scholarly journals Comparative Study of AODV andDSR Routing Protocols forGateway Placement Optimization

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 6659-6665
Author(s):  
Jamal Muafaq Hameed Al-Bayati
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Gateway Node ◽  
Placement Optimization ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc

This paper considers mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) in which mobile nodes can reach the Internet via stationary gateway node. The gateway works as bridge between MANET and the Internet. Several studies show that location of the gateway inside network topology has a significant effect on overall network performance. Two different scenarios, with varying number of nodes and two gateway locations, have been considered under the assumption that all mobile nodes are connected to Internet through the same gateway. Simulation has been done using NS-2 software, producing a computer model of AODV and DSR routing protocols. Comparison of these routing protocols is performed in terms of Average (end-to-end) delay, Throughput, Normalized routing load and Packet delivery ratio metrics. Simulation results suggest that AODV routing protocol has better performance in both scenarios. In addition, the results suggest that location of gateway at the center gives better results compared to gateway positioned at the edge.

scholarly journals Competitive analysis of single and multi-path routing protocols in mobile Ad-Hoc network

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ahmed Jubair ◽  
Mustafa Hamid Hassan ◽  
Salama A. Mostafa ◽  
Hairulnizam Mahdin ◽  
Aida Mustapha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Dynamic Source ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Hoc Networks

<p>A Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) refers to a dynamic and wireless network, which can be designed without an existing infrastructure as every node serves as a router. A MANET is a self-configuring system of mobile nodes that are connected wirelessly. Every node serves as a sink, as well as a router to send packets. The movement of the nodes is not restricted as they can move in any direction, and they have the ability to get organized into a network. Due to their free and independent movement, they do not have a fixed position; they often change positions. In this study, the Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) and Ad-hoc On Multipath Demand Distance Vector (AOMDV) protocols are compared using Network Simulator NS2.35. DSR is a reactive gateway discovery algorithm whereby the connection of a MANET mobile device is established only on demand. Basically, AOMDV was specially tailored for ad-hoc networks that are highly dynamic to respond to link failures and breakages in the network. It ensures that the paths for destinations are sustained, and it defines the new routing information using destination serial numbers to ensure loop freedom always while avoiding problems. More so, it is a protocol that is based on a timer that can discover ways through which the mobile nodes respond to link breakages and change in topology. A comparison of protocols has been carried out individually and jointly with the aim of evaluating their performance. The performance is measured in terms of End-to-End Delay, Packet Delivery Ratio, Packet Loss Ratio, and Routing Overhead Ratio. The performance of the routing protocols was done using two scenarios; when there is a change in the simulation time and when there is a change in the number of nodes.</p>

scholarly journals Prediction Algorithm for Mobile Ad Hoc Network Connection Breaks

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
Yasir Mohammed ◽  
Maha Abdelhaq ◽  
Raed Alsaqour
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Link Prediction ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Mobile Node ◽  
Prediction Algorithm ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc

A Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a decentralized network of mobile node that are connected to an arbitrary topology via wireless connections. The breakdown of the connecting links between adjacent nodes will probably lead to the loss of the transferred data packets. In this research, we proposed an algorithm for link prediction (LP) to enhance the link break provision of the ad hoc on-demand remote protocol (AODV). The proposed algorithm is called the AODV Link Break Prediction (AODVLBP). The AODVLBP prevents link breaks by the use of a predictive measure of the changing signal. The AODVLBP was evaluated using the network simulator version 2.35 (NS2) and compared with the AODV Link prediction (AODVLP) and the AODV routing protocols. The simulation results reveal the effectiveness of AODVLBP in improving network performance in terms of average end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio, packet overhead ratio, and packet drop-neighbour break.

scholarly journals Performance evaluation of MANET routing protocols based on QoS and energy parameters

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 3635
Author(s):  
Salma S. Mohamed ◽  
Abdel-Fatah I. Abdel-Fatah ◽  
Mohamed A. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Distance Vector ◽  
The Impact

