scholarly journals A paradigm shift in mathematical physics, Part 2: A new local realism explains Bell test & other experiments

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3876-3889
Author(s):  
Jeffrey H. Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Physical Nature ◽  
Local Realism ◽  
Ivory Tower ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Variable Theory ◽  
Realistic Theory ◽  
Wave Particle Duality ◽  
Elementary Waves

An earlier article in this journal introduced a renegade theory called the Theory of Elementary Waves (TEW). Whereas quantum mathematics (QM) is a science of observables, TEW is a science of physical nature independent of the observer. They are symmetrical: complement and support each other. That article left three dangling threads that this article addresses: 1. Our claim that TEW is the only local realistic theory that can explain Bell test experiments, 2. Focusing on the medium in which elementary waves move, and 3. Demonstrating that there is zero experimental support wave particle duality. TEW is neither the hidden variable theory of Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR), nor the absorber theory of Wheeler and Feynman, nor an offshoot nor variant of quantum theory. It is a new paradigm, discovered by a dissident, Lewis E. Little who, after his PhD in physics, worked alone for decades outside the ivory tower of academic physics searching for and eventually finding a theory that explains quantum experiments based on local realism. The fate of new paradigms, unfortunately, is to be rejected as gibberish by leaders of the old paradigm. Plate tectonics was dismissed as absurd during the twentieth century.

scholarly journals A paradigm shift in mathematical physics, Part 1: The Theory of Elementary Waves (TEW)

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3828-3839
Author(s):  
Jeffrey H. Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
The Other ◽  
Guidance System ◽  
Thomas Kuhn ◽  
Mathematical Notation ◽  
Paradigm Shifts ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Realistic Theory ◽  
Wavefunction Collapse ◽  
Elementary Waves

Why is quantum mathematics (QM) the only science based on probability amplitudes rather than probabilities? A paradigm shift called the Theory of Elementary Waves (TEW) posits zero energy waves traveling in the opposite direction as particles, which a particle follows backwards: like a probabilistic guidance system emanating from detectors. Probability amplitudes are the mathematical analog of these elementary rays. Although this proposal might sound like gibberish, that is the hallmark of a paradigm shift. Thomas Kuhn warns that previous paradigm shifts were rejected because they sounded like gibberish. TEW is internally coherent, explains a mountain of empirical data, and resolves insoluble problems of QM. For example, it dispenses with the need for wavefunction collapse because probability decisions are made at the particle source, not the detector. It is the only local realistic theory consistent with the Bell test experiments. That which QM calls “nonlocality,” TEW calls “elementary rays.” One term is vague, the other involves elegant mathematics. This article introduces that mathematical notation, explains complementarity in double slit experiments, and reinterprets Feynman diagrams. QM and TEW are partners that need each other. One is a science of observables; the other a science of how nature works independent of the observer.

A new variety of local realism explains a Bell test experiment: the Theory of Elementary Waves (TEW) with no hidden variables

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 2051-2058
Author(s):  
Jeffrey H Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Hidden Variables ◽  
Bell Inequalities ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Test Experiment ◽  
Wave Particle Duality ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Elementary Waves ◽  
Controversial Aspect

In a recent article on the Theory of Elementary Waves (TEW) (see “TEW eliminates Wave Particle Duality” in JAP, February 2015), the most controversial aspect was the claim that TEW provides a local realistic explanation of the Alain Aspect 1982 experiment. That claim was not proved. This article fills in that gap by providing a local realistic explanation of a Bell test experiment published in 1998 by Weihs, Jennewein, Simon, et al. Advanced TEW uses no hidden variables, and therefore does not fall under the jurisdiction of Bell’s theorem. It rejects wave particle duality. It violates the Bell inequalities, yet is local and realistic. Particles follow a bi-ray, which is composed of two elementary rays, traveling at the speed of light in opposite directions, coaxially, conveying no energy. As was the case with the previous article, the main obstacle to credibility is that these assumptions sound incredible. It is wise sometimes to tolerate ridiculous ideas, lest we fail to recognize a paradigm shift when one comes along. Another obstacle to credibility is the multitude of unanswered questions. A truly fruitful theory raises more questions than it answers, by a ratio of 100 to 1. TEW fulfills that definition of fruitfulness.

scholarly journals A paradigm shift in mathematical physics, Part 4: Quantum computers and the local realism of all 4 Bell states

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 5476-5493
Author(s):  
Jeffrey H. Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Information ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Mathematical Physics ◽  
Bell States ◽  
Local Realism ◽  
Quantum Computers ◽  
Entangled Photons ◽  
Shared History ◽  
Elementary Waves ◽  
New Generation

