of ASB (p=0.968, d=-0.005). However, significant differences in culture results between gender, in which the ASB were found in samples of four females and two males (p=0.004). Somers’d revealed a significant association between culture results and gender (p=0.001; d=-0.360). Most of the bacteria found were Gram-negative. There was no significant association between glycemic control with an incidence of ASB. However, gender had significant differences in the incidence of ASB, which occurred more frequently in DM females than males. Urinalysis should be performed in patients with type 2 DM with ASB. However, further study was needed to analyze the relationship between glycemic control with the incidence of ASB and other factors that might affect the incidence of ASB.

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Association of Serum Adipokines Levels with Glycemic Control and Metabolic Dyslipidemia in Sudanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

10.21203/rs.3.rs-34969/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Halima Babiikir Eltahir ◽

Elmahadi Mohamed Ali ◽

Abdelrahim Osman Mohamed

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

P Value

Abstract Background:The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus is due to two major abnormalities including insulin resistance and dysfunction, which lead to the inability to regulate blood glucose level. Adiponectin is a hormone secreted by the adipose tissue and it takes part in glucose metabolism with insulin-sensitising properties. Low levels of adiponectin leads to reduction of fatty acid oxidation decreased glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells and increased level of free fatty acids leading to insulin resistance. Leptin is another adipokine produced by adipose tissue involved in the control of food intake via its action on the hypothalamus, suppressing appetite and stimulating energy expenditure. Leptin plays a critical role in pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus.The aim of the study was to investigate the association of serum adipokines levels with glycemic control and metabolic dyslipidemia in Sudanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: This was a case control study. 202 patients with type 2 diabetes and 102 non-diabetic controls participated after signing written consent. Weight (kg) and height (m) were measured thenthe body mass index (kg/m2) was determined. Blood samples were collected after an overnight fasting. FBG, HbA1c and lipid profiles were measured using enzymatic methods. Adiponectin and leptin were measured using sandwich ELISA.Results: Adiponectin concentrations was significantly lower in patients with type 2 diabetes compared with the controls (p<0.001) and it was inversely correlated with HbA1c (Pearson Correlation -.160, P value = 0.005), total cholesterol and LDL levels (P = 0.05) and direct correlated HDL levels (P = 0.05). Leptin concentrations was significantly higher in patients with type 2 diabetes compared with the controls (p<0.002) and it was positively correlated with HbA1c (Pearson Correlation .155, P value = 0.02), total cholesterol and LDL levels (P = 0.05), there were no correlation with HDL and TG levels. Patients had significantly higher fasting blood glucose, HbA1c levels, total cholesterol and LDL levels compared with the controls. Conclusion: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had decreased levels of serum adiponectin, high levels of serum leptin. There were significant correlations found between adiponectin and leptin levels with glycemic control and metabolic dyslipidemia

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Association of HbA1c with Urinary ACR & eGFR in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

Pulse ◽

10.3329/pulse.v5i1.20183 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 6-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nazmin Haque ◽

Bidhan Chandra Debnath ◽

Mohammad Ibrahim ◽

Khondaker Sirajuddin ◽

Monojit Majumder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Vascular Complication ◽

Urinary Albumin ◽

Accurate Estimation ◽

Urine Collection ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Spot Urine ◽

Type 2 Dm ◽

Significant Difference

Background Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic micro vascular complication of poorly controlled diabetes mellitus (DM), leading to end stage renal disease (ESRD). Control of DM is monitored by HbA1c. There are two early markers - to assess early renal impairment: Microalbuminuria (MA) & Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR). Estimation of MA - needs 24 hours collection of urine. GFR is clinically assessed by creatinine clearance rate (CCR) at the same time for accurate estimation of GFR which also needs 24 hours urine collection. Faulty timing and non compliance for 24 hours urine collection - may give erroneous results. MA is better reflected by spot urine urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR). Some formula based calculation of GFR, called estimated GFR (eGFR) are well correlated with CCR which needs only single blood sample for S.Creatinine (S.Cr). For example one such formula is Cockroft-Gault (C-G) formula. Objective To evaluate the association of HbA1c with urinary ACR and eGFR in Type 2DM. Design It was a cross sectional study carried out in the department of Biochemistry, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College, from July 2010 to June 2011. Methods Fifty (50) known type 2 DM patients of 40-60 years age were evaluated dividing them on the basis of HbA1c (<8%,>8%), duration of DM (>5 years, <5 years), normotensives or hypertensives. FBS, S.Cr, Urinary Albumin & Creatinine were estimated. eGFR and urinary ACR were calculated. Results were expressed as mean ± SD. Data were analyzed with SPSS software version (12.0). Unpaired t test and Pearsons correlation tests were performed as tests of significance. Value of p<0.05 was the level of significance. Results Significant difference of S.Cr & HbA1c was found between study groups on HbA1c<8% and >8%. DBP was significantly raised in hypertensive type 2 DM. Duration of DM did not show significant correlation with renal functional parameters. Serum Creatinine & U.ACR had significant positive correlation with HbA1c>8% and only with ACR but not with S.Cr in study subjects having HbA1c<8%. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pulse.v5i1.20183 Pulse Vol.5 January 2011 p.6-11