Routing selection and supporting Quality of Service (QoS) are fundamental problems in Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET). Many different protocols have been proposed in the literature and some performance simulations are made to address this challenging task. This paper discusses the performance evaluation and comparison of two typical routing protocols; Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Destination-Sequenced Distance-Vector (DSDV) based on measuring the power consumption in network with varing of the QoS parameters. In this paper, we have studied and analyzed the impact of variations in QoS parameter combined with the choice of routing protocol, on network performance. The network performance is measured in terms of average throughput, packet delivery ratio (PDR), average jitter and energy consumption. The simulations are carried out in NS-3. The simulation results show that DSDV and AODV routing protocols are less energy efficient. The main aim of this paper is to highlight the directions for the future design of routing protocol which would be better than the existing ones in terms of energy utilization and delivery ratio.

scholarly journals Impact of Improved Chicken Swam Optimization Based A* algorithm In MANETs Routing

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 2178-2186
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
A Algorithm ◽  
Manet Routing ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Consistent Performance ◽  
Chicken Swarm Optimization

Wireless devices utilization had increased drastically, which has shown an impact on over-all demand and utilization Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET). Routing protocol is the fundamental and vital performance factor in the Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET). The routing protocols in MANET are accomplished to handle a lot number of nodes with restricted resources. Multiple routing protocols exist in MANETs. Once of the main challenges in routing protocols is its generation of adverse influence on network performance. Accordingly, this paper plans to implement an obstacle-ware MANET routing model using improved meta-heuristic-based A* algorithm. The algorithm efficiently plots a path between multiple nodes avoiding obstacles, or points, on the graph that results in producing a shortest path without any obstacles. The improved meta-heuristic algorithm termed as Fitness and Position Ratiobased Chicken Swarm Optimization (FPR-CSO) is used to improvise the A* algorithm. The comparative analysis of different optimized A* over Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) confirms the consistent performance of the proposed model

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence Based A* Optimization Routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1553-1560
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Path Length ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Packet Transmission ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Node Availability

A Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a hotchpotch of nodes with mobility feature, the established network utilization is dynamically outlined based on temporary architecture. In MANETs, the challenging and vital role is played by the routing protocols performance factors under different condition and environments. The routing protocols are liable to handle many nodes with limited resources. There exits many routing protocols in MANETs, one of the main key note that has to be considered in designing a routing protocol is to observe that the designed routing protocol is having an proportionate effect on network performance. The existence of obstacles may lead to many geographical routing problems like excess consumption of power and congestion of data. The aim of this paper is to take the assistance of A* algorithm that finds the walk-able path avoiding the concave obstacle in the path relaying on the gaming-theory model[29]. This algorithm decreases the delays in packet transmission and in turn increases the success rate of transmission. We take into consideration path length, penalty for node availability as probability of forwarding criteria and processes effective packet transmission. The simulated results analyse the performance of our protocol over other conventional algorithms based on congestion cost, path length, node availability penalty, delay, packet loss, throughput.

Comparative Assessment and Performance Analysis of Numerous Mobile Ad-Hoc Network Routing Protocols

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 3906-3911
Author(s):  
Karan Singh ◽  
Rajeev Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Network Routing ◽  
Destination Node ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Route Maintenance ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
And Performance

Recent progression in the field of information and communication cause increase of packet count over the World Wide Web network. These communicated packets should deliver on time from origin node to destination node using a reliable and shortest route. In this way routing plays an important part in dispatching the packets to destination form the source. This routing becomes more crucial when packets delivery is done in independent mobile nodes which dynamically form a temporary network. This network named as Mobile Ad-Hoc Network and therefore it is said to be particular reason-specific, self-ruling and dynamic. In this paper we analyzed 3 protocols and for a quality of service (i.e., Packet Delivery Ratio) and achieved comparative study of various protocols of routing with respect to Operation of protocols, Route maintenance, Routing table, Route, Route selection, Routing structure, Routing Approaches, Protocol types, Merits and Demerits.

scholarly journals MANET Routing Protocols Evaluation: AODV, DSR and DSDV Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 06024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Taha AL-Dhief ◽  
Naseer Sabri ◽  
M.S. Salim ◽  
S. Fouad ◽  
S. A. Aljunid
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Distance Vector

