scholarly journals Amblyopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (19) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Paula Gortázar ◽  
Ramón Esparza
Keyword(s):  
Gravure Printing ◽  
Computer Screen ◽  
Human Eye ◽  
Complex Term ◽  
Printing Processes ◽  
Printing Techniques

But like everything related to our vision, amblyopia is certainly complex term both to delimite and define. What does it exactly mean to ‘see right’? At present, I am writing this text as I see it through my computer screen, which has a resolution way higher than that of the analogue television we used to watch during our childhood years. But higher resolution undoubtly involves more information that needs to be captured by our sight and later processed by our brains.  Just like it happens when comparing old gravure printing techniques with high-end image printing processes from the present time, the reproduction of certain details in the image and the range of colorous and tones prensent in contemporary photographic prints are often wider than those which the human eye is able to perceive. But would have short-sighted people had the need to use spectacles two centuries ago? Or was the level of deail present in printed (and painted) material vague enough to be perceived by a much larger scope of the population?

scholarly journals Effect of blade-tip shape on the doctoring step in gravure printing processes

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 983-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristianto Tjiptowidjojo ◽  
Daniel S. Hariprasad ◽  
P. Randall Schunk
Keyword(s):  
Gravure Printing ◽  
Blade Tip ◽  
Printing Processes

scholarly journals A review of 3D printing processes and materials for soft robotics

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1345-1361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yee Ling Yap ◽  
Swee Leong Sing ◽  
Wai Yee Yeong
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Soft Robotics ◽  
Soft Robots ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Future ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Multiple Materials ◽  
Printing Processes ◽  
Printing Techniques

Purpose Soft robotics is currently a rapidly growing new field of robotics whereby the robots are fundamentally soft and elastically deformable. Fabrication of soft robots is currently challenging and highly time- and labor-intensive. Recent advancements in three-dimensional (3D) printing of soft materials and multi-materials have become the key to enable direct manufacturing of soft robots with sophisticated designs and functions. Hence, this paper aims to review the current 3D printing processes and materials for soft robotics applications, as well as the potentials of 3D printing technologies on 3D printed soft robotics. Design/methodology/approach The paper reviews the polymer 3D printing techniques and materials that have been used for the development of soft robotics. Current challenges to adopting 3D printing for soft robotics are also discussed. Next, the potentials of 3D printing technologies and the future outlooks of 3D printed soft robotics are presented. Findings This paper reviews five different 3D printing techniques and commonly used materials. The advantages and disadvantages of each technique for the soft robotic application are evaluated. The typical designs and geometries used by each technique are also summarized. There is an increasing trend of printing shape memory polymers, as well as multiple materials simultaneously using direct ink writing and material jetting techniques to produce robotics with varying stiffness values that range from intrinsically soft and highly compliant to rigid polymers. Although the recent work is done is still limited to experimentation and prototyping of 3D printed soft robotics, additive manufacturing could ultimately be used for the end-use and production of soft robotics. Originality/value The paper provides the current trend of how 3D printing techniques and materials are used particularly in the soft robotics application. The potentials of 3D printing technology on the soft robotic applications and the future outlooks of 3D printed soft robotics are also presented.

The Study on Color Print Quality Attributes of In-Mold Roller Using Digital Inkjet Printing

2012 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 340-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Lang Chen ◽  
Mei Chun Lo ◽  
Yun Ti Su ◽  
Yu Tung Chang
Keyword(s):  
Inkjet Printing ◽  
Screen Printing ◽  
Print Quality ◽  
Gravure Printing ◽  
Color Gamut ◽  
Printing Process ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Pet Film ◽  
Printing Processes ◽  
Potential Use

The In-Mold Roller is a revolutionary printing process by which objects are 3D decorated. The products decorated by In-Mold Roller are protected from water and fading. These kinds of decorations strongly increase the beauty, desirability and value of the objects. The In-Mold Roller is now using either of gravure printing and screen printing to print PET film. However, there are some problems with these two techniques. This research is to investigate the potential use of combining In-Mold Roller with digital inkjet printing in 3D decoration, e.g. in personalized printing services. The study results found show that digital inkjet printing to the PET film and then transfer to the ABS, the solid ink densities (SIDs) of primaries would increase. The tone values increases (TVIs) from highlight and middle (around 0~60%) were generally higher than those in shadows. The shapes and sizes of color gamut were also varied according to different kinds of digital UV inkjet printing processes. Moreover, after transferred, the color gamut became smaller.

