Effect of Lens-Model and Outcome Feedback in a Social Judgment Analogue

96 Ss judged the correct category designations of human-like figures which differed with respect to four facial cues. The task was designed so that the correct category was defined by a linear function of the cues. Ss were randomly assigned to one of 4 feedback conditions in which they received (1) traditional “right” vs “wrong” feedback after each trial, (2) the correct category of each figure, (3) the values of each cue for each figure, or (4) the linear function relating the cues to the categories. The results were analyzed by Tucker's modification of the Brunswikian lens model equations. Ss who received “lens” feedback gained significantly more knowledge of the task system than Ss in traditional outcome feedback conditions, exercised significantly greater control over that knowledge, and achieved a significantly higher level of accuracy in their judgments. These results are discussed in terms of their relevance for situations of social judgment.

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Application of Lens Model in HRM Research

Statistical Tools and Analysis in Human Resources Management - Advances in Human Resources Management and Organizational Development ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-4947-5.ch004 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 54-73

Author(s):

Fakir Mohan Sahoo

Keyword(s):

Social Issues ◽

Data Gathering ◽

Cognitive Conflict ◽

Social Judgment ◽

Policy Formation ◽

Lens Model ◽

Innovative Strategy ◽

Social Judgment Theory ◽

Use Of Data ◽

Formidable Challenge

The appropriate use of data-gathering tools and statistical analysis is a formidable challenge in several domains of HRM research. The application of Brunswik's lens mode offers an innovative strategy in this context. Brunswik's lens model is presented and its procedural application as suggested by Hammond in terms of social judgment theory is elaborated. A broad range of application domains including multiple-cue learning, cognitive conflict, policy formation and social issues is described. Studies carried out in Indian context are reviewed. The immense possibility of application in HRM domain is indicated. The idiographic-statistical elements are pointed out. It is asserted that the application of lens model in HRM research would pave the way for greater elegance and expansion of research.

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Alternative Lens Model Equations for Dichotomous Judgments about Dichotomous Criteria

Journal of Behavioral Decision Making ◽

10.1002/bdm.1969 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 527-532 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Robert M. Hamm ◽

Huiqin Yang

Keyword(s):

Lens Model ◽

Model Equations

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The Lens Model: Computational Procedures and Applications

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1978.46.1.3 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 3-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Don Beal ◽

John S. Gillis ◽

Tom Stewart

Keyword(s):

Clinical Pharmacology ◽

Conflict Resolution ◽

Public Administration ◽

Multivariate Regression ◽

Social Judgment ◽

Lens Model ◽

General Introduction ◽

Social Judgment Theory ◽

Computational Procedures ◽

Interpersonal Learning

This paper is a general introduction to the lens model, written primarily for individuals in a variety of applied areas (Clinical Psychology, Nursing, Public Administration, Clinical Pharmacology, and Education). First the background issues of Social Judgment Theory, bivariate and multivariate regression are discussed; then the actual experimental procedures and analyses are demonstrated. Finally there is a brief discussion of the application of the model to the study of conflict resolution and interpersonal learning.

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Effects of Amounts and Units of Information on the Judgmental Process

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1976.43.3.823 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 823-829 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Roy W. Jarnecke ◽

Kjell E. Rudestam

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Control ◽

Model Equation ◽

Predictive Accuracy ◽

Lens Model ◽

Differential Effects ◽

Task System ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Studies which dealt with the effects of increasing information were reviewed and discussed in terms of the distinction between amounts and units of information. 75 subjects made judgments of predicted class rankings using varying amounts and units of computer-generated information. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of five information conditions in which they were presented 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10 cues which accounted for proportionate amounts of variance in the criterion. Results were analyzed using Tucker's modification of the lens model equation. Predictive accuracy increased with greater amounts of information, while knowledge of the task system decreased and cognitive control did not change significantly. The results were discussed in terms of the differential effects of amounts and units of information and Goldberg's (1968) conclusions about the relationship of information and accuracy of judgment.

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Temperature and salinity distribution of sea ice cover according to experimental and model data (case study of Novik Bay of the Sea of Japan)

Journal Ice and Snow ◽

10.15356/2076-6734-2018-4-559-568 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 58 (4) ◽

pp. 559-568

Author(s):

A. N. Chetyrbotsky ◽

A. U. Lazaryuk

Keyword(s):