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a set of mobile nodes that communicate with each other to configure an immediate network without utilizing any of infrastructure, the centralized access point or centralized administration in multiple hop manner. There are a lot of routing protocols have been proposed in MANET which are different from each other in the performance and the mechanism. Therefore, the performance study of those protocols in different scenarios is needed. This paper presents the performance comparison between Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), Ad hoc on demand distance Vector Routing (AODV) as reactive routing protocols and Destination Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV) as a proactive routing protocol to precisely determine which protocol is more effective. Network Simulator (NS) version 2.35 has used to simulate and evaluate the performance of these protocols in terms of the packet delivery ratio, average throughput, average end-to-end delay, and packet loss ratio with respect to the variable number of nodes.

scholarly journals Mobile ad-hoc network routing protocols of time-critical events for search and rescue missions

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-199
Author(s):  
Marwan Hamid Hassan ◽  
Salama A. Mostafa ◽  
Hairulnizam Mahdin ◽  
Aida Mustapha ◽  
Azizul Azhar Ramli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Critical Events ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Distance Vector ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Time Critical

The most important experiences we discovered from several disasters are that cellular networks were vulnerable, and the loss of the communication system may have a catastrophic consequence. Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) play a significant role in the construction of campus, resident, battlefield and search/rescue region. MANET is an appropriate network for supporting a communication where is no permanent infrastructure. MANET is an effective network that uses to establishing urgent communication between rescue members in critical situations like, disaster or natural calamities. The sending and receiving data in MANET is depending on the routing protocols to adapt the dynamic topology and maintain the routing information. Consequently, This paper evaluates the performance of three routing protocols in MANET: ad-hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV), destination sequenced distance vector (DSDV), and ad-hoc on-demand multipath distance vector (AOMDV). These protocols are inherent from different types of routing protocols: single-path, multi-path, reactive and proactive mechanisms. The NS2 simulator is utilized to evaluate the quality of these protocols. Several metrics are used to assess the performance of these protocols such: packet delivery ratio (PDR), packet loss ratios (PLR), throughput (TP), and end-to-end delay (E2E delay). The outcomes reveal the AOMDV is the most suitable protocol for time-critical events of search and rescue missions.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of AODV and ODMRP Routing Protocols

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-596
Author(s):  
Jitendra Soni ◽  
Kokila Uikey
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Open Nature

Mobile ad-hoc Network [MANET] is the collection of mobile nodes deployed with the short-lived purpose. It is the most innovative and useful variety which provide the facility to establish communication without the prerequisite of any infrastructure. Here, wireless communication medium is usually used for communication and connection establishment purpose. Generally, it is deployed with mobile nodes but can be used for stationary design also. Open nature communication makes it vulnerable for several security threats. This paper has considered the simulation of AODV and ODMRP using Qualnet 5.2 simulator.

scholarly journals Route Inference Based Sinkhole Attack Detection System for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 944-950
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Attack Detection ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Malicious Node ◽  
Weight Value ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a highly popular wireless network technology due to the proliferation of wireless devices. The characteristic of mobile ad hoc network is described as wireless links and open medium, centralized decision making, dynamic topology, limited power supply, bandwidth constraint and no predefined boundary. Due to its unique characteristics, this technology has been used to support communications in situations where it may be impossible to deploy infrastructure networks, such as military battlefields, disaster recovery sites and medical emergency situations. However, they appear to be susceptible to a variety of attacks than any other networks. The nodes of a MANET communicate with each other with the help of intermediate nodes. Each node of a network act as a host as well as a router. Efficient routing protocols have been developed to support the functionality of each node. These protocols trust that all the nodes are cooperative and well behaved. But some nodes act as a malicious node and launch various attacks on routing protocols. Mainly sinkhole attack affects the routing functionality of the network. Therefore, route inference-based attack detection has been proposed to handle the sinkhole attack in the networks. The proposed system computes the weight value by considering route factor, flow factor and sink factor. Based on the weight value, a malicious node is identified. The experiment results indicate that, the proposed system achieved a packet delivery ratio of 99.6% and throughput of 2700 kbps.

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