Relationship between Parental Androgyny and Early Child-Rearing Ideals and Practices

1981 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 667-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Flake-Hobson ◽  
Bryan E. Robinson ◽  
Patsy Skeen
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Single Parents ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Role Orientation ◽  
Sex Role Orientation ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Psychological Measure

This study was designed to investigate the child-rearing ideals and practices of sex-typed and androgynous parents of young children. It was hypothesized that sex-typed and androgynous parents would select their own sex-role orientation as their idealized child's orientation and that sex-typed parents would differ from androgynous parents on their reported child-rearing practices. A total of 119 parents (single parents were excluded) participated by completing the Bem Sex-role Inventory (Bem, 1974) and the Child-rearing Practices Report (Block, 1965). A chi squared analysis indicated that sex-typed parents preferred that their children grow up to be sex-typed and androgynous parents preferred that their children grow up to be androgynous. A one-way analysis of variance indicated no significant differences between the child-rearing practices of sex-typed and androgynous parents, except that sex-typed fathers emphasized achievement more than androgynous fathers. It was recommended that future researchers consider children's behaviors as elicitors of parental child-rearing practices and that a behavioral as well as a psychological measure be employed to identify androgynous parents.

SEX-ROLE ORIENTATION: DIFFERENCES AMONG STUDENTS AND TEACHERS

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-168
Author(s):  
Arthur G. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Sex Role ◽  
Role Orientation ◽  
Sex Role Orientation ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory ◽  
Masculinity And Femininity ◽  
Teachers And Students

The Bem Sex-role Inventory was administered to a total of 408 students and 393 teachers who were randomly selected from seven Caribbean States. Analyses indicated marked differentiation of males (both teachers and students) and females (both teachers and students) in sex-role orientation. Comparisons between students arid teachers on both the masculinity and femininity dimensions showed the students to be more rigidly sex-typed.

Sex-Role Orientation and Cognitive Functioning in Young Children

1983 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Ronald L. Mullis ◽  
Doris M. Bornhoeft
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Role Orientation ◽  
Sex Role Orientation

SEX ROLES AND SOCIAL-SEXUAL EFFECTIVENESS

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Quackenbush
Keyword(s):  
Sex Roles ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Criterion Validity ◽  
Role Orientation ◽  
Sex Role Orientation ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory ◽  
Social Competencies ◽  
Social Effectiveness ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
The Relationship

The investigation examined the relationship between male sex-role orientation and perceived social effectiveness in the context of dating and sexual relating. One hundred and thirty-three undergraduate males completed the Bem Sex-Role Inventory and the Male Social-Sexual Effectiveness Scale (MSSES). Results revealed androgynous males indicated the greatest degree of comfort and confidence in dating sexual situations. Undifferentiated males indicated the least social-sexual effectiveness, while masculine sex-typed males scored midrange. The results support the criterion validity of the MSSES, and provide further evidence in favor of the analysis of sex roles as, essentially, instrumental and expressive social competencies.

Sex-Role Orientation of Gay Fathers versus Gay Nonfathers

1982 ◽  
Vol 55 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1055-1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan E. Robinson ◽  
Patsy Skeen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Role Orientation ◽  
Sex Role Orientation ◽  
Test Of Independence ◽  
Gay Fathers ◽  
Chi Squared

This study compared the sex-role orientation of 30 gay fathers and 30 gay nonfathers from the Northeastern, Midwestern, Southern, Southwestern, and Western United States. Scores from the Bern Sex-role Inventory were analyzed by a chi squared test of independence. Analysis indicated that gay men who father children are no more masculine than gay men who do not father children. The myth linking masculinity and gay fatherhood was refuted, and these findings were presented as further evidence that sexual behavior and sex-role orientation are unrelated phenomena and develop out of separate experiences.

