Relationship between Patients' Responses to Objective Tests and Examiners' Characteristics

1969 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Davis ◽  
Anthony P. Gillette
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Objective Test ◽  
Personality Scale ◽  
Performance Differences ◽  
Significant Performance ◽  
Objective Tests ◽  
K Scale

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the age, race, and sex of psychological examiners (Es) would affect the objective personality scale performance of Negro and Caucasian psychiatric patients. Eight groups of 10 Ss each were administered the Taylor MAS, the MMPI K scale, and the MMPI L scale by one of eight Es. Half the Ss were Negro and half were Caucasian. Half the Es were Negro and half were Caucasian; half the Es were male and half were female; and half the Es were older ( M = 36) and half were younger ( M = 23). Analysis of the data indicated that, depending on Ss' race, significant performance differences in Ss' objective test responses were related to E's age, sex, and race. However, the interaction between Es' age and Ss' race was the most consistently demonstrated effect in this study.

An Experimenter Variable: The Psychologist-Clergyman

1968 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald E. Walker ◽  
William E. Davis ◽  
Anthony Firetto
Keyword(s):  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Catholic Priest ◽  
Performance Differences ◽  
Significant Performance ◽  
Roman Catholic Priest ◽  
K Scale

20 male and 20 female Ss were tested individually and orally on the Taylor MAS, MMPI K scale, and MMPI L scale by a layman. The same layman dressed as a Roman Catholic priest tested 20 more males and 20 more females. A Roman Catholic priest dressed both as a priest and a layman, also tested 80 Ss. Analyses of the data indicated that E and the layman-priest variables were not relevant; however, “true-role” and “simulated-role” analyses resulted in some significant performance differences by the two sexes on the MAS and L scales.

Some Psychological Features of Persons Who have Attempted Suicide

1968 ◽  
Vol 114 (515) ◽  
pp. 1299-1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair E. Philip ◽  
J. W. McCulloch
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Psychiatric Ward ◽  
Psychological Techniques ◽  
Objective Tests ◽  
Psychological Features ◽  
Normal Controls

While the importance of psychological factors in attempted suicide has long been acknowledged, the use of standardized psychological techniques has been neglected. The paper by Vinoda (1966) is the first in Britain to describe the personality characteristics of attempted suicides using a battery of objective tests. She tested and compared a group of female attempted suicides, who had been admitted to the psychiatric ward of a general hospital, with a group of psychiatric patients and a group of non-psychiatric patients from the same hospital. Where differences on testing occurred it was usually the case that the attempted suicide and psychiatric groups were discriminated from the normal controls but not from each other.

Confirmation of Objective Test Factors and Assessment of Their Relation to Questionnaire Factors: A Factor Analysis of 113 Rating, Questionnaire and Objective Test Measurements of Personality

1958 ◽  
Vol 104 (436) ◽  
pp. 608-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan H. Scheier ◽  
Raymond B. Cattell
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Objective Test ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Basic Strategy ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Factor Analytic ◽  
Objective Tests

Cattell's basic strategy in personality research has been first to establish personality factors for each of three major types of measurement, rating (Life-Record), questionnaire (Self-Rating), and objective tests, then to compare factors from one realm with factors from another (7). A factor in any one realm is established in the first place by being replicated. As Cattell says (4, p. 291): “… a functionally unitary trait or process should nevertheless not be considered established by a pattern in a single factor analytic research, but must reappear consistently and persistently in independently rotated studies.”

Testing Time: Testing the understanding of the concept of equation

1957 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 400-402
Author(s):  
Eugene D. Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Objective Test ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Subjective Tests ◽  
Objective Tests

There are basically two types of tests used by teachers of mathematics: objective and subjective. In objective tests, the judgment of the scorer docs not affect the score; the objective test scored by a number of persons yields the same score on each scoring. Different scores on subjective tests frequently result not only when scored by different persons, but even when scored by the same person at different times.

Children's Colour Preferences and Motor Skill Performance with Variation in Environmental Colour

1983 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 845-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian M. Cockerill ◽  
Brian P. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skill ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Performance Differences ◽  
Skill Performance ◽  
Significant Performance ◽  
Colour Preferences ◽  
Grooved Pegboard Test

60 males and 60 females between 6 and 11 yr. of age performed a modified Grooved-pegboard Test while wearing goggles with eyepieces of varying hues. Initially, subjects identified their most-preferred and least-preferred colours. Analysis showed that subjects made significantly fewer errors and took significantly less time while working under their preferred colours. There were significant performance differences between age groups but not between sexes.