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An evaluation of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients on different oral antidiabetic medications with regard to glycemic control and diabetic complications

Medical Science and Discovery ◽

10.36472/msd.v6i9.289 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

pp. 180-185

Author(s):

Erhan Önalan ◽

Nevzat Gozel ◽

Burkay Yakar

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Diabetic Complications ◽

Type 2 Dm ◽

Oral Antidiabetic ◽

Metformin Monotherapy ◽

Significant Difference

Objective: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic and progressive disease that significantly impairs the workforce and economy due to its complications. This study aims to evaluate patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus who use different oral antidiabetic medications with regard to glycemic control and diabetic complications. Materials and Methods: This study included 200 patients who were being followed-up for a diagnosis of Type 2 DM. Results: Of the 200 patients included in the study, 131 were on metformin monotherapy and 69 were on metformin and gliclazide combination therapy. HbA1c value of Metformin monotherapy prescribed patients was7,6%±1,5, metformin+gliclazide prescribed patients was 8,2%±1,9. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of blood glucose levels (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to microvascular complications and body mass index. Conclusion: Our study determined that the level of glycemic control manifested by Type 2 DM patients was suboptimal despite using different types of oral antidiabetics and that their body mass indices were high. We reached the conclusion that the present situation is linked to factors such as incorrect dietary habits, inadequate exercise and walking, failure to comply with the medical treatment suggested by the physician, and lack of awareness about the severity of the disease.

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Uric Acid Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Jaringan Laboratorium Medis ◽

10.31983/jlm.v3i2.8026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 83-89

Author(s):

Linda Ramadhanti ◽

Devi Etivia Purlinda

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Acid Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Type 2 Dm ◽

Exercise Activity

Type 2 diabetes mellitus accounts for about 90% of all diabetes cases worldwide. Type 2 DM is caused by the body's inability to respond well to insulin or called insulin resistance. Insulin resistance causes hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia which results in decreased uric acid excretion function in the kidney tubules, so that there will be an increase in uric acid in the blood or hyperuricemia. Type of research including descriptive with cross sectional approach. The examination was carried out at Dr. Adhyatma, MPH. The research respondents were 24 people, uric acid levels were examined with a TMS 50i Superior device. The data obtained is processed and presented in the form of diagrams and percentages. Type 2 DM respondents numbered 24 people. The highest hyperuricemia is based on the characteristics of the respondents, those are above 55 years old (25%), female sex (25%), high blood pressure (25%), and exercise activity 1x / day (21%). Of the 24 respondents, 14 people (58.3%) had normal uric acid levels and 10 people (41.6%) had hyperuricemia, with an average female uric acid value of 5.54 mg / dL and men of 6,48 mg / dL.

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RERATA VOLUME TROMBOSIT DAN AGGREGASI TROMBOSIT DI DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 (Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet Aggregation in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2)

INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY ◽

10.24293/ijcpml.v21i3.1283 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 293

Author(s):

Malayana Rahmita Nasution ◽

Adi Koesoema Aman ◽

Dharma Lindarto

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Mean Platelet Volume ◽

Control Group ◽

Platelet Volume ◽

Good Glycemic Control ◽

Type 2 Dm ◽

Significant Difference

Diabetes mellitus patients often have hypercoagulable blood, as evidenced by the increased coagulation, impaired fibrinolysis,endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity. Hyperactive platelet is the major determinant of pro thrombotic state in DM. Byassessing the MPV and platelet aggregation, which is a marker of platelet activity, in patients with type 2 DM, it is expected to help theprediction of acute events. This research is aimed to know the differences of MPV and the aggregation of platelet between poor glycemiccontrol as well as good the control group in type 2 DM patients. This study was conducted in cross sectional method using 22 people withgood glycemic control and 28 people with poor one (glycemic control) from June to August 2013. Fasting blood samples were analyzedfor CBC, HbA1c, TG and platelet aggregation. MPV and platelet aggregation value were compared between groups using independentt-test. Based on this study, there is no significant difference in MPV and platelet aggregation between groups (p=0.598, p=0.464 (1 μM),p=0.868 (2 μM), p=0.984 (5 μM), p=0.401 (10 μM)). Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) correlate significantly with platelet aggregationat 1 μM and 5μM ADP concentration in good glycemic control group (r=0.591; p=0.004 at 1 μM ADP and r=0.521; p=0.013 at 5 μMADP). Mean platelet volume correlate significantly with the platelet aggregation at 2 μM ADP and the concentration in poor glycemiccontrol group (r=0.405; p=0.033). There are no significant differences in MPV and platelet aggregation between groups, but there is asignificant correlation between them (MPV and platelet aggregation) in the good glycemic control of the type 2 DM group.