Sea Ice ◽

Vertical Distribution ◽

Linear Function ◽

Diffusion Mechanism ◽

Model Parameters ◽

The Sea Of Japan ◽

Parameter Estimations ◽

Model Equations ◽

The Vertical Distribution ◽

Surface Air Layer

Analysis of sample distributions of temperature and salinity within depths of sea ice allowed revealing a high negative correlation between temperature of the surface air layer and the salinity vertical distribution across the ice thickness. Tis situation is explained by the fact that when temperature inside the ice rises the vertically oriented pores flled with brine, and this causes increased ﬂow of brine. But when the temperature of the thickness drops, volumes of these pores signifcantly decrease, and as a result of that stresses near the pores grow and brine is squeezed out to both above and under the ice. Comparison of individual cases of the sample salinity distributions made possible to determine that the temperature of the surface air layer signifcantly inﬂuences the freezing intensity. When developing a model of spatiotemporal dynamics of the temperature, the diﬀusion mechanism of its vertical distribution is adopted, where the thermal conductivity coefcient is a linear function of temperature. A computational scheme for solving the model equations had been developed. Te procedure to estimate the model parameters is given. Te results of the parameter estimations had proved the adequacy of both the sample and the model distributions. A degree of the adequacy is the correlation coefcient between the above distributions. It is shown that the numerical simulation of the spatiotemporal salinity dynamics can be performed in framework of the diﬀusion mechanism of the vertical distribution, where the diﬀusion coefcient is a linear function of temperature. Te results of the parameter estimations did also show the adequacy of both the sample and the model distributions.

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Do We See Masculine Faces as Competent and Feminine Faces as Warm? Effects of Sexual Dimorphism on Facial Perception

Evolutionary Psychology ◽

10.1177/1474704920980642 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 147470492098064

Author(s):

Fangfang Wen ◽

Bin Zuo ◽

Shuhan Ma ◽

Yian Xu ◽

John D. Coley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sexual Dimorphism ◽

Direct Evidence ◽

Social Judgment ◽

Perceived Competence ◽

Facial Features ◽

Implicit Measures ◽

Facial Cues ◽

Male And Female ◽

Facial Perception ◽

Facial Masculinity

Previous research on non-facial features demonstrated that masculinity and femininity correlated highly with perceived competence and warmth, respectively. Several studies focused on dimorphic facial cues and found an association between masculine faces and competence. However, there’s no study exploring the association between facial dimorphism and social judgment both using explicit and implicit experimental paradigms, i.e. Triad Classification Task, Implicit Associate Task. This study examined the association of masculinity/femininity and competence/warmth via explicit and implicit measures in three experiments. The results showed that participants saw feminine/masculine faces as more consistent with warmth/competence for both male and female faces. Besides, it was found that the above associations were more obvious in female participants. The current studies extended research of effects of dimorphic facial cue in social judgment and provided direct evidence linking facial masculinity with perceived competence, and facial femininity with perceived warmth.

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Nonverbal pre-performance expressions of professional darts players distinguish between good and poor performance

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-99729-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Philip Furley ◽

Florian Klingner ◽

Daniel Memmert

Keyword(s):

Facial Expressions ◽

Poor Performance ◽

Nonverbal Cues ◽

Lens Model ◽

Appearance Modeling ◽

Facial Cues ◽

Subsequent Performance ◽

Thin Slices ◽

Perceptual Motor Performance ◽

Valid Information

AbstractThe present research attempted to extend prior research that showed that thin-slices of pre-performance nonverbal behavior (NVB) of professional darts players gives valid information to observers about subsequent performance tendencies. Specifically, we investigated what kind of nonverbal cues were associated with success and informed thin-slice ratings. Participants (N = 61) were first asked to estimate the performance of a random sample of videos showing the preparatory NVB of professional darts players (N = 47) either performing well (470 clips) or poorly (470 clips). Preparatory NVB was assessed via preparation times and Active Appearance Modeling using Noldus FaceReader. Results showed that observers could distinguish between good and poor performance based on thin-slices of preparatory NVB (p = 0.001, d = 0.87). Further analyses showed that facial expressions prior to poor performance showed more arousal (p = 0.011, ƞ2p = 0.10), sadness (p = 0.040, ƞ2p = 0.04), and anxiety (p = 0.009, ƞ2p = 0.09) and preparation times were shorter (p = 0.001, ƞ2p = 0.36) prior to poor performance than good performance. Lens model analyses showed preparation times (p = 0.001, rho = 0.18), neutral (p = 0.001, rho = 0.13), sad (rho = 0.12), and facial expressions of arousal (p = 0.001, rho = 0.11) to be correlated with observers’ performance ratings. Hence, preparation times and facial cues associated with a player’s level of arousal, neutrality, and sadness seem to be valid nonverbal cues that observers utilize to infer information about subsequent perceptual-motor performance.

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Stereotypes of Social Groups in Germany in Terms of Warmth and Competence

Social Psychology ◽

10.1027/1864-9335/a000011 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 76-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

Frank Asbrock

Keyword(s):

Gay Men ◽

Social Groups ◽

Social Judgment ◽

Cultural Stereotypes ◽

Student Sample ◽

Content Model ◽

Stereotype Content ◽

German Student ◽

Stable Clusters ◽

Relevant Social Groups

The stereotype content model says that warmth and competence are fundamental dimensions of social judgment. This brief report analyzes the cultural stereotypes of relevant social groups in a German student sample (N = 82). In support of the model, stereotypes of 29 societal groups led to five stable clusters of differing warmth and competence evaluations. As expected, clusters cover all four possible combinations of warmth and competence. The study also reports unique findings for the German context, for example, similarities between the perceptions of Turks and other foreigners. Moreover, it points to different stereotypes of lesbians and gay men.

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