Fake News on Social Media and Adolescent’s Cognition

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Suraya Mansur ◽  
Nurhayani Saragih ◽  
Rajab Ritonga ◽  
Novita Damayanti
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Application Analysis ◽  
Information Spread

This research aims to determine the extent to which teenagers distinguish true news from fake news and how these fake news affect adolescents’cognition. A lot of hoax information has sprung up on social media, especially during the 2019 Indonesian presidential election. The ability to check on the information spread in online media is influenced by each individual’s cognitive abilities. A person’s cognitive ability is to think rationally, including aspects of knowledge, understanding, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. This study used an explanative survey method with a quantitative positivistic paradigm. The results showed that the most influencing X variable to the Y variable was the Satire variable, which is positive and unidirectional. The Hoax variable has the most influence on cognitive abilities, even though the value is negative and not unidirectional. This means, the lower the understanding of Hoax, the higher the level of cognitive abilities.

scholarly journals Digital Media Unequality During the 2014th Indonesian Presidential Election

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 14006
Author(s):  
Hedi Pudjo Santosa ◽  
Nurul Hasfi ◽  
Triyono Lukmantoro
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Political Discussion ◽  
Fake News

In the internet era, a hoax is a real threat for democracy, as it spreads misleading and fake information that creats uncertain political communication. During the 2014 Indonesian presidential election, a hoax was rapidly spreading thorough social media. Morover, in Indonesian political context, a hoax construct strategically by using primordialism issue. This study uses critical discourse analysis to identify a pattern of hoax during the 2014 Indonesian presidential election, particularly to show how primordialism constructs an unequel society. The data was taken from political discussion among 8 influential Twitter accounts, two months before the election. The study found that 1) A hoax was produced by using many techniques; 2) Mainstream ‘online media’ involved in the production of the hoax, particularly by constructing sensational headline. Meanwhile, fake news commonly produced and distributed by pseudonym Twitter accounts; 3) Both hoax and fake news generally run under a mechanism of primordialism issue.

Fake It “Till You Make It”: Debunking Fake News in a Post-Truth America

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-133
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
First Amendment ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
American People ◽  
Fake News ◽  
News Sources ◽  
The Media ◽  
The U.S

Since the 2016 U.S. presidential election, attacks on the media have been relentless. “Fake news” has become a household term, and repeated attempts to break the trust between reporters and the American people have threatened the validity of the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. In this article, the authors trace the development of fake news and its impact on contemporary political discourse. They also outline cutting-edge pedagogies designed to assist students in critically evaluating the veracity of various news sources and social media sites.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Fake Narratives on Social Media during 2019 Indonesian Presidential Election

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-368
Author(s):  
Vience Mutiara Rumata ◽  
◽  
Fajar Kuala Nugraha ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Political Polarization ◽  
Political Discussion ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Radical Group ◽  
Time Frames ◽  
Election Studies

Social media become a public sphere for political discussion in the world, with no exception in Indonesia. Social media have broadened public engagement but at the same time, it creates an inevitable effect of polarization particularly during the heightened political situation such as a presidential election. Studies found that there is a correlation between fake news and political polarization. In this paper, we identify and the pattern of fake narratives in Indonesia in three different time frames: (1) the Presidential campaign (23 September 2018 -13 April 2019); (2) the vote (14-17 April 2019); (3) the announcement (21-22 May 2019). We extracted and analyzed a data-set consisting of 806,742 Twitter messages, 143 Facebook posts, and 16,082 Instagram posts. We classified 43 fake narratives where Twitter was the most used platform to distribute fake narratives massively. The accusation of Muslim radical group behind Prabowo and Communist accusation towards the incumbent President Joko Widodo were the two top fake narratives during the campaign on Twitter and Facebook. The distribution of fake narratives to Prabowo was larger than that to Joko Widodo on those three platforms in this period. On the contrary, the distribution of fake narratives to Joko Widodo was significantly larger than that to Prabowo during the election and the announcement periods. The death threat of Joko Widodo was top fake narratives on these three platforms. Keywords: Fake narratives, Indonesian presidential election, social media, political polarization, post.

scholarly journals A family of falsehoods: Deception, media hoaxes and fake news

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teri Finneman ◽  
Ryan J. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
False Information ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
News Organizations ◽  
Information Spread ◽  
History Of

“Fake news” became a concern for journalists in 2017 as news organizations sought to differentiate themselves from false information spread via social media, websites and public officials. This essay examines the history of media hoaxing and fake news to help provide context for the current U.S. media environment. In addition, definitions of the concepts are proposed to provide clarity for researchers and journalists trying to explain these phenomena.

scholarly journals Digital Images on Social Media and Proliferation of Fake News on Covid-19 in Kano, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-124
Author(s):  
Mainasara Yakubu Kurfi ◽  
Msughter Eric Msughter ◽  
Idris Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Technological Determinism ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Fake News ◽  
News Online

