Norms for the Children's Report of Parental Behavior Inventory—Modified Form

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 665-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary A. Fristad ◽  
Dennis H. Karpowitz
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Control ◽  
Parental Behavior ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Older Children

Norms based on responses of 145 fourth, fifth, and sixth grade rural midwestern children were prepared. Several demographic variables affected children's responses. Girls reported less firm control and more acceptance from their mothers than did boys. Older children reported less acceptance from and less use of psychological control by their fathers than did younger children. Finally, across grades, children tended to report less acceptance from their parents and less use of psychological control by their fathers.

Sociocultural Perspective on Child Occupant Protection

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 886-893
Author(s):  
Robert D. Foss
Keyword(s):  
Parental Behavior ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Sociocultural Perspective ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Restraint Use ◽  
The Social ◽  
Safety Restraints ◽  
Child Occupant ◽  
Structured Approach ◽  
Substantial Effort

During the past decade substantial effort has been devoted to increasing the use of child safety restraints. This has involved educational programs and, more recently, legislation mandating restraint use by children. Neither of these approaches has had major documented effects on proper restraint use. Misuse is currently high and use decreases dramatically among toddlers and older children. It is maintained that the complexity of the problems of nonuse and misuse has not been fully recognized. A more comprehensive perspective on the issue is presented, focusing on the social and cultural issues involved in attempting to change parental behavior regarding their children's use of restraints. A structured approach to programs for the promotion of safety restraint use suggested by this perspective is presented, highlighting actions that are already being taken and those that need to be taken to develop a comprehensive attack on both nonuse and misuse of safety restraints.

Judgments of a Child Involved in Accidental Damage and Responding Differentially to Adult Reprimand

1976 ◽  
Vol 43 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1071-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlton C. Aldrich ◽  
James C. Mancuso
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
Mutual Respect ◽  
Older Children

72 first-grade and 72 sixth-grade boys viewed scenes showing a boy involved in accidental damage, then receiving and responding differentially to adult reprimand. Children, having viewed one of the films, recorded their attribution of goodness-badness and also predicted the potential good-bad conduct of the transgressor. Analyses support conclusions, consistent with Piaget's moral judgment theory, that (a) young children perceive an accidental transgressor more negatively than do older children; and (b) young children evaluate responses to reprimand in terms of whether they conform to adult command, whereas older children evaluate those responses in accordance with whether they are congruent with the principle of mutual respect. Piaget's theory requires reconsideration in light of the finding that older children predicted a preponderance of good behaviors for the boy who was shown responding in a manner that can be taken as a violation of the principle of mutual trust.

Υoung Adults’ Assertiveness in Relation to Parental Acceptance-Rejection in Greece and in Bosnia and Herzegovina

2020 ◽  
pp. 003329412098096
Author(s):  
Irina Mrvoljak Theodoropoulou ◽  
Aikaterini Gari ◽  
Kostas Mylonas
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Psychological Control ◽  
Parental Behavior ◽  
Parental Acceptance ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Maternal Psychological Control ◽  
Paternal Acceptance

This study explored the relation between assertiveness and parental behavior as perceived by young adults through parental acceptance-rejection and behavioral and psychological control. Αssertiveness is a mode of personal behavior and communication characterized by willingness to stand up for one’s own needs and interests in an open and direct way. Inappropriate parenting may be associated with assertiveness difficulties and as evidence-based findings from many surveys have shown that assertive skills can be improved, it seems to be of great importance to examine the relation between assertiveness and parental rejection along with lack of support, and vice versa. In this study, assertiveness was investigated using the Rathus Assertiveness Schedule and parental behavior was studied using the Adult Parental Acceptance-Rejection/Control Questionnaire. Psychosocial personality traits and psychological control were assessed through the Adult Personality Assessment Questionnaire and the Psychological Control Scale, respectively. The sample consisted of 1,117 university students from Greek universities in Athens, Greece, and in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). For all measures and their psychometric structure, factor equivalence for the two countries was verified through congruence coefficients and through confirmatory factor analyses. Findings showed that in respect to the Greek sample (but not the B&H sample), assertive-behavior skills are more common among men than women. Assertiveness for all participants is correlated with maternal psychological control and paternal acceptance and also with self-evaluation and worldview. Apparently, maternal psychological control and paternal acceptance-rejection seemed to be associated with young adults' levels of assertiveness to a greater degree than with the other parental behavior parameters assessed in the present research.