Effect on Operator Performance at Thin Profile Keyboard Slopes of 5°, 10°, 15°, and 25°

1982 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 430-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W Suther ◽  
John H McTyre
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Stimulus Material ◽  
Hard Copy ◽  
Operator Performance ◽  
Thin Profile ◽  
Performance Differences ◽  
Significant Performance

This study was performed to determine how keyboard geometric differences at angles of 5°, 10°, 15°, and 25° affected user keyboard performance. Sixteen participants typed from hard copy stimulus material to an IBM Datamaster (System/23). One-way analysis of variance with repeated measures produced no significant performance differences. Participants reported the keyboard uncomfortable at 5° and 25°. Participants reported no difference between the 10° and 15° positions (p <.05). The authors recommend a range of 10° to 18° for fixed sloped keyboard and 10° to 25° adjustment range for a flexible keyboard.

Problems with Identification of Children Who Are Physically Awkward Using the TOMI

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice Causgrove Dunn ◽  
E. Jane Watkinson
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Performance Difference ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Performance Differences ◽  
Significant Performance ◽  
Ball Skills

This study investigated whether the TOMI (Stott, Moyes, & Henderson, 1984), a motor skills test recommended for the identification of children who are physically awkward (Sugden, 1985; Wall, Reid, & Paton, 1990), contains biased items. Findings of a study by Causgrove and Watkinson (1993) indicated that an unexpectedly high proportion of girls from Grades 3 to 6 were identified as physically awkward, and the authors suggested that the TOMI may be biased in favor of boys. In the present study, this suggestion was investigated through comparison of performances of TOMI subtest items by boys and girls from Grades 1 to 6. Chi-square analyses on each of the eight test items revealed significant performance differences between boys and girls on the two ball skills tasks of catching and throwing (p < .0001) at Age Bands 3 and 4; a significantly greater proportion of boys than girls age 9 to 12 years passed the catching and throwing tasks. A significant performance difference was also found on the tracing task at Age Band 1, with more girls passing tracing than boys. Implications for future research requiring the identification of children who are physically awkward are discussed.

scholarly journals Factor investing: alpha concentration versus diversification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Heinrich ◽  
Antoniya Shivarova ◽  
Martin Zurek
Keyword(s):  
Portfolio Diversification ◽  
Informational Content ◽  
Firm Characteristics ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Performance Differences ◽  
Covariance Estimator ◽  
Factor Investing ◽  
Out Of Sample ◽  
Significant Performance

AbstractDespite extensive research support, the role of diversification in current factor investing strategies remains neglected. This paper investigates whether well-designed multifactor portfolios should not only be based on firm characteristics, but should also include portfolio diversification effects. While the alpha concentration approach mainly considers factor-specific firm characteristics, the diversified approach utilizes covariance estimators in addition to firm characteristics to account for portfolio diversification. The corresponding out-of-sample results show that including an efficient covariance estimator improves the performance of long-only multifactor portfolios compared to the pure alpha concentration approach. A particular advantage of diversified factor investing strategies can be identified in the significant increase in exposure to the low-volatility factor represented by firm characteristics with high informational content. No significant performance differences are observed for long-short portfolios where the factor exposures of the alpha concentration and diversification approaches are similar with respect to the low-volatility factor.

scholarly journals The RBF Hyperparameter in Metamodel-Assisted Evolutionary Search

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoel Tenne
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Experiments ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Evolutionary Search ◽  
Performance Differences ◽  
Significant Performance ◽  
Expensive Optimization Problems ◽  
Expensive Optimization ◽  
Search Effectiveness

RBF metamodels, which are commonly used in expensive optimization problems, rely on a hyperparameter which affects their prediction. The optimal hyperparameter value is typically unknown and hence needs to be estimated by additional procedures. As such this study examines if this overhead is justified from an overall search effectiveness perspective, namely, if changes in the hyperparameter yield significant performance differences. Analysis based on extensive numerical experiments shows that changes are significant in functions with low to moderate multimodality but are less significant in functions with highly multimodality.

scholarly journals R-peak detector stress test with a new noisy ECG database reveals significant performance differences amongst popular detectors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Porr ◽  
Luis Howell
Keyword(s):  
Stress Test ◽  
Large Error ◽  
Peak Detection ◽  
Ecg Signal ◽  
Peak Detector ◽  
Precision Error ◽  
Detection Algorithms ◽  
Performance Differences ◽  
Significant Performance ◽  
Ecg Database

AbstractThe R peak detection of an ECG signal is the basis of virtually any further processing and any error caused by this detection will propagate to further processing stages. Despite this, R peak detection algorithms and annotated databases often allow large error tolerances around 10%, masking any error introduced. In this paper we have revisited popular ECG R peak detection algorithms by applying sample precision error margins. For this purpose we have created a new open access ECG database with sample precision labelling of both standard Einthoven I, II, III leads and from a chest strap. 25 subjects were recorded and filmed while sitting, solving a maths test, operating a handbike, walking and jogging. Our results show that using an error margin with sample precision, common R peak detection algorithms perform much worse than previously reported. In addition, there are significant performance differences between detectors which can have detrimental effects on applications such as heartrate variability, thus leading to meaningless results.

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