Effects of Children on Parental Sex-Role Orientation

1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAWRENCE H. GANONG ◽  
MARILYN COLEMAN
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Role Orientation ◽  
Sex Role Orientation ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory ◽  
Role Socialization ◽  
Sex Role Socialization

The bidirectional approach to sex-role socialization provided the conceptual framework for determining if the sex-role self-concept of parents was affected more by the presence of sons than by the presence of daughters. The Bem Sex Role Inventory was administered to 153 parental dyads who had daughters only (n=41), sons only (n=41), or an equal number of both sons and daughters (n=71). Sex of child, especially sons, did appear to have an effect on parents' femininity. Fathers with sons have lower femininity scores than fathers with daughters only, and mothers with sons have higher femininity scores than mothers with daughters only.

Impact of Maternal Employment on Daughters' Sex-Role Orientation and Fear of Success

1981 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 963-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faith D. Gilroy ◽  
Teresa M. Talierco ◽  
Roberta Steinbacher
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Working Mothers ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Role Orientation ◽  
Sex Role Orientation ◽  
Fear Of Success ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory ◽  
Employed Mothers

Maternal employment was related to scores on the Bem Sex-role Inventory as well as to fear of success in a sample of 90 high school females. Data indicated that the daughters of working mothers were significantly more androgynous and demonstrated less fear of success than did the daughters of non-working mothers. Results are discussed in terms of the modeling of a broad spectrum of sex-role behaviors by the employed mothers that are positively reflected in the daughters' self-concept.

A French Version of the Bem Sex-Role Inventory

1987 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 673-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Alain
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Sex Roles ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Role Orientation ◽  
Sex Role Orientation ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
French Version

Research on sex-roles has been extensive in recent years. More researchers are using sex-role orientation as a way to analyze and refine data analysis. The Bern Sex-role Inventory is popular and has been used in different cultural contexts and sometimes in different languages. This study presents a French version. Internal consistency of the inventory and test-retest correlations are high and quite similar to Bern's original (1974) data.

Relation of Success and Nontraditional Career Choice to Selection for Dating and Friendship

2010 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usha Kapoor ◽  
Karen S. Pfost ◽  
Alvin E. House ◽  
Eric Pierson
Keyword(s):  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Role Orientation ◽  
Sex Role Orientation ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory ◽  
Nontraditional Careers ◽  
Nontraditional Career ◽  
Traditional Careers ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Performance Results

Women who succeed in traditionally male-dominated fields have previously been found to experience lower social acceptance, both from men in romantic contexts and from women in platonic contexts. The present study examined whether such preferences continue to exist. Participants were 256 university students (110 men, 146 women) with an average age of 21.4 yr. ( SD = 3.6). They answered the Bem Sex Role Inventory and the Modern Sexism Scale and also responded to four descriptions of stimulus persons which represented the variables of traditional versus nontraditional field and successful versus nondescribed academic performance. Results indicated that men preferred to date women in traditional careers (independent of their success). This finding was unrelated to men's scores on sex role orientation or egalitarianism and sexism. However, in platonic relationships, women favored women in nontraditional careers as friends.

Women Who Choose a Man's Career: A Study of Women in Ministry

1983 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-173
Author(s):  
Margaret S. Steward ◽  
David S. Steward ◽  
Judith A. Dary
Keyword(s):  
Role Models ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Educational Experiences ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Role Orientation ◽  
Sex Role Orientation ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory ◽  
Women In Ministry ◽  
And Function ◽  
Age And Sex

Fifty women who chose to pursue a male-dominated career, the ministry, were interviewed about components of career choice and professional development including sex and function of their role models and educational experiences. Sex-role orientation employing the Bem Sex Role Inventory and family data were also collected. Findings indicate a complex interaction of sex and function of role models with age and sex-role orientation of subjects.

scholarly journals Androgyny and Occupational Choice

1980 ◽  
Vol 47 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1289-1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Kantner ◽  
Ruth C. Ellerbusch
Keyword(s):  
High School Teachers ◽  
Occupational Choice ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Role Orientation ◽  
Sex Role Orientation ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Male High School ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between sex-role orientation and occupational choice was investigated. Sex-role orientation was measured by the Personality Research Form ANDRO Scale of Berzins, Welling, and Wetter (1978). Subjects were 27 male registered nurses and 27 male high school teachers from a midwestern urban center. Chi-squared indicated no significant relationship between sex-role orientation and occupational choice. Implications of results were discussed.

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