scholarly journals Measuring Goal Setting in School-Aged Children: Studying the Effects of Demographic Variables in Regression-Based Norms

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-110
Author(s):  
A. Toornstra ◽  
P. P. M. Hurks ◽  
W. Van der Elst ◽  
K. Massar ◽  
G. Kok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Ability Test ◽  
Naglieri Nonverbal Ability Test ◽  
Nonverbal Ability

Abstract The aim of the study was to establish demographically representative norms for tasks measuring goal setting, and more specifically planning and reasoning in children. Three tasks were administered to n = 195 Ukrainian children aged 5.10 to 14.5 years old: the Spatial Working Memory (SWM), the Stockings of Cambridge (SOC) test, and the Naglieri Nonverbal Ability Test (NNAT). Main outcome per test was accuracy: i.e., the total number correct for the SOC and NNAT, and the total amount of incorrect responses for the SWM. Correlations among accuracy measures varied from − 0.51 to 0.60, indicating these tasks measure related but at the same time unique constructs. Higher age was associated with more accurate test performances on all outcome measures. On the NNAT, we found a curvilinear association between age and accuracy, indicating that younger children’s NNAT accuracy scores increased more with age compared with older children. We found a cubic age effect on accuracy for the SWM and SOC: i.e., test scores were relatively stable at younger and older ages, with a curvilinear increase in test scores in the other age groups. Demographically corrected norms were calculated and presented per test. These indicated that sex was not associated with accuracy scores on any of the tests. Last, a higher level of parental education (LPE) was associated with higher accuracy scores, but only on the NNAT. We conclude that demographic variables in norm analyses enhance insight in the scores and allow for application in clinical settings and research.

scholarly journals Lower physical activity is associated with daytime sleepiness in children aged 9–12 years

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-424
Author(s):  
Tsunenori Isa ◽  
Taiki Sugimoto ◽  
Shunsuke Murata ◽  
Yamato Tsuboi ◽  
Aoi Ebina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Elementary Schools ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

This study clarified the prevalence of daytime sleepiness in fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-grade children and examined the association between physical activity (PA) and daytime sleepiness in children aged 9–12 years. This cross-sectional study included 314 children (mean age ± standard deviation: 10.5 ± 1.0 years; male: 52.9%) enrolled in two public elementary schools in Kobe, Japan. PA was assessed using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children. The outcome was self-reported daytime sleepiness. The prevalence of daytime sleepiness in fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-grade children were 10.8%, 25.2%, and 28.6%, respectively. In univariate analysis, subjects with reported daytime sleepiness had lower PA levels than those without daytime sleepiness (odds ratio (OR) = .67; 95% confidence interval (CI) = .47–.95). Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that lower PA was significantly associated with daytime sleepiness after adjusting for multiple confounders (OR = .54; 95% CI = .37–.81). The prevalence of daytime sleepiness in fifth and sixth grades was higher than fourth grade. Furthermore, this study clarified the significant association between PA and daytime sleepiness and suggested that PA could be one of the factors to prevent daytime sleepiness in children aged 9–12 years.

Factor Analyses of Normal and Depressed Patients' Memories of Parental Behavior

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 871-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen Raskin ◽  
Helvi H. Boothe ◽  
Natalie A. Reatig ◽  
Joy G. Schulterbrandt ◽  
David Odle
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Control ◽  
Parental Behavior ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Psychological Autonomy ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Normal Adults

An abbreviated 90-item version of the Children's Reports of Parental Behavior Inventory was administered to two samples of 371 and 177 hospitalized depressed patients and a third sample of 254 normal adults. In each sample there were roughly twice as many females as males. Ss rated mothers and fathers on separate but identical forms. The three major factors which emerged from these six factor analyses closely resembled Schaefer's three conceptual dimensions—Acceptance vs Rejection, Psychological Autonomy vs Psychological Control and Firm Control vs Lax Control. Essentially the same items had significant loadings on comparable mother and father factors. Finally, patients rated both parents more negatively on these factors than the normal adults.