Can quantum information systems be understood using local realism? The consensus is No. Quantum information is based on qubits and Bell states. According to conventional wisdom these cannot be understood using local realism. Invariably local realism is assumed, incorrectly, to refer only to the Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR) model. Today a radically different model of local realism has arisen. The Theory of Elementary Waves (TEW) is incompatible with Einsteins picture of reality but nevertheless is local and realistic. We show that the Bell test experiments that invalidate EPR, validate TEW! This article uses TEW to reproduce all four Bell states. From TEW we derive the Bell states. We also show that TEW can explain an experiment using remote entangled photons that have no shared history, which are entangled because ofentanglement swapping. The implications of our study for quantum information theory are unclear, except that the term nonlocal should be replaced with a more precise and fruitful term. Nonlocal is vague and misleading. Elementary ray is a verifiable and precisely defined term that can replace it. This paradigm shift could inspire a new generation of quantum information experiments. 

scholarly journals New Targeted Therapies and Immunotherapies for Locally Advanced Periocular Malignant Tumours: Towards a New ‘Eye-Sparing’ Paradigm?

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2822
Author(s):  
Arnaud Martel ◽  
Sandra Lassalle ◽  
Alexandra Picard-Gauci ◽  
Lauris Gastaud ◽  
Henri Montaudie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Therapies ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Adjuvant Radiotherapy ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Eye Pain ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Orbital Lesions

The management of periocular skin malignant tumours is challenging. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment for localised eyelid cancers. For more locally advanced cancers, especially those invading the orbit, orbital exenteration has long been considered the gold standard; however, it is a highly disfiguring and traumatic surgery. The last two decades have been marked by the emergence of a new paradigm shift towards the use of ‘eye-sparing’ strategies. In the early 2000s, the first step consisted of performing wide conservative eyelid and orbital excisions. Multiple flaps and grafts were needed, as well as adjuvant radiotherapy in selected cases. Although being incredibly attractive, several limitations such as the inability to treat the more posteriorly located orbital lesions, as well as unbearable diplopia, eye pain and even secondary eye loss were identified. Therefore, surgeons should distinguish ‘eye-sparing’ from ‘sight-sparing’ strategies. The second step emerged over the last decade and was based on the development of targeted therapies and immunotherapies. Their advantages include their potential ability to treat almost all tumours, regardless of their locations, without performing complex surgeries. However, several limitations have been reported, including their side effects, the appearance of primary or secondary resistances, their price and the lack of consensus on treatment regimen and exact duration. The aim of this article was to review the evolution of the management of locally advanced periocular malignant tumours over the last three decades and highlight the new paradigm shift towards the use of ‘eye-sparing’ strategies.

Sanitation game changing: paradigm shift from end-of-pipe to off-grid solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Bhagwan ◽  
S. Pillay ◽  
D. Koné
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Water Security ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Human Waste ◽  
Wastewater Pollution ◽  
Developed Nations

Abstract The toilet-wastewater-pollution nexus – the provision of safe, hygienic and appropriate sanitation solutions – is an emerging, priority issue world-wide. Developed nations have followed a linear design approach to achieve their sanitation needs, with conventional waterborne systems continuously improved to meet more stringent control and pollution regulations while minimising the load on the natural environment. Developing countries, on the other hand, continue to struggle to implement such systems, due to a myriad of factors associated with financing, affordability and revenue, and thus rely heavily on on-site systems. On-site systems pose a different set of technical challenges related to their management, which is often overlooked in the developing world. Whereas, while technology strides increase in conventional sanitation processes towards zero-effluent, these come at a significant cost and energy requirement. Further, climate variability and water security put added pressure on the resources available for flushing and transporting human waste. A new paradigm for sanitation, proposed in this paper, introduces and is based on technology disrupters that can safely treat human excreta, and matches user preferences without the need for sewers, or reliance on large quantities of water and/or energy supplies. Through innovation and smart-chain supply, universal access can be achieved sustainably, and linked to water security and business opportunities. The opportunity arises for leapfrogging these solutions in growing cities in the developing world, reducing water consumption and eliminating pollutant pathways.

The Question of the Future of Indian Muslims in Malaysia: The Post-Mahathir Legacy Era

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 219-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Noor Sulastry Yurni
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Ethnic Politics ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
British Colonialism ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Economic Allocation ◽  
Islamic Resurgence ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Abstract The Malays, Chinese and Indian community in Malaysia have been homogenized since British colonialism. The existence of Indian Muslims’ identity caused a new paradigm shift in Malaysia involving the racial discussion. This paper traces the difference in Indian Muslims’ identities from Indian and the Hindus. I argued that Indian Muslims share Islam as their religion and faith, while maintaining a Malay way of life and custom in their daily practices. In Malaysia, the Indian Muslim community struggled to place their future in terms of social, economic allocation and political justification among the other communities. However, the strength of ethnic politics clearly charted out their involvement in the political base and moved them to fight for their cause and rights. Hence, today’s Indian Muslim community has caused an Islamic resurgence, which has brought a new Indian dimension as a whole.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document