Chronic Lead Exposure of Rats: Open-Field Performance

1982 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. Geist ◽  
Jeffrey E. Praed
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Postnatal Exposure ◽  
Chronic Lead Exposure ◽  
Prenatal Lead Exposure ◽  
Acetate Form

Three groups of male hooded rats were chronically exposed to lead in the acetate form prenatally, as well as postnatally via the dam's milk and in the drinking water, at concentrations of 0 ppm, 19 ppm, and 38 ppm for 35 days. No significant differences were found in weight gain, although significant increases in food consumption were noted in animals receiving 19 ppm lead acetate and increased ingestion of lead acetate in animals receiving 19 ppm and 38 ppm. When subjects were tested in an open-field task, no significant differences were found in emotionality, the number of squares traversed, frequency and duration of rearing, or in frequency of grooming. However, subjects receiving 38 ppm lead displayed a significant reduction in duration of grooming when compared to animals receiving either 19 ppm or 0 ppm. The results suggest that prenatal lead exposure, followed by postnatal exposure, may affect some elements of activity, while having little effect on others.

scholarly journals Effect of lead acetate alone and in combination with whole milk (Star ship®) on body growth and liver functions in an experimentally induced lead toxicity in rat

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Usman Gani ◽  
Md Saiful Islam Siddiqui ◽  
Md Harun Or Rashid ◽  
Kamrul Islam ◽  
Sharifunnessa Moonmoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Body Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Liver Functions ◽  
Group B

The Effect of lead acetate alone and in combination with whole milk on body weight gain and some biochemical parameters were carried out on a total of 15 (15 days old) male weaning Long- Evans strain rats. The rats were randomly divided into three equal groups, each consisting of five rats. Rats of group A were kept as control (without giving any treatment), group B received lead acetate alone @ 6mg/ml drinking water and group C received lead acetate @ 6mg/ml plus whole milk (Star ship®) 150 mg/ml drinking water. The result showed that body weight gain of control group per week per rat was found to increase but in treated group B, the body weight gain was found to decrease most significantly (P< 0.01) on day 56 while in group C, body weight was reduced significantly (P< 0.05) on day 56. The reducing body weight gain was less in group C than group B. A most significantly (P< 0.01) increased SGOT and SGPT values were observed in Group B but in group C, those count increased significantly (P< 0.05) on day 56 of experiment. From the study it was concluded that treatment with lead acetate at low doses has adverse effects on body growth and liver functions in experimental animals.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2016, 2(2): 183-189

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Lead Nephrotoxicity and Tissue Deposition Between Rats, Mice, and Pigeons Exposed to Drinking Water Containing 2, 20, or 200 ppm Lead

1983 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. W. Revis ◽  
Judith Shaw ◽  
R. Bull
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Intranuclear Inclusion ◽  
Chronic Nephritis ◽  
Chronic Lead Exposure ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
The Relationship

White Carnaew pigeons were exposed to drinking water containing various concentrations of lead to study the relationship between exposure and tissue deposition and the relationship between the concentrations of lead in kidney and morphologic alterations. The concentration of lead in the blood was the only tissue which showed a linear increase with respect to the concentration of lead in the drinking water. The concentration of lead in the liver, kidney, brain, heart, aorta, and pancreas increased in response to lead in the drinking water; however, these increases were not linear with respect to lead exposure. Similar results were obtained for rats and mice exposed via the drinking water to 2, 20, or 200 ppm lead; however, the concentration of lead in tissues was substantially greater in pigeons. Kidneys from rats and mice appeared normal following the exposure of 200 ppm lead for 4 months, whereas, in kidneys from pigeons exposed to 200 ppm for a similar period of time there was tubular degeneration, fibrosis, and acid fast intranuclear inclusion bodies. These pathoanatomic alterations may be related to the concentration lead found in the kidney in pigeons. The concentration of lead in the kidney was 3,930 μg gram dry weight for pigeons but only 40 and 6 μg for mice and rats respectively. These studies suggest that the pigeon is more responsive to ingested lead than the rat or mouse. The renal lesions induced by chronic lead exposure are similar in pigeons and man suggesting that the pigeon may be useful animal model to study the yet unanswered questions related to chronic nephritis following lead poisoning.

Chronic Lead Exposure: a Cause for Brain Degeneration and Calcifications: a Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddharth Maheshwari ◽  
Monali Chaturvedi ◽  
Aldrin Anthony ◽  
Suman Kushwaha ◽  
Jasmeet Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Brain Degeneration ◽  
Chronic Lead Exposure

Motor alterations induced by chronic lead exposure

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Taghi Mansouri ◽  
Omar Cauli
Keyword(s):  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Chronic Lead Exposure ◽  
Motor Alterations

Acute lead exposure induces renal haeme oxygenase-1 and decreases urinary Na excretion

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilda Vargas ◽  
Carlos Castillo ◽  
Francisco Posadas ◽  
Bruno Escalante
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Kidney Cortex ◽  
Tin Protoporphyrin ◽  
Pb Exposure

The effects of acute lead exposure on renal function, lipid peroxidation and the expression of haeme oxygenase (HO) in rat kidney were determined. A single injection of lead acetate (50 mg Pb/kg) was given to rats. Changes in renal function, characterized by a significant reduction in the Na excretion was observed six hours after Pb exposure; this effect persisted for 24 hours. TBARS levels increased in kidney cortex 24 hours after Pb administration. In kidney cortex, Pb exposure affected the expression of HO-1, a renal protein associated with oxidative stress. HO-1 mRNA increased 2.3-fold, three hours after Pb administration and remained increased for six, 12 and 24 hours. HO enzymatic activity and HO-1 protein increased six and three hours after Pb administration, respectively, and remained increased at 24 hours. HO inhibition by tin-protoporphyrin, potentiated Pb-induced increase in TBARS and prevented the Pb-induced reduction in Na excretion. Our data suggest that Pb may be acting through the generation of oxidant products and induction of HO.

Effect of an acidifier as replacement for antibiotics on the performance and gut morphology of broilers

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
BA Makanjuola ◽  
OO Obi ◽  
TO Olorungbohunmi ◽  
OA Morakinyo ◽  
BA Boladuro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Gut Morphology ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Small Intestines ◽  
Dietary Treatments

An experiment was conducted to determine the influence of an acidifier as an alternative to antibiotics on the performance and gut morphology of broiler chickens. One hundred and eighty (180) 7-day old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 3 dietary treatments of 4 replicates each. Each replicate had 15 birds. The diets fed to the birds were: Treatment 1- diet with neither antibiotic nor acidifier; Treatment 2- diet with antibiotic and Treatment 3- diet with acidifier. The antibiotic used was Enrofloxacin which was administered to the birds on Treatment 2 via their drinking water while the acidifier used was Biotronic SE (a combination of propionic and formic acids) which was added to the diet of birds on Treatment 3 at the rate of 4kg/tonne of feed. The experiment lasted 42 days. No significant differences were observed in the feed intake, final weight and weight gain of the birds on the different diets. Significant differences were however observed in the villus height in the duodenum and ileum of the birds. The crypt depth values in the different segments of the small intestines of the birds were not significantly affected by the different treatments.Key words: Organic acids, Biotronic SE, Enrofloxacin, Crypt, villus.

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