Misinformation becomes rampant in the digital age and social media provide people with the opportunities for engaging more actively in society. The objectives of the study are: (i) to ascertain the extent to which residents of Kano have been exposed to digital images on Covid-19 that often accompany fake news in social media; (ii) to establish the extent to which residents of Kano are influenced by fake news on Covid-19 with images; (iii) to find out the factors that often lead to the influence of fake news with digital images on Covid-19 among social media users in Kano; (iv) to ascertain the social media platforms mostly used in spreading fake news about Covid-19 in the state. Theoretically, Technological Determinism and Perception theories were adopted to analyze these issues. A Positivist approach to data generation and analysis was adopted using the survey method. Two local governments were selected for the study: Tarauni and Kano Municipal. Tarauni local government area had the highest number of the Covid-19 cases, while Kano Municipal had the lowest number. The population of the study consist of 593,087 with a sample size of 400 respondents derived from Taro Yamane’s sample size prediction table. The respondents were reached through cluster sampling. A total of 400 copies of questionnaires were administered to respondents in Tarauni and Kano Municipal. However, only 385 copies, which represent (96%), were retrieved and found usable for the study as the remaining 15 were not returned. The study found that Kano residents were significantly exposed to digital images that often accompany fake news in social media. They read news online every day, prefer news accompanied by images, share and like news online. The study also found that Kano residents are influenced by fake news with digital images on Covid-19 to a very great extent, especially on Facebook. Factors responsible for proliferation of fake news on social media include: perception or instinct, eagerness to be the first to share images and lack of knowledge about image verification tools. The study concludes that ignorance and the old belief that pictures do not lie were responsible for this.

scholarly journals Digital literacy and cognitive abilities of preservice physics teacher in physics for school course using LMS3: How are the both correlated?

2021 ◽  
Vol 2098 (1) ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
R Rizal ◽  
D Rusdiana ◽  
W Setiawan ◽  
E Surahman ◽  
I M Ridwan
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Ability Test ◽  
Physics Teachers ◽  
Learning Success ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test

Abstract The Covid 19 pandemic that hit Indonesia demands the physics for school course to be conducted online using a Learning Management System Supported Smartphone (LMS3). By using this application, prospective physics teachers can practice their digital literacy and strengthen cognitive abilities. This study aims to determine the correlation between digital literacy and cognitive abilities, in general and by gender, which are trained through physics for school course using LMS3. The descriptive research was conducted with survey method and involving 20 students at a university in Tasikmalaya. They are five males and fifteen females spread 18-20 years old. The instruments used in this research were digital literacy test and cognitive ability test. Both have been validated by 5 experts and have high reliability. The collected data were analyzed statistically using the Kolmogorov Smirnov test and the Pearson correlation test. The results of the normality test obtained α = 0.636 which indicates that the data is normally distributed. The correlation coefficient r = 0.626 which indicates that digital literacy and cognitive ability are strong correlated. Based on the results the digital literacy of prospective physics teachers must be adequate to support learning success, one of which is shown by cognitive abilities.

scholarly journals Russia’s hybrid invasion in Belarus during the presidential election campaign 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 121-129
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Ilyina
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Opinion Leaders ◽  
Election Campaign ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Informational Influence ◽  
The Media ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Sociology Of Communication ◽  
Presidential Election Campaign

There are various instruments for Russia to have influence on its neighbours, such as using opinion leaders (authorities), intellectuals, and journalists to create a favourable informational context or to place the ordered materials in the media so as to have an impact on public opinion. These are the types of information attacks that can lead to the loss of statehood or the substantial limitation of sovereignty. This hybrid aggression strives to precisely this result. The main questions are: how the Russian information space, mud-slinging and troll farms functioned in Belarus during the presidential election? How the fake news which is produced in Russia impacts societies? Which political scenarios appeared in Belarus following Russia’s informational influence? It is a fact that today the Russian authorities use tools of fake news and propaganda; combined with the extra possibilities of social media. The appearance of fake news is connected with national safety because they jeopardize democratic institutions, lead to the radicalization of society, and change the balance of authority. In the research, the methodologies were used from the sociology of communication, political science and content analysis.

“Fake News” and Emerging Online Media Ecosystem: An Integrated Intermedia Agenda-Setting Analysis of the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Guo ◽  
Chris Vargo
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Election ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Emerging Media ◽  
Intermedia Agenda Setting ◽  
News Websites ◽  
Media Ecosystem ◽  
News Headlines

This study examined how fake news, misinformation, and satire, affected the emerging media ecosystem during the 2016 U.S. presidential election through an integrated intermedia agenda-setting analysis, which studies broad attributes and myopic stories and events. A computer-assisted content analysis of millions of news articles was conducted alongside a qualitative analysis of popular news headlines and articles. The results showed that websites that spread misinformation had a fairly close intermedia agenda-setting relationship with fact-based media in covering Trump, but not for the news about Clinton. Satire websites barely interacted with the agenda of other media outlets. Overall, it seemed that rather than playing a unique agenda-setting role in this emerging media landscape, fake news websites added some noise to an already sensationalized news environment.

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