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Low dose allopurinol is associated with modest but significant improvements in glycemic control (GC) and glycemic variability (GV) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-491373/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Manal M. Alem

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Low Dose ◽

Control Group ◽

Glycaemic Variability ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Type 2 Dm

Abstract BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), gout, and asymptomatic hyperuricemia are inter-connected pathologies. Glycemic control (GC), involving a range of treatments is central to the management of DM, whereas allopurinol continues to be the most widely recommended urate lowering agent. Allopurinol has been shown to possess anti-oxidant properties: this study explores the favorable potential effect of allopurinol on glucose homeostasis.MethodsThis is an observational study with a cross-sectional design performed on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), recruited from centers in Saudi Arabia. Patients were divided into two groups; allopurinol users; (for gout or asymptomatic hyperuricemia) and matching control patients. Patient demographics, co-morbid conditions, biochemical tests, and pharmacological treatments were extracted from electronic records to investigate the effect of allopurinol therapy on Glycemic control (GC), as assessed by glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c as primary endpoint), and on parameters of glycaemic variability (GV) (secondary endpoints).ResultsA total of 194 patients with type 2 DM were recruited (97 in both groups). The two groups were matched for age and sex: mean age: 59.4 years, 73% males in the allopurinol group vs 59.6 years, 73% males in the control group. Allopurinol, daily dose 100 mg, was prescribed for 77% of the patients, with median duration of 39.5 months treatment. HbA1c values were; 6.90% (6.20, 7.80) in the allopurinol group vs 7.30% (6.60, 8.40) in the control group (P=0.010). Parameters of GV were calculated from 3 consecutive fasting blood sugar (FBS) readings: variability independent of the mean (VIM) was 0.140 in the allopurinol group vs 0.987 in the control group (P<0.001).ConclusionConcomitant low-dose allopurinol therapy in patients with type 2 DM was associated with modest but significant improvements in GC and GV.

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Association of Serum Adipokines Levels with Glycemic Control and Metabolic Dyslipidemia in Sudanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

10.21203/rs.3.rs-37122/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Halima Babiikir Eltahir ◽

Elmahdi Mohamed Ali ◽

Abdelrahim Osman Mohamed

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

P Value

Abstract Background: The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus is due to two major abnormalities including insulin resistance and dysfunction, which lead to the inability to regulate blood glucose level. Adiponectin is a hormone secreted by the adipose tissue and it takes part in glucose metabolism with insulin-sensitising properties. Low levels of adiponectin leads to reduction of fatty acid oxidation decreased glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells and increased level of free fatty acids leading to insulin resistance. Leptin is another adipokine produced by adipose tissue involved in the control of food intake via its action on the hypothalamus, suppressing appetite and stimulating energy expenditure. Leptin plays a critical role in pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus.The aim of the study was to investigate the association of serum adipokines levels with glycemic control and metabolic dyslipidemia in Sudanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: This was a case control study. 202 patients with type 2 diabetes and 102 non-diabetic controls participated after signing written consent. Weight (kg) and height (m) were measured then the body mass index (kg/m2) was determined. Blood samples were collected after an overnight fasting. FBG, HbA1c and lipid profiles were measured using enzymatic methods. Adiponectin and leptin were measured using sandwich ELISA.Results: Adiponectin concentrations was significantly lower in patients with type 2 diabetes compared with the controls (p<0.001) and it was inversely correlated with HbA1c (Pearson Correlation -.160, P value = 0.005), total cholesterol and LDL levels (P = 0.05) and direct correlated HDL levels (P = 0.05). Leptin concentrations was significantly higher in patients with type 2 diabetes compared with the controls (p<0.002) and it was positively correlated with HbA1c (Pearson Correlation .155, P value = 0.02), total cholesterol and LDL levels (P = 0.05), there were no correlation with HDL and TG levels. Patients had significantly higher fasting blood glucose, HbA1c levels, total cholesterol and LDL levels compared with the controls.Conclusion: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had decreased levels of serum adiponectin, high levels of serum leptin. There were significant correlations found between adiponectin and leptin levels with glycemic control and metabolic dyslipidemia .

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