scholarly journals Becoming a perfectionistic adolescent: Perceived parental behaviors involved in developmental trajectories of perfectionism

2021 ◽  
pp. 089020702110129
Author(s):  
Lavinia E Damian ◽  
Oana Negru-Subtirica ◽  
Eleonora I Pop ◽  
Joachim Stoeber
Keyword(s):  
Autonomy Support ◽  
Psychological Control ◽  
Parental Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Growth Mixture Modeling ◽  
Parental Behaviors ◽  
Growth Mixture ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism

Perfectionism is a pervasive and prevalent personality disposition with high implications for psychological maladjustment. Adolescence represents a particularly relevant period for the development of perfectionism, and perceived parental behaviors have been shown to play an important part. Yet, so far only few longitudinal studies have investigated the role of risk and protective parental behaviors in the development of perfectionism in adolescents. Examining a sample of 744 adolescents ( Mage = 15.2 years), the present study investigated developmental trajectories of self-oriented, socially prescribed, and other-oriented perfectionism over four waves spaced five to six months apart. Results of growth mixture modeling showed that self-oriented perfectionism followed three developmental trajectories (low and decreasing; medium and decreasing; high and stable) as did socially prescribed perfectionism (low and stable; medium and increasing; high and stable). Other-oriented perfectionism showed four developmental trajectories (low and decreasing; low and stable; high and stable; high and increasing). Significant differences were observed between groups regarding all investigated perceived parental behaviors (psychological control, behavioral control, responsiveness, and autonomy support). Similarities and differences between the development of each form of perfectionism and the role of each parental behavior as well as implications of these findings for the understanding of the development of perfectionism in adolescence are discussed.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN MODELS OF FAMILY EDUCATION AND DEVIANT BEHAVIORS AMONG TEENAGERS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thu Huong Tran ◽  
◽  
Thi Ngoc Lan Le ◽  
Thi Minh Nguyen ◽  
Thu Trang Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parental Support ◽  
Psychological Control ◽  
Parental Behavior ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Family Education ◽  
P Value ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Parental Behaviors ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Deviant Behaviors

"Background: An important predictor of adolescents’ developmental outcomes is a model of family education, described in terms of parental behaviors. Various parental behaviors were strongly associated with increasing risk of deviant behaviors at school. Methods: The study was conducted on 566 adolescents, comprising 280 males (49.5%) and 286 females (50.5%), of grade 11th and 12th, of age rang 16-17 years from different government colleges in Vietnam. There were 2 self-reported scales to be used: Parental behavior scale; Adolescent deviant behaviors; Data was analyzed by using reliability analysis to examine the psychometric properties of the scales. Results: There was a strong, negative correlation between school deviant behaviors in adolescents and the parental support model (with rfather =-.53, rmother =-.61, p-value <.01); a strong, positive correlation between the school deviant behaviors and the parental psychological control model (with rmother =.45 and rfather =.47, p-value<.01). Conclusions: In family education, positive behaviors used by parents such as supportive, warmth and moderate control would have a positive impact on the adolescent’s behavioral development; conversely, parents’ psychological control would negatively affect and give rise to deviant behaviors among adolescents."

Parental Control, Trait Anxiety, and Satisfaction with Life in College Students

2001 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank L. Seibel ◽  
W. Brad Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Psychological Control ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Parental Behavior ◽  
Parental Control ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Area Of Interest

Research on developmental psychopathology has highlighted the role of parental behavior in subsequent development of pathology in children and adolescents. Although parental psychological control has been an area of interest to researchers, the connection between psychological control and anxiety has not been well established. We administered measures of perceived parental control and acceptance (separate forms for mother and father), trait anxiety, and satisfaction with life to 202 undergraduate students. Analysis indicated that perception of parents (both mother and father) as psychologically controlling was significantly positively correlated with trait anxiety and significantly negatively correlated with satisfaction with life. This held even after the effects of psychological control by the other parent were statistically eliminated.

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