scholarly journals Optical elements from 3D printed polymers

e-Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 549-565
Author(s):  
Tomasz Blachowicz ◽  
Guido Ehrmann ◽  
Andrea Ehrmann
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Layered Structure ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Rapid Production ◽  
Freeform Optics ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Printing Processes ◽  
Printing Techniques ◽  
Individual Objects

Abstract 3D printing belongs to the emerging technologies of our time. Describing diverse specific techniques, 3D printing enables rapid production of individual objects and creating shapes that would not be produced with other techniques. One of the drawbacks of typical 3D printing processes, however, is the layered structure of the created parts. This is especially problematic in the production of optical elements, which in most cases necessitate highly even surfaces. To meet this challenge, advanced 3D printing techniques as well as other sophisticated solutions can be applied. Here, we give an overview of 3D printed optical elements, such as lenses, mirrors, and waveguides, with a focus on freeform optics and other elements for which 3D printing is especially well suited.

Giant Micro-Electronics Technology Using Gravure Printing Techniques

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiichi NAKAO ◽  
Masaaki HAYAMA ◽  
Keizaburo KURAMASU ◽  
Mikinari SHIMADA ◽  
Masahide TSUKAMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Gravure Printing ◽  
Printing Techniques

Study about Influencing of Printing Process on Gravure Printing Ink Transfer

2013 ◽  
Vol 469 ◽  
pp. 301-304
Author(s):  
Pu Jun Deng ◽  
Wei Fang ◽  
Jian Dong Lu
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Gravure Printing ◽  
Line Number ◽  
Printing Process ◽  
Ink Transfer ◽  
Printing Processes ◽  
Printing Ink ◽  
Influence Degree ◽  
Printing Speed

Abstract. Gravure printing has the characteristics including thick ink layer, bright and homochromatic color, rich and sharp tone, and strong stereoscopic impression. In the packaging-printing field, gravure printing gets more and more attentions. But in the region of gravure printing process, the study on gravure printing ink transfer is not as deep as offset print. Most researches just stay in the level of qualitative analysis, but the quantitative analysis researches are still insufficient. The factors which impact gravure printing ink transfer are not only the volume of engraving ink cell, but also printing process. In this paper, gravure printing ink transfer is analyzed quantitatively from the point of views of gravure printing pressure, printing speed, scraping blade pressure and ink viscosity. The following research has been done in this paper. Firstly, electronic engraving machine is used to engrave eight different area ink cells by 45° ink cell angle and 70lpc screen line number on the same gravure roller. Secondly, gravure proofing machine is used to make proofs in different process conditions. Thirdly, density meter is used to determine density of cell ink, and balance is used to determine the weight of ink which moves from the plate onto the paper. Finally, to analyze the influence of different printing processes on gravure printing ink transfer. The research results show that gravure printing ink transfer is influenced certainly by different printing processes. Printing process has a certain influence on the gravure printing ink transfer, and the influence degree of different dot area rate of cell is different. The doctor blade pressure and ink viscosity influence greatly gravure printing ink transfer.

Flexible photochromic Ag:TiO2 thin films fabricated by ink-jet and flexography printing processes

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (103) ◽  
pp. 84560-84564 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Tricot ◽  
F. Vocanson ◽  
D. Chaussy ◽  
D. Beneventi ◽  
M. Party ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Plastic Substrate ◽  
Ink Jet ◽  
Printing Processes ◽  
Printing Techniques

Printing techniques compatible with industrial production are successfully used to fabricate photochromic Ag:TiO2 thin films on a plastic substrate.

A New System For Optomanual Semiautomatic Quantitative Image Analysis

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
H.P. Rohr
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
List Type ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Point Counting ◽  
Human Eye ◽  
Quantitative Image ◽  
Point Density ◽  
Electronic Counting

Today, in image analysis the broadest possible rationalization and economization have become desirable. Basically, there are two approaches for image analysis: The image analysis through the so-called scanning methods which are usually performed without the human eye and the systems of optical semiautomatic analysis completely relying on the human eye.The new MOP AM 01 opto-manual system (fig.) represents one of the very promising approaches in this field. The instrument consists of an electronic counting and storing unit, which incorporates a microprocessor and a keyboard for choice of measuring parameters, well designed for easy use.Using the MOP AM 01 there are three possibilities of image analysis:the manual point counting,the opto-manual point counting andthe measurement of absolute areas and/or length (size distribution analysis included).To determine a point density for the calculation of the corresponding volume density the intercepts lying within the structure are scanned with the light pen.

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