The Life Change Inventory: A Device for Quantifying Psychological Magnitude of Changes Experienced by College Students

Theoretical rationale, construction, and preliminary data on psychometric properties of the Life Change Inventory are presented. It provides a convenient device for investigating psychological consequences of different degrees of readjustment in college student's lives. Initial reliability data (test-retest = .68 and .88; Cronbach Alpha = .87), and personality and mood correlates (significant positive correlations with Profile of Mood States tension, depression, anger, and vigor, and with Differential Personality Inventory insomnia, headache proneness, feelings of unreality, hypochondriasis, ideas of persecution, impulsivity, perceptual distortion, and somatic complaints), are promising. Except for Profile of Mood States vigor, these significant correlations are consistent with the idea that excessive life changes have adverse psychological consequences.

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Personality and Mood Correlates of Schedule of Recent Experience Scores

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1973.32.3c.1143 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 32 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1143-1150 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Arthur F. Costantini ◽

Jack Davis ◽

John R. Braun ◽

Annette Iervolino

Keyword(s):

Mood States ◽

Recent Experience ◽

Profile Of Mood States ◽

Psychological Consequences ◽

Psychological Screening ◽

Time Period ◽

Total Mood Disturbance ◽

Life Style Changes ◽

Positive Correlations ◽

The Relationship

The relationship between high degrees of life style changes and personality and mood factors was explored. 262 university students completed the Schedule of Recent Experience, a device quantifying the psychological magnitude of experienced changes in a given time period, the Psychological Screening Inventory and the Profile of Mood States. Scores on the Schedule of Recent Experience had significant positive correlations with Profile of Mood States scores of tension, depression, anger, fatigue, confusion, and total mood disturbance. They also significantly and positively correlated with the Psychological Screening Inventory scores of alienation, social nonconformity, and expression, and negatively with defensiveness. The pattern of personality and mood correlates of scores on the Schedule was consistent with a hypothesis that adverse psychological consequences may result from a great deal of change.

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Self-Report Assessment of Life Change and Disorders

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1979.44.3c.1079 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 44 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1079-1086 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Eric J. Cooley ◽

Adam W. Miller ◽

James C. Keesey ◽

Mary J. Levenspiel ◽

Carol F. Sisson

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Life Events ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Self Report ◽

Life Change Events ◽

Life Change ◽

Life Changes ◽

Final Score ◽

Two Measures ◽

The Mean

Frequency and severity of life changes were compared to frequency and severity of physical and psychological disorders for a sample of 90 college students. Four scores for life changes were, calculated from a life events questionnaire. A subject's score was the sum of his life change events when each item was weighted for the amount of social readjustment caused by the event by: (1) the mean ratings of all subjects, (2) the mean rating of only the subjects who experienced the item-event in the last 12 mo., and (3) the subject's own rating. (4) The final score was the number of events marked. Two scores for disorders were computed from the Seriousness of Illness Rating Scale. They were (1) the total for items marked when each item was weighted for severity and (2) the number of items marked. The largest correlation between life changes and disorders was between number of events and number of disorders (r = .34). Weighting life change scores with experiences' means provided the largest correlations with disorder scores while weighting with individual weights provided the smallest correlations with disorders. No differences were found between the two measures of disorder.

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The Affect Grid: A Moderately Valid, Nonspecific Measure of Pleasure and Arousal

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1998.83.2.639 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 83 (2) ◽

pp. 639-642 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

William D. Scott Killgore

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Negative Affect ◽

Validation Studies ◽

Mood States ◽

Profile Of Mood States ◽

Positive And Negative Affect ◽

Valid Measure ◽

Single Item ◽

The Past ◽

Factor Analytic

The Affect Grid was first published in 1989 as a single-item measure of the two affect dimensions of pleasure-displeasure and arousal-sleepiness; however, over the past decade no subsequent validation studies have been published and no further mention of this potentially useful measure has appeared in the literature. In this study, scores on the Affect Grid were obtained from 284 college students and correlated with scores on the Beck Depression Inventory, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and the Profile of Mood States. Factor analytic and correlational findings suggest that the Affect Grid is a moderately valid measure of the general dimensions of pleasure and arousal but has little specificity in discriminating among various qualities of affective experience.

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Life Changes and Seriousness of Illness in Female College Students

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1978.43.3f.1297 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 43 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1297-1298

Author(s):

David J. Hebert

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Life Events ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Female College Students ◽

Life Change ◽

Life Changes ◽

Significant Positive Relationship ◽

Female College ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

This report investigated the relationship between the quantity of life change that students had experienced during the year in which they visited a physician for a physical illness. The sample represented 18 diseases and 106 students. A significant positive relationship of .412 ( p < .05) of life events arid illness seriousness was found.

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Psychological Mood State in “Average” Marathon Runners

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1982.55.3f.1295 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 55 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1295-1300 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Joan C. Gondola ◽

Bruce W. Tuckman

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Mood State ◽

Mood States ◽

Profile Of Mood States ◽

Physiological Changes ◽

Marathon Runners ◽

Men And Women ◽

Psychological Mood

A comparison of 348 average or nonelite marathon runners to 856 college students on the Profile of Mood States showed that runners, both men and women, described themselves as significantly less tense, less depressed, less fatigued, less confused, more vigorous and equally angry. Various theories of physiological changes thought to accompany running are offered as explanations.

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Effects of Color of Paper on Which the Profile of Mood States is Printed on the Psychological States it Measures

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1992.75.1.267 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 75 (1) ◽

pp. 267-271 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Keith W. Jacobs ◽

Susan E. Blandino

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Mood State ◽

Mood States ◽

Profile Of Mood States ◽

Psychological States ◽

Univariate Analyses

The Profile of Mood States was printed on four different colors of paper (yellow, red, green, blue) and white to test whether the color of paper would influence mood state scores of 246 college students. Univariate analyses of variance identified color effects only on the Fatigue scale.

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Comparisons of Psychiatric Outpatients with Controls on Bipolar Profile of Mood States

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1985.56.3.779 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 779-782 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

John Myhill ◽

Maurice Lorr

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Mood States ◽

Profile Of Mood States ◽

Psychiatric Outpatients ◽

Comparison Groups ◽

Norm Sample

68 psychiatric outpatients were compared with 70 alcohol-impaired drivers and the norm sample ( N = 432 college students) on Bipolar Profile of Mood States which measures six mood states. The psychiatric outpatients described themselves as more anxious, hostile, depressed, unsure, fatigued, and confused than members of the comparison groups. A table of T scores was constructed for use in assessing patients on the bipolar profile.

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